以不粘煤为原料用水煤气型两段炉生产城市煤气工业试验

以不粘煤为原料，在运行的Φ３．３ｍ水煤气型两段炉上进行了工业试验，论述了试验过程，原料煤煤质化验及煤气产量、质量、热值等。试验结果：以不粘煤为原料生产城市煤气是可行的，煤气产率为１２０５Ｎｍ￣３／ｔ；煤气热值为１２．０６ＭＪ／Ｎｍ￣３。     

灵武煤的两段炉气化

介绍了以灵武煤为原料，在Φ３．３ｍ水煤气两段炉上进行的工业性试验。试验结果表明，采用两段炉工艺生产民用煤气是可行的，煤气产量为１２０５ｍ￣３／ｔ，煤气热值为１２．１５ＭＪ／Ｎｍ￣３。     

以不粘煤为原料用水煤气型两段炉生产城市煤气

以不粘煤为原料，在运行的Φ３．３ｍ水煤气型两段炉上进行了工业试验，论述了试验过程，原料煤煤质化验及煤气产量、质量、热值。试验结果：以不粘煤为原料生产城市煤气是可行的。煤气产率为１２０５ｍ＾３／ｔ，煤气产量为２９８３ｍ＾３／ｈ，煤气热值为１２．０６ＭＪ／ｍ＾３。     

提高精炼气质量一法

提高精炼气质量一法我厂合成氨生产能力为２万ｔ／ａ，精炼工段采用７００铜塔，内装阶梯型塑料，配备２台１０ｍ３、１台４ｍ３铜泵，设备能力是够宽余的。但由于近两年来，煤气中硫化氢含量较高（脱硫前３￣４ｇ／ｍ３），脱硫后有超指标现象，造成铜液中硫化铜沉析。虽...     

干燥塔金属丝网除沫器在低气速下的实践和认识

干燥塔金属丝网除沫器在低气速１．６９ｍ／ｓ下操作，仍能得到理想的酸雾指标（０．００９２／ｍ￣３）。其可能性通过简要的理论计算加以说明。     

三相气提升循环流化床处理焦化废水

实验室规模的研究表明，用三相气提升内循环流化床反应器（ＡＩＬＲ）处理焦化污水比活性污泥法为优。其处理负荷高，ＣＯＤ的进水负荷为１３ｋｇ／ｄ·ｍ＾３，ＣＯＤ去除的容积负荷可达到７ｋｇ／ｄ·ｍ＾３。ＡＩＬＲ对酚、氰等污染物的耐受力强、去除效果好并具有较低的曝气能耗；其ＣＯＤ去除率为５４．４％￣７６％，酚去除率为９９．５％￣９９．８％，氰去除率为９５％￣９９．２％；曝气能耗是活性污泥法的１／３￣１／４。     

发展低热值煤气应注意的问题

<正> 一、前言“七五”期间国家加快了发展城市煤气事业,在多种气源、因地制宜、合理利用能源的方针指导下,城市燃气事业有了较大的发展。我国城市现有气源种类较多,主要有焦炉煤气、直立式炭化炉煤气、重油裂解气、天然气、液化石油气和矿井气等。这类气源热值高,CO含量低,使用较安全。但使用这类气源受到投资和     

常压流化床水煤气炉运行总结

总结了金成煤气站投产半年来的经验。结果表明，煤气热值稳定在１０．２９ＭＪ／ｍ＾３以上，一氧化碳含量控制在２０％以内，原料煤种范围宽，煤气中的焦油和酚含量低，煤气的材料成本为０．２０２元／ｍ＾３。     

