UML顺序图的自动验证

UML顺序图反映了系统中并发对象之间的消息交互及顺序,在软件建模中占有重要地位。该文对UML顺序图模型的自动验证方法进行了研究,在把UML顺序图转换为Promela语言后,使用模型检验器SPIN来验证系统设计模型是否满足某些关键性质需求。为了加强该方法的适用性,采用可扩展的标记语言XML文件格式定义顺序图模型的外部表示形式,该表示方法遵从OMG的XMI标准,从而使验证过程适用于不同的UML建模环境。     

Semantic and structural similarities between XML Schemas for integration of ubiquitous healthcare data

Currently, a lot of recent electronic health records are based on XML documents. In order to integrate these heterogeneous XML medical documents efficiently, studies on finding structure and semantic similarity between XML Schemas have been exploited. The main problem is how to harvest the most appropriate relatedness to combine two schemas as a global XML Schema for reusing and referring purposes. In this paper, we propose the novel resemblance measure that concurrently considers both structural and semantic information of two specific healthcare XML Schemas. Specifically, we introduce new metrics to compute the datatype and cardinality constraint similarities, which improve the quality of the semantic assessment. On the basis of the similarity between each element pair, we put forward an algorithm to calculate the similarity between XML Schema trees. Experimental results lead to the conclusion that our methodology provides better similarity values than the others with regard to the accuracy of semantic and structure similarities.     

MDA-based visual modeling approach for resources link relationships using UML profile

Current XML editors do not provide conceptual modeling for XLink. This leads to inefficient development processes, and a low potential for reuse. To address these shortcomings, this study presents a Model Driven Architecture (MDA) approach with the UML profile to build XLink applications for various domains. This investigation demonstrates how users can use the UML profile to provide a conceptual and visual modeling for XLink applications, and automatically generate different XLink-based documents for various domains. The proposed methodology enables Web-based system developers to generate relationships between resources, and to improve software quality by adopting software engineering techniques in XML development.     

基于活动图的OWL-S过程模型的图形化建模及实现

用可扩展标记语言(XML)对Web服务合成的描述,存在着描述的复杂性高和不易于用户理解的问题。本文采用基于模型驱动框架(MDA)方法,利用UML活动图对OWL-S的过程模型进行图形化建模,实现了对Web服务合成的描述,并通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

Synthesizing object life cycles from business process models

Unified modeling language (UML) activity diagrams can model the flow of stateful business objects among activities, implicitly specifying the life cycles of those objects. The actual object life cycles are typically expressed in UML state machines. The implicit life cycles in UML activity diagrams need to be discovered in order to derive the actual object life cycles or to check the consistency with an existing life cycle. This paper presents an automated approach for synthesizing a UML state machine modeling the life cycle of an object that occurs in different states in a UML activity diagram. The generated state machines can contain parallelism, loops, and cross-synchronization. The approach makes life cycles that have been modeled implicitly in activity diagrams explicit. The synthesis approach has been implemented using a graph transformation tool and has been applied in several case studies.     

Semantic constraint specification and verification of ebXML business process specifications

Electronic Business using eXtensible Markup Language (ebXML) Business Process Specification Schema (BPSS) supports the specification of the set of elements required to configure a runtime system in order to execute a set of ebXML business transactions. The BPSS is available in two stand-alone representations; a UML version and an XML version. Due to the limitations of UML notations and XML syntax, however, the current ebXML BPSS specification is insufficient to formally specify semantic constraints of modeling elements. In this study, we propose a classification scheme for BPSS semantic constraints, and describe how to represent those semantic constraints formally using Object Constraint Language. As a way to verify a particular Business Process Specification (BPS) with formal semantic constraint modeling, we suggest a rule-based approach to represent the formal semantic constraints, and describe a detail mechanism to apply the rule-based specified constraints to the BPS in a prototype implementation.     

Constructing ontologies by mining deep semantics from XML Schemas and XML instance documents

With the development of the Semantic Web and Artificial Intelligence techniques, ontology has become a very powerful way of representing not only knowledge but also their semantics. Therefore, how to construct ontologies from existing data sources has become an important research topic. In this paper, an approach for constructing ontologies by mining deep semantics from eXtensible Markup Language (XML) Schemas (including XML Schema 1.0 and XML Schema 1.1) and XML instance documents is proposed. Given an XML Schema and its corresponding XML instance document, 34 rules are first defined to mine deep semantics from the XML Schema. The mined semantics is formally stored in an intermediate conceptual model and then is used to generate an ontology at the conceptual level. Further, an ontology population approach at the instance level based on the XML instance document is proposed. Now, a complete ontology is formed. Also, some corresponding core algorithms are provided. Finally, a prototype system is implemented, which can automatically generate ontologies from XML Schemas and populate ontologies from XML instance documents. The paper also classifies and summarizes the existing work and makes a detailed comparison. Case studies on real XML data sets verify the effectiveness of the approach.     

