关于快速测定腐植酸类有机肥料中氮、磷、钾方法的探讨

本文着重介绍了腐植酸类肥料企业在产品生产过程中进行中控检验的一种新方法－利用NHH－1型土肥测试仪快速测定腐植酸类肥料中的氮、磷、钾，其特点是快速、准确、经济。     

肥料中氮、磷、钾的检测方法与实践经验

介绍常用肥料产品中氮、磷、钾的测定方法与实践经验,对从事肥料的质量检验人员有参考价值。     

有机肥料中氮磷钾测定前处理方法改进研究

为提高有机肥料中氮、磷、钾的测定效率,对有机肥料前处理过程进行了改进,并与农业标准NY525-2012的分析结果进行了比较。结果表明,改进方法与NY525-2012分析结果无显著性差异,可以代替NY525-2012对有机肥料中氮、磷、钾测定时进行前处理。     

沉淀法测定有机肥料中钾含量的方法改进

采用过滤的方法去除加沉淀剂前的杂质沉淀，再在滤液中加沉淀剂四苯硼钠，沉淀试样中的钾离子，可准确、简便测定有机肥料中的钾。     

肥料中氮、磷、钾的自动分析仪测定法

范围 本标准规定了使用自动分析仪测定肥料中氮、磷、钾含量的方法。本标准适用于肥料中氮、磷、钾含量的测定。     

对有机肥料的化学测定方法探析

文章主要从机肥料氮、磷、钾的含量测定方面出发,针对于普通复混肥料厂在有机肥料的测定中出现测氮的时间过长,没有购置分光光度计和火焰光度计等问题进行阐述。从而采取有效的方法对有机肥料的化学测定,以有利于提高各种化学物的分析水平。     

测定有机复混肥中氮,磷,钾含量时的样品处理

生产有机复混肥时,在无机复混肥的原料中加较大量的有机物质,如动物的粪便、骨粉、鱼粉、糖厂滤泥等,这对于改良土壤、增加肥效有较大益处。但我们发现在检测某些含有较大量的有机质的复混肥时,依照ZBG21002专业标准测定氮、磷、钾含量时,会影响测定结果。为此我们对此类复混肥样品进行处理,处理后的试液可供其测定氮、五氧化二磷和氧化钾的含量。     

复混肥ZBG21002—87标准中氮,磷,钾的测定原理及操作要点

本文较详细地介绍了复混肥中氮、磷、钾的测定原理、操作要点和测定中应注意事项。     

腐植酸对氮、磷、钾的吸附和解吸特性研究

通过研究风化煤腐植酸在不同pH值下对氮、磷、钾的吸附和解吸特性,得出结论:(1)在供试的各种pH值(4～8)条件下,随着氮、磷、钾初始处理浓度的增加,腐植酸对其吸附量和解吸量均呈上升趋势,但解吸率均呈下降趋势。(2)在不同pH值的介质溶液中,腐植酸对氮、磷、钾的吸附和解吸特性不尽相同。其中,在碱性条件下,腐植酸对氮的吸附和解吸作用较强;在酸性条件下,腐植酸对磷的吸附和解吸作用较强,而腐植酸对钾的吸附和解吸作用在中性条件下更易发生。(3)腐植酸对氮、磷、钾的等温吸附可用Linear、Langmuir和Freundlich 3个吸附方程来拟合,相关性达显著或极显著水平,但以Freundlich方程为最优。     

复合肥生产过程中氮、磷、钾、水含量快速分析探讨

介绍复合肥料生产过程中中间物料氮、磷、钾、水含量的快速检测方法,并就检测结果和所耗时间与国标检验法进行对比。结果表明,快速检验法检测速度快,准确度高,精密度好。复合肥生产过程中,根据中间物料中氮、磷、钾和水含量进行原料配比和参数调整,可大大减少返料量,提高产品合格率。     

连续流动分析仪法测定有机肥料中五氧化二磷

采用AA3型连续流动分析仪法测定有机肥料中五氧化二磷含量,并与NY525—2012法进行了比较。结果表明,该方法标准曲线相关系数可达1.000 0,加标回收率在99.79%~102.76%,分析结果与NY525—2012法无显著性差异。     

A farm-level evaluation of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use and planting density for pearl millet production in Niger

