小长细比制导火箭提高操纵性气动布局研究

为了在保证小长细比火箭具有静稳定性的同时进一步提高操纵性,平衡静稳定度与操纵性的矛盾,在原有弹箭模型基础上加装反安定面后对2种模型进行数值仿真,分析了反安定面对全弹流场以及气动特性的影响。各部件气动分析结果表明:全弹法向力系数提高了2%～3%,静稳定度下降,压心向质心靠近; 全弹法向力使得法向过载提高,全弹机动性得到提高。加装反安定面之后使弹头部法向力提高,在一定攻角范围内上尾舵受洗流干扰严重,使上尾舵法向力效率有所降低,尾部升力减小,降低了静稳定度,两部分同时作用使全弹操纵性显著提高。     

大展弦比轴对称气动布局应用研究

以大展弦比轴对称气动布局为研究对象,通过数学仿真计算和风洞试验得到大展弦比轴对称气动布局的升阻力特性和弹翼受力情况。考虑到弹翼在气动载荷作用下会产生上翻现象,分析了弹翼上翻5°和10°时对全弹升阻力的影响。针对大展弦比气动布局采用折叠式弹翼组件的特点,分析了弹翼展开机构不同步对全弹气动特性的影响。结果表明,弹翼上翻对升力影响较大,对阻力影响可以忽略; 弹翼展开不同步对全弹气动特性影响较小。根据小型无人机载弹作战任务,提出了大展弦比轴对称气动布局在无人机弹药上使用的建议。     

鸭舵形状及位置对制导榴弹气动特性的影响

为提升固定式鸭舵全弹的气动效率,对制导榴弹弹道修正组件进行结构设计以及气动特性分析.基于155 mm口径榴弹设计3种不同形状的鸭舵,利用数值仿真软件对3种舵片进行气动仿真,通过3种设计方案滚转力矩以及升阻比的对比进行优选,并对不同安装位置对气动特性的影响进行分析,得出气动效率相对较好的鸭舵形状以及轴向布局.结果表明:该设计具有一定的工程应用价值,可为基于鸭式舵的简易制导榴弹气动设计提供参考.     

导弹气动弹性稳定性分析

以某导弹为例,从颤振和气动伺服弹性两方面对导弹气动弹性稳定性进行了分析研究.在颤振分析中,开展了全弹结构动特性计算,采用超声速偶极子格网法计算了高超声速非定常气动力,对导弹部件和全弹进行颤振计算分析,对空气舵舵系统刚度设计提出了要求.在气动伺服弹性稳定性分析中,建立了导弹俯仰通道气动伺服弹性运动方程,采用Nyquist方法分析了闭环系统的稳定性和稳定裕度.     

含侧喷流炮弹绕流场及气动特性研究

采用ＴＶＤ有限体积格式,数据模拟了超音速条件下不同飞行Ｍ数据时含侧喷流炮弹绕流,通过对六种情况的计算和对比,表明不同飞行Ｍ数对侧喷流炮弹绕流场和全弹气动特性有较大的影响,该结果对合理地选择火箭侧喷装置的工作时段以达到更好的增程效果有一定意义。     

基于气动/弹道耦合的激波针外形优化研究

为了优化钝形弹头激波针外形设计,在超声速条件下实现显著减小气动阻力,有效提高全弹飞行速度的目的,采用数值模拟方法研究了亚、跨、超声速范围内球头激波针外形参数对减阻效果的影响及其流动机理,并以最大落地速度为优化目标,基于气动/弹道耦合方法对激波针外形参数进行了优化。结果表明:亚、跨声速范围内,由于激波针产生的附加阻力较大,使得全弹阻力系数增大,激波针无减阻效果; 超声速时,激波针的减阻效果明显,且随马赫数的增大,最佳减阻外形的长度增大,半径减小。基于气动/弹道耦合的激波针外形优化方法充分考虑了气动阻力对飞行弹道的影响,优化后全弹落地速度、射程增幅提高10.0%左右。同时,在计算范围内增加激波针对全弹升力特性、静稳定性的影响均较小。     

