企业测量管理体系现场监督审核与认证审核的不同之处

为了保证测量管理体系认证工作的有效性．规范已取得认证证书企业的测量管理体系的持续改进．2006年1月．中启计量体系认证中心提出对已经取得测量管理体系认证证书的企业实施年度监督审核．并制定了《测量管理体系年度监督审核规范》。刚开始实施监督审核时．笔者作为审核员就像对待认证审核时一样．根据GB／T19022—2003idtISO10012：2003《测量管理体系测量过程和测量设备的要求》及《测量管理体系认证技术标准》（注：此标准与JJF1112—2003《计量检测体系确认规范》的内容完全相同．     

过程方法审核的二阶段现场审核思路

二阶段现场审核是整个审核活动的重心,为实现审核的有效性与增值,需要有系统的审核思路,本文就二阶段现场审核的思路做简单的介绍。     

乐凯华光质量环境管理体系通过年度审核

据悉,乐凯华光质量管理体系和环境管理体系于2010年12月15日通过监督审核,继续使用质量和环境管理体系认证证书。     

如何做好出入境检验检疫局的认证审核

地方出入境检验检疫局(以下简称地方局)隶属于国家质检总局,实行垂直管理体制,负责所在地区出入境卫生检疫、动植物检疫和进出口商品检验、鉴定、认证和监督管理等工作。根据国家质检总局的要求,地方局近年来陆续建立了质量管理体系,部分地方局还通过了第三方认证机构的认证审核。通过质量管理体系的有效运行,规范了地方局业务执行流程,减少和避免了行政行为的随意性,提高了管理质量和服务水平。     

内部审核如何审核组织领导层

内部审核是一个组织的质量管理体系保持正常有效运行并发现改进机会不断提高的重要过程。内部审核能否按计划正常、有效地实施也是一个组织是否具有自我完善机制的主要证据。因此94年版、2000年版的ISO 9001标准中都把“内部审核”非为一个单独要素或条款列出。在国内、外的认证机构初审和其后的监督检查中也把“内审”列为必查条款。     

航空运输企业附件质量动态监控与审核模式研究

飞机附件的质量直接关系到航空器的安全性和可靠性,也影响着航空公司的服务水平和运行成本。飞机附件质量的管理是涉及到供应链的整个环节,包括航空公司和供应商,随着航空公司机队规模扩大,机型的增多,飞机附件的种类和数量、信息量也随着增大,现有的管理手段也就需要改进,飞机附件质量的动态监控可以充分利用所有信息,掌握附件质量的变化趋势,采用审核方式,提前发现需要改进的方面,持续改进。本文将研究如何结合民用航空运输业的特点,建立附件质量动态监控与审核模式,在比较本模式与现有手段所具有的优势特性后,分析附件质量管理的整体过程,研究过程管理的要求,并以此为理论基础,构建附件质量动态监控和质量审核模式。     

ISO19011—2002质量及环境管理体系审核指南（下）

7.审核员的能力和评价 7.1 总则审核过程中的可信性和可靠性决定于实施这些审核的能力。这种能力是基于以下证实:——本标准7.2节所描述的人员素质: ——应用7.3节中所述的知识和技能的能力,这种知识和技能是通过7.4节中所述的教育,工作经验,审核员培训和审核实践而获得的。这种审核员能力的概念在图4中作了说明,在第7.3节描述的某些知识和技能对质量和环境管理体系是通用的,另一些是单独的审核员培训专用的。审核员的发展、保持和提高其能力是通过持续的专业发展和在审核中规范地参与而获得的。对于审核员和审核组长的评价过程见7.6节的说明。     

企业测量管理体系现场审核中的共性问题

笔者在参与部分企业的测量管理体系现场审核过程中发现了一些比较有共性或有代表性的问题和现象.现结合笔者对GB/T19022-2003 idt ISO10012: 2003<测量管理体系测量过程和测量设备的要求>的理解以及对企业计量管理工作的认识做一些分析.旨在与同行商榷.     

