稀土Ce对IF钢显微组织和塑性的影响

采用光学显微镜观察、扫描电镜分析、硬度测试及拉伸试验等手段和方法,对稀土Ce在IF钢中的微合金化作用进行了研究.结果表明:在IF钢中,稀土Ce能够细化铁素体晶粒,质变TiN复合夹杂,提高硬度,改善塑性.     

脱氧工艺对低合金高强度钢中夹杂物的影响

通过中小转炉工业化试验,对比研究了分别以Si-Ca-Ba合金和钛线为脱氧剂的两种不同脱氧方式对低合金高强度钢中夹杂物的影响.采用氧氮分析仪、金相显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱分析对钢中全氧含量和夹杂物进行了分析.结果表明,使用Ti脱氧工艺后,显著降低了钢中全氧含量,提高了钢的洁净度.轧材中尺寸小于5μm的复合夹杂物数目多,夹杂物呈细小弥散分布,大部分夹杂物为含MnS的球形复合夹杂.钛脱氧产物对钢中的硫化物夹杂有明显的弥散作用,显著降低了硫化物、硅酸盐类夹杂的评级.     

稀土Ce对ZA27合金组织和力学性能的影响

在ZA27合金中加入稀土元素Ce,并采用挤压铸造的加工方法，寻求细化组织和提高力学性能的途径.稀土Ce使ZA27合金的晶粒细化，β相和ε相分布更均匀，并且在晶界处生成了不规则的化合物，该化合物包含Zn、Al、Cu、Ce、Mg等元素.随着含Ce量的增加，化合物的数量增多，有少量偏聚成大块.在挤压力作用下，晶界处ε相要少些.添加稀土Ce后，挤压铸造ZA27合金的抗拉强度、伸长率、硬度均有所提高.结果表明，含Ce量为0.15%时挤压铸造ZA27合金组织和力学性能最好.     

退火时间对高强度IF钢组织和性能的影响

采用真空感应炉冶炼钢种,盐浴退火方法来模拟连续退火试验,对不同退火时间(10 ～ 70 min)试样用万能拉伸试验机、激光共聚焦、扫描电镜来测试试样钢的组织和力学性能.结果表明:随着退火时间的延长高强度IF钢的抗拉强度和屈服强度呈现下降并逐渐趋缓,塑性呈现先升高后降低的趋势,当退火时间为50 min时,材料获得良好的综合力学性能.对试验钢进行组织观察发现不同退火时间下得到的组织均为为细小的铁素体,随着退火时间的延长晶粒大小变化不大,但退火时间为50 min的试样组织更为均匀.利用扫描电镜和能谱分析仪观察试样钢中夹杂物主要为氧化铝和稀土的氧硫复杂化合物.     

稀土Ce对船用双相不锈钢S32550夹杂物的影响

通过真空感应炉冶炼S32550实验钢,经锻造、轧制后通过金相显微镜判断其夹杂物的数量、尺寸分布等,通过扫描电镜确定其夹杂物的形貌等.研究表明,钢中添加稀土Ce后硫含量得到显著降低,夹杂物数量先减少后增加,当稀土Ce加入过量时,钢中夹杂物将聚集长大;钢中夹杂物主要由氧化铝转变为稀土类,起到了很好的变质作用;稀土夹杂物的析出过程为Ce_2O_3首先析出,随后Ce2O2S开始析出.     

微量Ce元素对42CrMo易切削钢切削性能的影响

利用扫描电镜、能谱仪、质量分析仪和车削加工等实验方法,对比分析稀土Ce元素对42CrMo易切削钢夹杂物和切削性能的影响。结果表明：Ce元素具有显著的变质夹杂作用,加入0.013%Ce元素后,42CrMo钢中夹杂物类型由MnS和Al₂O₃为主转变为以Ce₂S₃为主,夹杂物数量增多,尺寸减小,具有较小的长径比;细小颗粒状稀土硫化物促进了切削裂纹扩展和显微空洞形成,切屑由以平螺旋屑为主转变为以C形屑为主,切削性能得到明显改善。     

Ca-RE复合处理对薄板钢SS400夹杂物的影响

通过热力学计算、试验测定、金相观察、扫描电镜、能谱分析及背散射衍射分析,系统研究了Ca-RE复合处理对钢中夹杂物的影响.在钢洁净度大幅度提高的条件下,钙与微量稀土稳定地实现了净化钢液、变质夹杂物和微合金化的作用.     

