基于 CCD 检测的半色调防伪技术的研究

探讨了一种半色调图像的防伪信息嵌入与提取方法,运用网点生成原理和数据库技术,实现了在 RIP 处理后生成的半色调图像文件中嵌入隐藏信息,并利用 CCD 设备扫描嵌入隐藏信息的印刷品,结合算法实现隐藏信息的提取。 实验结果表明:与数据库技术的结合,大大提高了嵌入信息的灵活性和隐蔽性,信息嵌入和提取的速度很快,且该方法不增加额外的印刷成本,嵌入信息的不可见性好,可广泛应用于包装防伪和证件、证书防伪中。     

数字水印技术在印刷品防伪中的应用

在许多打印和出版应用中,需要在半色调图像中嵌入数据用于作品的版权保护和认证.介绍了一种新颖的半色调图像中数据隐藏的算法,该算法利用DCT域数据分类法进行数字水印信息的嵌入.实验结果显示:该算法能够抵抗打印/扫描攻击,鲁棒性较好.     

基于周期无穷大纵向莫尔条纹的半色调防伪技术研究

目的通过分析莫尔条纹的种类及产生原理,以纵向莫尔条纹效应和半色调加网图像的信息隐藏为理论基础,研究一种半色调图像防伪方法。方法首先对周期无穷大的纵向莫尔条纹的特性及半色调加网图像的网点排列特性进行了分析,结合半色调图像加网参数,得到纵向莫尔条纹参数与数字加网参数之间的匹配关系;再根据各参数之间的关系对半色调加网图像的部分网点进行调整,实现了隐藏信息的嵌入;最后依据上面各参数关系制作数字光栅,对加入防伪信息的半色调图像进行检测,完成了防伪。结果该防伪技术中隐藏信息的隐秘性好,隐藏信息检测再现清晰,防伪效果较好。结论提出了一种半色调图像防伪新方法。     

基于DCT域的鲁棒数字水印算法的研究

选取基于DCT域的鲁棒水印算法、数字图像处理工作者常用的Lena图和天津科技大学校徽图像作为嵌入的二值水印图,利用MATLAB软件进行水印图像的嵌入、提取实验和鲁棒性检测实验。结果证明该算法能够实现数字水印的提取和检测,并具有较强抵抗常见攻击的能力,鲁棒性较好,能够实现初步的数字图像的防伪和版权保护。     

基于矩阵轮换加网防伪技术应用

目的解决目前半色调加网的信息隐藏技术存在的隐藏效果不佳、易仿制等问题。方法基于最小阈值矩阵加网原理,开发一种矩阵轮换加网算法,生成具有防伪意义的特殊形状网点,应用于半色调信息隐藏技术中。结果该方法中特殊形状网点的生成,克服了传统网点进行信息隐藏时易出现的"断点"缺陷,提高了隐藏视觉不可见度,且网点形状根据矩阵设计的不同而变化,不易仿制,提高了防伪系数。结论矩阵轮换加网生成特殊形状网点,对于半色调加网的信息隐藏技术在实际生产中应用具有较好的指导作用。     

数字全息水印在印刷半色调图像中的应用

在印刷半色调图像中嵌入特定信息可用于印刷品的保护和认证。设计了一种新颖的应用于非数字形式印刷半色调图像中的信息隐藏算法,将原始水印信息制成菲涅耳全息图,以此作为水印信息,利用离散小波变换算法嵌入到宿主图像中,以实现信息隐藏。该算法利用全息图独特的不可撕毁性来增强水印的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,该算法对图像半色调化攻击具有较好的鲁棒性。     

一种新的彩色图像变换域全息水印算法

提出了一种变换域中改善全息水印抗几何攻击和滤波攻击性能的彩色图像全息水印算法。 取彩色 RGB载体图像的蓝色通道,分块后做一级小波分解转换到变换域,取低频子带,然后进行奇异值分解嵌入数字全息水印。 实验结果表明:该算法水印隐蔽性好,重建的水印与原始水印相似度高;算法鲁棒性强,可以抵抗常见的各种攻击,尤其改善了全息水印的抗几何攻击和滤波攻击性能,满足了数字防伪、版权保护的需要。     

一种奇异值分解数字水印算法的研究

提出了一种可用于印刷品防伪的数字水印算法。将二值条码作为水印,嵌入到原始图像的奇异值分解的S分量。结合人类视觉系统（HVS）的视觉掩蔽特性,根据图像的块均匀度决定水印嵌入的强度,使嵌入的水印强度能够自适应于原始图像。水印提取时,利用Radon变换对待检测图像进行校正,并且根据二值条码的特性对提取出的水印图像进行了修正。实验结果表明,算法对一些常见的图像处理和几何攻击具有良好的鲁棒性。     

基于DWT-SVD 的强鲁棒全息水印算法研究

在理论分析全息水印和变换域水印的基础上,提出了基于DWT-SVD 的强鲁棒全息水印算法,通过MAT-LAB 仿真软件对该水印算法进行了仿真,验证了该水印算法的安全性、鲁棒性和不可见性。双随机相位调制加密全息技术对水印信息进行加密具有较高的安全性;在DWT 和SVD 变换域中嵌入水印能够保证水印的不可见性及鲁棒性;结合全息技术和DWT-SVD 的特性,克服了现有水印算法不抗旋转的缺点。该算法首先对水印信息进行加密,获取其奇异值;然后对载体RGB 图像的B 分量进行小波分解,获取其2 次小波分解后低频系数的奇异值;最后用加权的方法嵌入水印。水印嵌入与提取仿真实验结果为PSNR>20 dB,NC 值接近于1,说明该算法的可行性;鲁棒性仿真实验表明该算法能够抵抗任意旋转攻击及基本图像处理操作的攻击。     

基于Radon变换与Schur分解的彩色图像水印算法

目的 针对彩色图像盲水印算法较为复杂且抗旋转能力差等问题,结合矩阵Schur分解和Radon变换提出一种抗旋转攻击的彩色图像盲水印算法。方法 该算法首先提取彩色宿主图像的U通道图像,其次对U通道图像经NSCT变换后的低频分量进行分块处理,将每个像素块分解为对称矩阵和反对称矩阵,最后对每块对称矩阵进行Schur分解,将二值水印嵌入至分解后上三角矩阵的最大特征值中。提取水印信息时,利用Randon变换对含水印图像进行几何校正后再进行水印提取操作。结果 文中算法提取水印相似度较高,其NC值达到0.9414;结构相似性较高,其SSIM值达到0.9183。结论 该水印算法在常规信号处理攻击、抗旋转攻击下均具有极强的鲁棒性。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from