主动气动起旋离心抛撒技术研究

以子母弹药主动气动起旋离心抛撒子弹药为研究对象,采用气动/运动一体化数值模拟方法对全弹主动气动起旋过程进行动力学仿真,得到母弹主动气动起旋转速与离心抛撒开舱条件;讨论了不同滚转舵偏和前置小翼对主动气动起旋过程的影响;通过子弹药弹道仿真计算,对母弹离心抛撒子弹药的射程、散布面积和散布图形进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:尾舵偏转产生的滚转力矩是影响转速的主要因素,当来流条件和姿态角保持不变时,初始滚转舵偏与全弹转速成正比;在保持纵向操纵性能的前提下,增加尾舵展长并减少弹体表面除尾舵外的其他气动阻尼面可加快全弹的自起旋过程;通过调整母弹的初始滚转舵偏和开舱条件,可以实现子弹药散布面积与散布密度的可控调节。研究结果对主动气动起旋离心抛撒技术在子母战斗部上的应用具有一定的参考意义。     

极小展弦比弹翼气动特性数值研究

为研究极小展弦比弹翼的气动特性,文中设计了展弦比分别为0.3和3.0的极小展弦比翼面和常规三角翼面,采用CFD数值模拟方法分析比较了极小展弦比翼身和三角翼身的气动特性.研究结果表明,极小展弦比翼身相比三角翼身具有较小的轴向力和诱导滚转力矩,但是在大攻角时产生较大的侧向气动力;极小展弦比翼的翼展很小,弹身体涡与翼涡之间产生复杂的相互干扰,影响全弹气动特性.     

极小展弦比翼身组合体大攻角气动特性研究

极小展弦比翼身组合体在大攻角飞行时会形成非对称涡,产生很大的侧向力.为减小侧向力,研究了前体小翼对极小展弦比翼身组合体气动特性的影响.采用有限体积法对极小展弦比翼身组合体流场进行了数值模拟.对比了有无前体小翼翼身组合体气动参数随攻角变化趋势以及空间流场结果,重点分析了前体小翼对侧向力的影响.结果表明,前体小翼的存在可以显著降低全弹的侧向力,并且对全弹的零阻和法向力影响很小.     

固冲导弹零攻角负法向力特性研究

文中对双下侧进气道布局的导弹进行了数值建模,并利用专业流体计算软件对导弹的超音速特性进行了数值模拟,发现在零攻角时全弹法向力为负值,这对长时间巡航的导弹是不利的因素。针对这种现象,文中对各个气动组件进行详细分析,研究其流场特性和负法向力产生的机理,找出全弹法向力为负的原因来源于各气动组件的相互影响,并在结尾给出了适当的优化建议。     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Method for Measuring Velocity of Warhead Fragments Based on Photoelectric Detection

For measuring velocity and impacting position of single fragment of warhead, a non-contact measuring method is proposed, in which a six-light-screen array, a position indicator, a multi-channel chronograph and a computer are used.The principle of measurement is described. The key device of the system is a light screen array sensor which consists of six light screens allocated with certain geometrical parameters. When the fragment flies through the light screen array, the time of passing through each of the screens is recorded by the multi-channel chronograph. According to the time data and the geometrical parameters of the array, the velocity vector and the location of the fragment can be calculated immediately. The presented method can be used to locate the fragment and to measure the real velocity on its flying direction. It can also be used to measure the velocity of a fragment swarm after the system is engineered further.     

数码电子雷管中影响点火头性能因素分析

阐述了数码电子雷管中,点火药剂细结晶三硝基间苯二酚铅（LTNR）的制备工艺;从点火药剂的种类、加入黏合剂的质量分数、桥丝直径、点火头的电阻值、防潮漆的蘸涂等方面对点火头性能的影响因素进行了探讨;通过震动试验、并联起爆试验、延期精度检测与考核,试验结果表明：一次性合成的细结晶LTNR是制造数码电子雷管点火头较为理想的点火药剂,按技术要求生产的点火头性能指标能够满足行业标准要求。     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Influence of Installing Error on the Surface Shape Precision of the Axial Symmetry Aspheric Workpiece in Lapping

A method to calculate the surface shape error, which is caused by the installing error between the workpiece and the lapping tool in the process of form lapping, is proposed. The mathematical model which the installing translation error influences on the workpiece surface shape error is established. The changing rule of the error is simulated through the calculating example of the paraboloid workpiece. The results indicate that the surface shape error of the workpiece is increasing with the increase of the installing translation error, it is also increasing gradually along the center point of the curve surface to the edge, and the influence is severer to the curve surface with great curvature than that of the small curvature when the translation error is the same.