浆液循环锥形鼓泡塔反应器的相含率研究

在浆液循环条件下，考察了以空气、水和石英砂为三相体系的锥形鼓泡塔反应器（Φ顶２００ｍｍ，Φ底１００ｍ，高３０００ｍｍ）中的相含率及固体颗粒浓度轴向分布。使用压降法和颗粒同步取样方法测量了不同表现气速（０￣０．１２５ｍ／ｓ），表现浆液循环速（０￣０．１５７ｍ／ｓ）以及固体颗粒浓度０￣１００ｋｇ／ｍ＾３下相含率分布，并用园柱床的一维沉降－扩散模型近似地描述了固体颗粒辆向浓度分布的规律。在此基础上，本文     

秦皇岛市煤气厂外排含酚废水处理的设计简介

秦皇岛市煤气厂外排含酚废水处理的设计简介包头钢铁设计研究院秦皇岛分部李立青一、工程概况秦皇岛市煤气厂为城市提供民用煤气。从法国ＬＧＩＥ公司引进三台３．６０ｍ水煤气型二段炉，配套设施为国产设备。设计为二开一备，日产煤气量２３×１０４ｍ３／ｄ。于１９９３...     

化工仪表及自动化的发展概况

化工生产过程自动化是一门综合性的技术学科，它是利用自动控制器仪表学科，以及计算机学科的理论与技术，服务于化学工程学科的。     

寄生杂草大花菟丝子化学防除的研究

在花菟丝子的“吸器再生”初期和旺盛生长期,进行了化学防除大花菟丝子的除草剂筛选试验,结果表明：０．３６％～０．７２％止芽素或０．０２％～０．０５％的草甘脾能有效地防除大花菟丝子的“越冬吸器”及其再生茎灾,０．０５％～０．５％草甘膦,０．０２％～０．０５％甲磺隆和０．３６％～０．７２％止牙素能防除大花菟丝子的藤茎且对寄主安全。     

滇木姜子化学成分初步研究

目的:研究樟科植物滇木姜子Litsea rubescensLec.var.yunnanensis的化学成分,为其资源开发利用提供依据。方法:采用75%的酒精提取,硅胶层析法分离,结合重结晶方法纯化化合物,根据其理化方法和波谱数据分析进行化合物结构鉴定。结果:从滇木姜子中分离得到4个已知化合物,分别为三十烷酸(triacontanoic acid I),二十六烷酸(hexacosoic acidⅡ)胡萝卜苷(DaucostenolⅢ),β-谷甾醇(-βsitosterolⅣ)。     

Highly efficient green synthesis of highly pure microporous nanosilica from silicomanganese slag

Highly pure nanosilica was synthesized through a facile hydrometallurgy-based method from silicomanganese slag as a low cost silica source. The synthesis route included short-term nitric acid dissolution at room temperature, gelation, washing, drying, and calcination steps. The experimental dissolution conditions resulted in a dissolution efficiency of 98%. The crystalline structure, chemical composition, chemical bonding, microstructure and elemental analyses, particle size distribution, and surface area of the extracted silica were then studied by appropriate characterization techniques. The characterization findings indicated that the amorphous silica particles had a microporous nature with an average particle size of ~24 nm, exhibiting a high purity of more than 99% and a high specific surface area of ~474 m² g^?1. The overall results indicated that the proposed synthesis route is a promising feasible alternative method to produce highly pure microporous nanosilica from a low cost secondary resource. The proposed method can treat 98% of the slag and uses less chemicals than conventional methods and is therefore a greener nanosilica production process. The current process also competes with the traditional process and other recently introduced processes in terms of process economy and the quality of the produced product.     