LD-BAr-CC工艺生产低碳铝镇静钢纯净度研究

研究武汉钢铁股份有限公司炼钢总厂四分厂LD-BAr-CC工艺条件下生产的低碳铝镇静钢的纯净度,分析各工艺阶段钢中显微夹杂、大型夹杂以及全氧、氮含量的变化情况。结果表明,在该厂现行工艺条件下,采用吹氩工艺可明显降低钢中夹杂物含量和全氧含量,全氧含量从精炼前的109.30×10-6降至30.75×10-6。各工序中钢的显微夹杂物主要为Al2O3和SiO2,这是脱氧产物和钢液二次氧化产物在钢中的残留物;大型夹杂物主要是Al2O3、SiO2以及硅铝酸盐等复合夹杂,与浮渣的卷入有很大关系。     

一种核级316LN钢的相图计算与微合金化设计

用热力学方法计算了一种核级316LN钢及其在Nb、V微合金化条件下的伪二元平衡相图,研究了不同温度下钢的平衡相组成。结果表明,316LN钢中的主要析出相为Cr2N、M23C6、和相,Nb微合金化316LN钢中会形成含C的MX,有望提高材料的力学性能和耐晶间应力腐蚀性能,V微合金化316LN钢中会形成VN,但对稳定C的作用不大。     

Al/Ce柱撑蒙脱石的制备与结构特征

Al/Ce柱撑蒙脱石可以用不同类型的膨润土阳离子交换来制备。制备的方法是用含铝的氯化物（aluminium-chorohydrate(ACH)）和稀土元素（REE-Ce）盐的混合液进行水热处理（120--160℃的条件下,进行到20-72h.）制备柱化液,再用柱化液与膨润土进行交换反应。对准柱撑蒙脱石进行450-500℃的煅烧后. 其晶层间距为2.41*2.54nm,BET表面积约为430m2/g,水热稳定温度>500℃。柱撑蒙脱石大的晶层间距和表面积是由于大量的REE/Al复合离子进入蒙脱石层间所致。Al/Ce复合离子的形成条件为：高浓度的Al(>3.7M)、适当的OH/Al摩尔比率（>2.5）和适当的Al/Ce 摩尔比率（10--30）。     

Effective Microstructure Unit in Control of Impact Toughness in CGHAZ for High Strength Bridge Steel

The high strength bridge steel was processed with the simulated coarse grain heat affected zone(CGHAZ) thermal cycle with heat input varying from 30 to 60 kJ/cm, the microstructures were investigated by means of optical microscope(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), electron backscattering diffraction(EBSD) and transmission electron microscope(TEM), and the impact properties were evaluated from the welding thermal cycle treated samples. The results indicate that the microstructure is primarily composed of lath bainite. With decreasing heat input, both bainite packet and block are significantly refined, and the toughness has an increasing tendency due to the grain refinement. The fracture surfaces all present cleavage or fracture for the samples with different heat inputs. Moreover, the average cleavage facet size for the CGHAZ is nearly equal to the average bainite packet size and the bainitic packet boundary can strongly impede the crack propagation, indicating that the bainitic packet is the most effective unit in control of impact toughness in the simulated CGHAZ of high strength bridge steel.     

Effect of Nb on the Microstructure and Properties of Cold Rolled and Annealed Mo Microalloyed Bainitic Steel

Two kinds of low carbon bainitic steels,Nb-free Mo bearing and Nb + Mo addition steels,were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of micro-alloying element Nb on the microstructure and properties of Mo microalloyed low carbon high strength bainitic steel. No precipitates were observed in Nb-free Mo bearing steel,whereas,two types of precipitates,i.e.,Nb( C,N) and composite( Nb,Mo)( C,N),were observed in the Nb + Mo microalloyed steel,resulting in precipitation strengthening. The strength of Mo bearing steel was improved by addition of Nb under the same annealing conditions. The grain size of Nb addition steel was almost the same as Nb-free steel. Unlike the obvious grain refinement and precipitation strengthening in hot rolling,the increase in yield strength of Nb addition steels in cold rolling and annealing mainly results from the precipitation strengthening,while the effect of grain refinement strengthening can be almost ignored.     

X100管线钢焊接热影响区组织与韧性研究

采用热模拟试验技术,研究了X100管线钢焊接热影响区的组织与性能变化规律,结果表明：采用高Nb、微Ti设计的低碳X100管线钢的焊接粗晶区经焊接热循环后仍保持良好的韧性。焊接热影响区的脆化区出现在峰值温度为750℃的两相区。沿原奥氏体晶界形成的岛状组织是导致韧性降低的主要原因。     

Process Modeling and Control Simulation for a 500W@4.5K Helium Refrigerator

In order to investigate dynamic behaviors of a 500W@ 4.5K helium refrigerator,the process simulator has been completed. The cryogenic process model is described and main components are customized. The realtime communication between the process model and the control system has been achieved. Compared with the preliminary experimental data,the errors of temperatures during the process of 300 K-80 K are less than 10%.The process model is validated to predict the cool-down process very well. The controller parameters are tuned in simulation and applied to the actual refrigerator suitably. Based on the dynamic simulation,the operation of Joule-Thomson( JT) by pass valve has been optimized. And the cool- down process from 300 K to 4. 5 K has been simulated under the control programs. Simulation results indicate that this dynamic simulator based on actual control architecture is available to process control and operation optimization for the helium refrigerators.     