A formal and visual modeling approach to choreography based web services composition and conformance verification

Web services have emerged as the building blocks of a service-oriented architecture that supports not only enterprise application integration (EAI) and business process management (BPM) within an organization but also B2B collaboration based on business process integration. The web services choreography approach to B2B process integration allows business partners to orchestrate their own web services privately, while conforming with an agreed specification of the common ordering conditions and constraints under which messages are exchanged among partners’ web services. In this approach, choreography conformance is an essential requirement for the successful implementation of collaborative processes. A formal approach to web services composition and conformance verification based on WS-CDL and WS-BPEL is presented. This approach involves model checking as an automated means of verifying choreography conformance. The main contributions include a precise notion of choreography conformance on which verification is based as well as support for the complementary use of visual modeling (e.g. UML) and standard WS-¹ notations in composition.     

基于IRCFG覆盖的UML顺序图测试方法

本文提出了一个基于UML顺序图产生测试序列的方法。根据UML顺序图中消息控制条件,使用函数间约束的控制流图（IRCFG）描述出UML顺序图中的消息事件序列。首先,分析UML顺序图的消息控制条件,构造与其相等价的IRCFG图;然后,根据测试覆盖准则采用类似完全IRCFG路径覆盖方法来产生测试序列。在文中还通过一个实例说明该方法的实现过程,进一步阐述该方法的可行性。     

Exploiting Visual Languages Generation and UML Meta Modeling to Construct Meta-CASE Workbenches

In the paper we propose an approach for the construction of meta-CASE workbenches. The approach is based on the technology of visual language generation systems and on UML meta modeling. Visual modeling environments are generated starting from UML class diagrams specifying abstract syntax of the underlying visual language. The meta-CASE generates a workbench by integrating a set of visual modeling environments through inter-consistency constraints defined on the corresponding UML class diagrams.     

Evolution of Business Documents Based on UN/CEFACT's Core Components

Standardized business documents are a prerequisite for successful information exchange in electronic business transactions. The United Nations Centre for Trade Facilitation and eBusiness (UN/CEFACT) provides a conceptual modeling approach, called Core Components, used by Business Partners (BPs) for defining business document models (BDMs). BDMs are essential for defining service interfaces in service-oriented systems. However, in such a highly dynamic environment with ever-changing market demands, BPs are confronted with the need to revise their BDMs resulting in a multitude of different versions. BPs may dictate the use of new versions of BDMs, but small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) may not always adopt new BDM versions due to the cost and effort involved, inhibiting automated electronic information exchange. In this article, we propose a framework including (i) a classification of the impact of changes in BDMs, (ii) evolution templates for the automated transformation of business documents between different BDM versions, and (iii) mitigation strategies for evolutions where fully-automated and semantic-preserving transformations are not feasible. Having such a framework at hand provides SMEs with a low-cost and light-weight approach for dealing with evolving market requirements and hence evolving business documents. Finally, we analyze the evolution of UN/CEFACT''s Cross Industry Invoice which has been mandated to be used for electronic invoicing within the European Union as well as present a critical discussion of the evolution templates defined.     

PDM system implementation based on UML

The paper deals with a Unified Modeling Language (UML)-based approach for implementing Product Data Management (PDM) system. Such kind of system enables the management of the entire product lifecycle and related information about its design, its manufacturing and its in-service.

The interest of using an UML-based approach for modeling, specifying and implementing PDM systems is detailed. Then an implementation method is proposed in order to clarify the instantiation of UML diagrams into database entities. Regarding a business case study based on the needs of a turboprop aircraft development project, the preliminary implementation of PDM system is presented. The used UML diagrams for the modeling and integration of product, process, and resource data is detailed in order to argue the interest of an object-oriented approach in such kind of PDM implementation.     

XML schema language: taking XML to the next level

Schemas add data typing and inheritance features, giving XML the sophistication required to create enterprise-class business applications. The XML schema language describes the legal structure, content, and constraints of XML documents. The XML schema language provides the necessary framework for creating XML documents by specifying the valid structure, constraints, and data types for the various elements and attributes of an XML document. Schema language provides enhanced as well as more comprehensive and powerful features than a document type definition (DTD). The XML schema language provides the rich data typing associated with ordinary programming languages. The W3C XML schema specification defines several different built-in data types, such as string, integer, Boolean, date, and time, among others. The specification also provides the capability for defining new types. Developers can use these built-in as well as user-defined data types to effectively define and constrain XML document attributes and element values     

Evolution of XML schemas and documents from stereotyped UML class models: A traceable approach

Context

UML and XML are two of the most commonly used languages in software engineering processes. One of the most critical of these processes is that of model evolution and maintenance. More specifically, when an XML schema is modified, the changes should be propagated to the corresponding XML documents, which must conform with the new, modified schema.