延胡索的化学成分及质量标准研究

延胡索临床主要用于活血、理气、止痛。为探究延胡索的化学成分及延胡索质量标准化研究的方法,在大量文献的基础上,综述了延胡索的化学成分及质量标准的实验研究概况。     

Dry adhesion study of polyester/melamine clear coats on galvanized steel

The dry adhesion strength of polyester/melamine clear coats varying in their branching degrees were applied on galvanized steel panels and investigated by pull-off and T-bend testing. It was found that pull-off tensile adhesion is mainly dominated by the type of coating and less influenced by the pretreatment of the substrate. In contrast, the critical T-bend strain is mainly affected by the surface treatment of the galvanized layer with higher stiffness but lower ductility compared to the clear coat. Pull-off tensile strength at room temperature is correlating with the glass transition temperature T_g and a strong viscoelastic contribution is ascribed to the work of adhesion. Samples with adhesive as well as cohesive failure modes were further investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to determine the interfacial chemistry. Angle-resolved XPS data suggest that the nitrogen from the melamine crosslinker plays a decisive role for the adhesion of the coatings. Regarding the melamine distribution a micro- and a nanostructural effect has to be considered: while maximum melamine concentrations over coating depth are usually found in the bulk region of these clear coats, this work proposes that the remaining melamine at the interface segregates towards the metallic substrate.     

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of MoS2 nanosheets/C hybrid microspheres

Uniform MoS₂ nanosheets/C hybrid microspheres with mean diameter of 320 nm have been successfully synthesized via a facile one-pot hydrothermal route by sodium molybdate reacting with sulfocarbamide in d-glucose solutions. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). XRD patterns showed that the MoS₂ was kept as a two-dimensional nanosheet crystal and C was retained as amorphous even after their annealing treatment at 800 °C. TEM and SEM images indicated that the MoS₂ nanosheets were uniformly dispersed in the amorphous carbon. The experiment results also revealed that the appropriate amount of d-glucose had an obvious effect on the formation of uniform MoS₂ nanosheets/C hybrid microspheres. A possible formation process of MoS₂ nanosheets/C hybrid microspheres was preliminarily presented.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchical hydroxyapatite: Preparation, growth mechanism and drug release property

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) hierarchical microspheres were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method using calcium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate through controlling complexing agents. The influences of two kinds of complexing agents (potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate and trisodium citrate) and reaction time on the morphology of HAP crystals have been investigated. These results indicate that complexing agents have a great influence on the morphology of HAP. When potassium sodium tartrate tetrahydrate was used as complexing agent, HAP flowers were composed of the network of nanosheet building blocks. Well-crystallized HAP dandelions with nanorods radiating from the center can be obtained by the introduction of trisodium citrate. Broader XRD diffraction peaks imply a nanometer scale size. Based on XRD and SEM results, the formation mechanism of HAP crystals has been discussed. The hierarchically structured HAP microspheres were explored as drug carriers. The results indicate that HAP flowers and dandelions showed a favorable sustained release property for ibuprofen; thus, they are very promising for application in drug delivery.     

Synthesis of pure phase BiFeO3 powders in molten alkali metal nitrates

Pure phase BiFeO₃ powders were successfully synthesized in molten alkali metal nitrates (KNO₃–NaNO₃) at 500 °C. The as-prepared BiFeO₃ had a rhombohedral structure which was studied using X-ray diffraction. The plate-like morphologies were investigated through scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The average length and width of BiFeO₃ plates were 400 and 200 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanism of formation of BiFeO₃ was also discussed through X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and mass spectrometry.     

Synthesis of flower-like 3D ZnO microstructures and their size-dependent ethanol sensing properties

Flower-like 3D ZnO microstructures constructed from nanorods of different sizes were prepared by a microwave hydrothermal (MH) process in the presence of o-, m- and p-nitrobenzoic acid, respectively. Well-crystallized flower-like ZnO microstructures were obtained after 10 min MH treatment. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) test indicated that all the products were consistent with the hexagonal ZnO phase, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation revealed that the flower-like 3D ZnO microstructures were built with sword-like nanorods 60-100 nm in width and several micrometers in length. The formation mechanism of these flower-like 3D ZnO microstructures is discussed briefly. The gas sensitivity of the as-prepared ZnO microstructures to ethanol at different operation temperatures and concentrations was also studied. The results indicated that the gas sensitivity of the ZnO microstructures was influenced by the particle size and microcosmic configuration, the larger particles with crowded nanorods having higher gas sensitivity.