Optimal distribution of oil products in oil tanks based on qualitative determination in the tanks

An analytic expression for the optimal distribution of oil products in oil tanks that minimizes the measurement error of the total mass of the oil products in the tanks is determined. A simple algorithm for implementing the optimal distribution which is easy to use in selecting an optimal variant is developed. Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 1, pp. 27–30, January, 1998.     

Instruments for measuring oil products

Measurement Techniques -     

储油罐液位巡检系统研制

研制了一种基于磁致伸缩原理的油罐液位测量和多点巡检系统,该系统包括液位计、巡检仪、上位机软件.介绍了该系统的设计原理,探讨了影响液位计准确度的因素,并对系统的现场总线结构、通讯模式和协议进行了阐述.该系统设计简单实用、工作稳定、准确度高.     

An acoustic system for providing the two-phase liquid profile in oil field storage tanks

The continuing need for in situ measurements of the emulsion layer between crude oil and water within oil field tanks has initiated experimental and theoretical investigations of candidate measurement methods. This paper describes a new low-cost and nonradioactive industrial field prototype device that provides, continuously and in real time, the vertical profile of the 2-phase liquid within oil field tank separators (i.e., percentage of water in oil at different heights of the tank, as well as the emulsion layer interfaces) using ultrasonic waves. The device, which has been installed in a vessel through an 8-in. flange, consists of a 1-D array of tens of ultrasonic transducers (28 transducers in this paper) that are activated in a time-multiplexed manner by an embedded transmitter fixed on the top of the tank. This latest version implements a feedforward neural network with back-propagation learning to determine the vertical water-cut distribution along the vessel. It also implements an expert-system-based algorithm to determine the lower and higher positions of the emulsion layer. The results obtained from the extensive experiments, which have been conducted under various conditions of temperature, indicate that the device can determine the profile of the 2-phase liquid within a relative error of ± 3%.     

MRN-1 mass flowmeter for oil products

The MRN- 1 mass flowmeter for oil products, which has been developed for oil refineries, is described and its technical specifications are given.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 9, pp. 35–36, September, 1995.     

Thermohydrodynamic investigations of horizontal oil wells

A method is developed for interpretation of the temperature variation curves obtained simultaneously by means of several deep-laid measuring devices located at different sites of a horizontal part of an oil well. The method enables one to estimate the filtration parameters of a nonuniform oil reservoir and to plot the inflow profile along the horizontal wellbore.     

Detection of and allowance for loss of petroleum products due to leaks and evaporation in tanks

Algorithms are proposed for detection of and allowance for loss of petroleum products, making it possible to make a substantiated decision about the state of a tank under the conditions of actual use.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 2, pp. 27–28, February, 1994.     

MRN-2 multichannel mass flowmeter-batcher for oil products

A multichannel mass flowmeter- batcher for refined oil products has been developed for automatic drawing/filling machines.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 9, pp. 36–38, September, 1995.     

A hierarchical method for evaluating products with quantitative and sensory characteristics

In some industries, such as food processing, product performance is assessed with multiple criteria including both quantitative measurements and subjective characteristics evaluated by a sensory panel. A sensory panel consists of trained individuals who compare products yielding data often in the form of matrices of paired comparisons. This paper presents a hierarchical method, based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process, for computing weights, or composite performance measures, for products of this type. The paper also presents a new method for collecting and analyzing sensory panel data. The proposed method enables comparison of alternative products taking into account multiple quantitative and sensory responses, their relative importance, and the experience and reliability of panel members.     

含硫油品储罐自燃灾源温度场的数值模拟

目前在役储罐的温度场难以准确的描述,对安全作业造成隐患。基于国内外储罐自燃机理研究,建立了含自燃灾源的储罐物理模型和数学模型,利用ANSYS有限元平台分析了自燃灾源、保温层厚度、环境温度及空气对流系数对含硫油品储罐温度场的影响.数值模拟结果表明,随着自燃灾源的持续氧化,外壁温度场异常区域逐渐明显;增加保温层厚度,外壁异常区域温差减小的趋势由大变小,当厚度达到30mm时,最大温差降至0.4℃;升高环境温度,外壁异常区域温差均匀降低,当环境温度达到35℃时,外壁温度基本趋于环境温度;增加空气对流系数,外壁异常区域温差快速减小,当空气对流系数达到100W/(m·℃)时,外壁温度接近环境温度,且外壁温差基本趋于一致.     

Corrosion and electrochemical properties of the steel of exploited oil tanks in bottom water

We have detected a distinction in the corrosion and electrochemical behavior of St3sp steel of different parts of an oil storage tank in under-product water of different oil refineries depending on preliminary contact between the metal and working media of different corrosiveness. Due to long-term contact of the steel with a corrosive working medium (under-product or condensed water), its corrosion resistance decreases substantially. We have established that a medium with an oil-water interface has the greatest corrosiveness, and oil-water emulsion has the lowest. The intensity of electrochemical processes is higher on the steel of those domains of the oil storage which contacted with under-product or condensed water as compared with the metal contacted with oil. The least mineralized under-product water is also the least corrosive. __________ Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 104–108, January–February, 2008.