合金元素Mo对冷轧双相钢组织的影响

分析Mo微合金冷轧双相钢和普通C-Mn冷轧双相钢在不同双相热处理工艺下微观结构,讨论Mo对冷轧双相钢组织变化规律的影响。实验结果表明：当两种双相钢以1700℃／s冷却时,均获得了铁素体、马氏体双相组织,马氏体均匀分布在铁素体基体上,随着加热温度的升高,普通C-Mn双相钢得到的马氏体体积分数多。当以5．4℃／s冷却时,Mo微合金双相钢得到的马氏体体积分数多;当加热到820℃保温结束后以5．4℃／s的速率冷却时,普通C-Mn钢的组织组成相为铁素体、珠光体、马氏体;Mo微合金钢的组织组成相为铁素体、贝氏体、马氏体;Mo对铁素体晶粒的细化作用不明显。     

Composition Optimization of Nb-Ti Microalloyed High Strength Steel

Four Nb-Ti microalloyed steels were refined and rolled to study the composition optimization of Nb-Ti microalloyed steels. The effects of Nb and Ti on the microstructures, precipitates and properties of Nb-Ti microalloyed steel were investigated. The results showed that an increase in Ti content resulted in the appearance of many fine precipitates leading to a strong precipitation strengthening effect. Hence, the yield strength increased. Besides, the increased strength by the combined increase of Nb and Ti was similar to that observed for the increase in Ti content alone. This increase in strength was attributed widely to the increase in the Ti content alone rather than Nb. Moreover, the increase in Nb content beyond 0.036 wt% exerted no significant effect on the strength of Ti-Nb microalloyed steels, in which more Ti could be added to further improve the strength of steels.     

高纯铁素体钢 CGHAZ 组织结构及断口形态

采用光镜、电镜（ＳＥＭ，ＴＥＭ）等对Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ２高纯铁素体不锈钢焊接热影响区粗晶区（ＣＧＨＡＺ）的组织结构、析出物和断口形态进行了研究．结果表明，Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ２铁素体钢ＨＡＺ在经受焊接加热和冷却过程中未发生相变，晶粒粗化是造成ＣＧＨＡＺ韧性下降的主要原因．ＴｉＣ，ＴｉＮ或Ｃｒ２Ｎ等析出物对ＣＧＨＡＺ解理裂纹的产生和扩展有促进作用．严格控制焊接线能量（ｑ／ｖ）对防止Ｃｒ１８Ｍｏ２铁素体钢ＣＧＨＡＺ脆化具有重要的意义．     

热处理温度对贝氏体铸钢性能的影响

采用正交试验的三水平四因素L9（3^4）正交表进行成分优化制备低合金贝氏体铸钢。对低合金贝氏体铸钢热处理温度进行了研究，通过综合分析热处理温度对其性能的影响，确定出了最佳的热处理温度。     

High performance low cost steels with ultrafine grained and multi-phased microstructure

Ultrafine grained ferrite was obtained through tempering cold rolled martensite with an average grain size of 200―400 nm in a low carbon and a microalloyed steel. Thermal and mechanical stability of the two steels was studied. Due to the pinning effect of microalloyed precipitates on the movement of dislocations and grain boundaries, the recrystallization and grain growth rate were retarded, and the thermal stability of ultrafine grained microstructure was improved. The ultrafine grained ferritic steel was ...     

五流大方坯中间包流场优化

针对某钢厂五流大方坯中间包3流铸坯探伤不合格率较高的问题,采用数值模拟方法,研究不同结构中间包钢液的流场。结果表明,该钢厂现使用的中间包结构不合理,近流有短路流出现,且各流差异较大,不利于去除钢液中的夹杂物和提高各流间钢液的均匀性;采用大冲击区,挡墙中墙不开孔、侧墙开4个孔,设置2个坝的中间包结构最佳;中间包结构优化后,消除了近流的短路流,中间包钢液平均停留时间达652.9 s,各流示踪剂浓度的标准差仅为0.011 9,死区体积分数也仅为21.96%,既有利于夹杂物上浮去除,也保证了各流间钢液的均匀性。