Mineral fertilizer use is increasing in West Africa though little information is available on yield response in farmers' fields. Farmers in this region plant at low density (average 5,000 pockets ha^–1, 3 plants pocket^–1), which can affect fertilizer use efficiency. A study was conducted with 20 farmers in Niger to assess the response of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] to phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers under farm conditions. In each field, treatments included control, single superphosphate (SSP) only, SSP plus N (point placed near plant), and either SSP or partially acidulated phosphate rock (PAPR) plus N broadcast. N and P were applied at 30 kg N ha^–1 and 30 kg P₂O₅ ha^–1. Farmers were allowed to plant, weed, etc., as they wished and they planted at densities ranging from 2,000 to 12,000 pockets ha^–1. In the absence of fertilizer, increasing density from 2,000 to 7,000 pockets ha^–1 increased yield by 400%. A strong interaction was found between fertilizer use and density. Farmers planting at densities less than 3,500 pockets ha^–1 had average yields of 317 kg grain ha^–1 while those planting at densities higher than 6,500 pockets ha^–1 showed average yields of 977 grain ha^–1. Though phosphate alone increased yields significantly at all densities, little response to fertilizer N was found at densities below 6,000 pockets ha^–1. Significant residual responses in 1987 and 1988 were found to P applied in high-density plots in 1986. Depending on fertilizer and grain prices, analysis showed that fertilizer use must be be combined with high plant density (10,000 pockets ha^–1) or no economic benefit from fertilizer use will be realized.     

有机-无机复混肥中有机质的测定

测定肥料和土壤中有机质的方法有多种 ,通过文献查阅发现 ,用重铬酸钾滴定法测定有机无机复混肥中的有机质是可行的。在 10 0℃条件下氧化有机质可克服尿素干扰。但仍存在需要确定不完全氧化系数的问题     

我国大量元素水溶肥料产业发展现状

根据我国近年来大量元素水溶肥料登记信息,结合大量元素水溶肥料产品技术指标、产品和企业分布情况、产品性状及适宜作物等对其进行了统计分析。2009年1月—2012年9月,我国有效登记的大量元素水溶肥料产品有521个,其中国内产品496个;共涉及生产企业456家,其中国内企业435家,其产品中营养元素以N、P、K、Zn、B组合居多。统计表明,大量元素水溶肥料适用作物已达45种,主要作物品种为番茄、黄瓜、棉花、小白菜、水稻等。笔者还简述了我国大量元素水溶肥料的发展趋势,并提出了相应建议。     

含氮磷高分子肥料的制备和结构研究

水溶性合成高分子聚合物能被微生物分解,是一种优良的土壤改良剂,并对土壤营养元素有良好的吸附作用,可减少元素流失,提高肥效。合成了一种营养元素高分子缓释化肥,将含氮磷的降解水溶性高分子材料引入到化肥领域,并通过实验研究不同的反应工艺条件对高分子肥料结构和含氮磷肥效的影响。     

浅谈我国有机肥的发展

本文简要介绍了有机肥的发展趋势及有机肥的现状。     

现代有机农业与化肥

人们关注有机农业,因为它能生产有机农牧产品;人们也从不同视角议论有机农业。为此讨论什么是有机农业,在现代农业背景下,如何围绕传统、经典有机农业的核心目标（保护生态环境、自然资源和生物多样性,生产洁净、健康的有机产品）,谋求发展较大规模和较高生产力的有机农业,以较多的有机产品满足人们需求。     

Nutrient budgeting for phosphorus and potassium in a long-term fertilizer trial

Influence of N, P and K application through inorganic and organic fertilizers on P and K removal in crop plants, changes in soil fertility status and their balance in the soil-plant (maize-wheat-cowpea fodder) studied for the first 22 years of a long-term experiment at Punjab Agricultural University farm, Ludhiana, India. The results showed that P uptake by wheat was about 1.5 times that of maize, whereas K uptake by wheat was only 1.1 times that of maize. The apparent P recovery by both maize and wheat depended on the rates of N, P and K application. Fertilizer rates greater than the recommended (150% NPK) resulted in lower P recoveries. At optimum level of N, P and K application (100% NPK) the mean P recovery (for 22 years) was 30.3% (±5.47) in wheat as compared to 20% (±11.35) in maize. The apparent P recovery in maize declined as the number of cropping years progressed. In 100% NPK plots, it declined from 45.6% in 1973 to 12.5% in 1992. The decline in P recovery was due to the accumulation of plant available P in the soil which increased from the initially low status to high-very high due to continuous application of P fertilizer. The application of FYM in conjunction with 100% NPK led to significantly greater accumulation of available P as compared to 100% NPK treatment alone despite the higher amount of total P removal in the former treatment than that from the latter. A trifle build-up in available K was observed in K amended plots notwithstanding the negative balance of K based on the approach of input-output relationship. The release of K from non-exchangeable form contributed towards K uptake by the crops. The results suggested the need for modifying the existing K fertilizer recommendations to compensate for gradual loss of native soil K fertility.     

正确认识绿色食品、有机食品与化肥

生产和消费绿色食品、有机食品正在成为我国的一种时尚。本文主要讨论了以下内容 :(1)绿色食品、有机食品的基本意义 ;(2 )绿色食品、有机食品的发展与农业现代化 ;(3)化肥不是农药 ,两者不能同样对待 ;(4)发展绿色食品、有机食品的积极意义和可能面临的问题。笔者认为 ,发展无污染、洁净而面向公众的农产品 ,提高农产品的公众信誉度 ,可能是一个真正的“商机