钻孔灌注桩施工过程中的现场监控

由于钻孔灌注桩的施工环节多、技术要高、工艺较复杂,任何一个环节没有控制好将直接影响成桩后的桩身质量甚至影响整个工程的质量及进度。本文提出了施工人员在整个钻孔灌注桩施工过程中应加以注意的要点。     

机动车超速监测系统现场测速误差检定装置研制

为更准确地检测机动车超速监测系统现场测速误差,以社会车辆为目标速度源,在机动车超速监测系统的临近位置,架设更高精度的测速装置,对相同速度监测和图像采集区域内的社会车辆,进行同步测量和同步图像采集,通过对比两者的速度量值实现对超速监测系统的检定校准。该装置用于检定道路超速监测系统的速度量值线性与误差,可以测量足够多的社会车辆样本,重点选取限速点附近的速度测量值进行对比分析。装置安装简单,使用方便,可以大幅提升检定效率与操作安全性。     

行政程序法上的行政参与原则

对行政参与原则进行了基础性研究,阐释了行政参与的概念与特征,解析了行政参与原则的法律 意义,揭示了该原则确立的社会根由.     

Underground pollution travel from leach pits of on-site sanitation facilities: a case study

A long-term field study was undertaken under different hydro-geological conditions at some locations of the state of West Bengal (India) to understand the phenomenon of underground pollution movement, and to assess safe horizontal distance of water sources from on-site sanitation leach pits. The study showed that pollution travel from leach pits, both in horizontal and vertical directions, is dependent on soil type, permeability, hydraulic gradient, grain size, and position of groundwater table with respect to the leach pits. A minimum travel of pollutant of 2.055 m was found in clayey silt soil, whereas a maximum travel of 10.20 m was observed in gravel–sand composition of soils in 10-day period. The study also demonstrated that clay envelop around leach pit arrests the movement of pollutant (both chemical and bacteriological) to a considerable extent. In the present study, graphical technique has been suggested for estimating underground travel of bacteriological contamination under given soil composition.     

Sensitive gas analysis system on a microchip and application for on-site monitoring of NH3 in a clean room

A portable, highly sensitive, and continuous ammonia gas monitoring system was developed with a microfluidic chip. The system consists of a main unit, a gas pumping unit, and a computer which serves as an operation console. The size of the system is 45 cm width × 30 cm depth × 30 cm height, and the portable system was realized. A highly efficient and stable extraction method was developed by utilizing an annular gas/liquid laminar flow. In addition, a stable gas/liquid separation method with a PTFE membrane was developed by arranging a fluidic network in three dimensions to achieve almost zero dead volume at the gas/liquid extraction part. The extraction rate was almost 100% with a liquid flow rate of 3.5 μL/min and a gas flow rate of 100 mL/min (contact time of ~15 ms), and the concentration factor was 200 times by calculating the NH(3) concentration (w/w unit) in the gas and liquid phases. Stable phase separation and detection was sustained for more than 3 weeks in an automated operation, which was sufficient for the monitoring application. The lower limit of detection calculated based on a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 84 ppt, which showed good detectability for NH(3) analysis. We believe that our system is a very powerful tool for gas analysis due to the advantages of portable size, high sensitivity, and continuous monitoring, and it is particularly useful in the semiconductor field.     

浅谈产品质量审核在企业检验和试验中的规范实施

产品质量审核,也称产品审核,是整个质量审核的主要组成;是确认检验和试验活动以及相关的质量活动和它们的结果是否符合计划的安排,以及这些安排是否有效地实施并适合于达到预定目标的、有系统的、独立的检查。产品质量审核是对检验和试验等“把关”活动的检查和评价,也是对检验和试验活动的符合性和有效性的检查和评价,而不是对产品的符合性和适用性的检查和评价,也不对产品质量监督。本文仅就产品审核中涉及检验和试验的规范实施工作程序,概述其重点。     

Development of an array of ion-selective microelectrodes aimed for the monitoring of extracellular ionic activities

In this study, we present the development and the characterization of a generic platform for cell culture able to monitor extracellular ionic activities (K+, NH4+) for real-time monitoring of cell-based responses, such as necrosis, apoptosis, or differentiation. The platform for cell culture is equipped with an array of 16 silicon nitride micropipet-based ion-selective microelectrodes with a diameter of either 2 or 6 microm. This array is located at the bottom of a 200-microm-wide and 350-microm-deep microwell where the cells are cultured. The characterization of the ion-selective microelectrode arrays in different standard and physiological solutions is presented. Near-Nernstian slopes were obtained for potassium- (58.6 +/- 0.8 mV/pK, n = 15) and ammonium-selective microelectrodes (59.4 +/- 3.9 mV/pNH4, n = 13). The calibration curves were highly reproducible and showed an average drift of 4.4 +/- 2.3 mV/h (n = 10). Long-term behavior and response after immersion in physiological solutions are also presented. The lifetime of the sensors was found to be extremely long with a high recovery rate.