Objective

The goal of this paper is to provide an evolution framework by which the XML schema and documents are incrementally updated according to the changes in the conceptual model (expressed as a UML class model). In this framework, we include the transformation and evolution of UML profiles specified in UML class models because they are widely used to capture domain specific semantics.

Method

We have followed a metamodeling approach which allowed us to achieve a language independent framework, not tied to the specific case of UML-XML. Besides, our proposal considers a traceability setting as a key aspect of the transformation process which allows changes to be propagated from UML class models to both XML schemas and documents.

Results

As a general framework, we propose a Generic Evolution Architecture (GEA) for the model-driven engineering context. Within this architecture and for the particular case of the UML-to-XML setting, our contribution is a UML-to-XML framework that, to our knowledge, is the only approach that incorporates the following four characteristics. Firstly, the evolution tasks are carried out in a conceptual model. Secondly, our approach includes the transformation to XML of UML profiles. Thirdly, the proposal allows stereotyped UML class models to be evolved, propagating changes to XML schemas and documents in such a way that the different elements are kept in synch. Finally, we propose a traceability setting that enables evolution tasks to be performed seamlessly.

Conclusions

Generic frameworks such as that proposed in this paper help to reduce the work overload experienced by software engineers in keeping different software artifacts synchronized.     

基于UML顺序图测试用例的生成

在分析UML模型可测试性的基础上,提出一种基于UML顺序图模型生成分布式系统测试用例方法,以系统软件配置项为对象对分布式应用典型场景进行模拟,通过解析MDL文件给出对顺序图XML的建模方案,实现一个自动生成分布式系统测试用例工具。实验结果表明,生成的测试用例达到判定覆盖的标准,具有良好的应用前景。     

数据建模的XML应用研究

介绍了利用UML技术对XML进行数据建模的一些方法和建模原则，主要分为静态和动态两种建模方式进行阐述，同时，围绕一个网上音乐书店的信息建模和XML文档设计进行分析和实现。     

UML Statechart图的操作语义

面向对象标准建模语言UML(unified modeling language)缺乏精确的动态语义.根据UML1.1语义文档,提出描述对象状态机的UML Statechart图的形式化操作语义.该语义覆盖了UML Statechart图的绝大部分特征,为UML Statechart图的代码产生、模拟和测试用例生成奠定了基础.根据上述语义,基于Rose98完成了UML Statechart图的测试用例生成和测试过程的模拟.     

基于模式匹配的XML自动转换技术

XML的自描述性、可扩展性等特点使得XML非常适用于异构域数据的交换,以XML作为数据交换格式需要XML转换技术的强力支持。为实现异构域XML文档自动转换,提出一种XML Schema模式匹配方法,建立了模式元素之间的映射关系。该映射关系文件可翻译成XSLT脚本,实现XML文档的自动转换;实验结果证明了该方法具有较高的查准率和查全率。     

Converting XML DTDs to UML diagrams for conceptual data integration

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is fast becoming the new standard for data representation and exchange on the World Wide Web, e.g., in B2B e-commerce. Modern enterprises need to combine data from many sources in order to answer important business questions, creating a need for integration of web-based XML data. Previous web-based data integration efforts have focused almost exclusively on the logical level of data models, creating a need for techniques that focus on the conceptual level in order to communicate the structure and properties of the available data to users at a higher level of abstraction. The most widely used conceptual model at the moment is the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

This paper presents algorithms for automatically constructing UML diagrams from XML DTDs, enabling fast and easy graphical browsing of XML data sources on the web. The algorithms capture important semantic properties of the XML data such as precise cardinalities and aggregation (containment) relationships between the data elements. As a motivating application, it is shown how the generated diagrams can be used for the conceptual design of data warehouses based on web data, and an integration architecture is presented. The choice of data warehouses and On-Line Analytical Processing as the motivating application is another distinguishing feature of the presented approach.     

基于UML的医院信息系统建模

UML是一种面向对象的建模语言,能够将用户的业务需求映射为模型,可大大提高系统的开发效率和扩展性。运用UML用例图、时序图、协作图、状态图、活动图等表示方法,对医院信息系统HIS的需求和业务流程进行分析与设计,准确地表达系统的功能需求,有效解决了HIS的需求分析和业务建模问题,为下一步的总体设计奠定了良好的基础。