共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
C. Fadda A. M. Sanguinetti A. Del Caro C. Collar A. Piga 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2014,13(4):473-492
Staling of bread is cause of significant product waste in the world. We reviewed the literature of the last 10 y with the aim to give an up‐to‐date overview on processing/storage parameters, antistaling ingredients, sourdough technology, and measurement methods of the staling phenomenon. Many researchers have been focusing their interest on the selection of ingredients able to retard staling, mainly hydrocolloids, waxy wheat flours (WWF), and enzymes, but different efforts have been made to understand the molecular basis of bread staling with the help of various measurement methods. Results obtained confirm the central role of amylopectin retrogradation and water redistribution within the different polymers in determining bread staling, but highlighted also the importance of other flour constituents, such as proteins and nonstarch polysaccharides. Data obtained with thermal, spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, X‐ray crystallography, and colorimetry analysis have pointed out the need to encourage the use of one or more of these techniques in order to better understand the mechanisms of staling. Results so far obtained have provided new insight on bread staling, but the phenomenon has not been fully elucidated so far. 相似文献
5.
A Fresh Perspective on Staling: The Significance of Starch Recrystallization on the Firming of Bread 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ABSTRACT: Storage stability of standard white bread (SWB) and Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) breads were studied in terms of texture firming, amylopectin recrystallization, and water relations. SWB showed a more rapid increase in firmness during storage mainly due to the loss of moisture to the crust and surrounding environment. The MRE, a long shelf-life military bread, firmed much slower due to the moisture loss inhibition (hermetic pouch) and plasticization (by formulation). This work confirmed previous findings that in some cases, firming of a bread can be strongly influenced by factors other than amylopectin crystallization. This is possible through controlling changes in the amorphous domains earlier described from thermomechanical studies. 相似文献
6.
The effect of the reheating method (microwave, autoclave and steam) and water content (65, 75, 85 and 95%) on change of the physicochemical properties of retrograded rice starch was investigated. The increment of gelatinization after heat treatment in the autoclave was the highest (44.9% at 95% water content), and it also showed an increasing trend regardless of reheating methods as the water content was increased from 65% to 95%. The water‐holding capacity (WHC) of the retrograded rice starch was increased compared to that of control after reheating regardless of reheating method and water content, and the maximum value (33.2%, w/v) was observed in the sample reheated with steam at a water content of 95%. The retrograded rice starch reheated in the autoclave showed a decreased peak viscosity, breakdown, final viscosity and setback. In particular, these parameters were lowest in samples reheated in an autoclave. Also, in the autoclaved samples the crystallinity of retrograded rice starch decreased as the water content increased. The microstructure of the reheated samples was filamentous type composed of numerous small cavities. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
为探究糯玉米淀粉对水饺皮品质的影响,研究不同糯玉米淀粉的添加量对生水饺皮色泽、强韧性、可冻结水的含量、微观结构及对冷冻前后水饺皮蒸煮品质的影响。结果表明:在生水饺皮的品质方面,添加糯玉米淀粉可显著提高生水饺皮亮度、强韧性、淀粉的结合程度并降低可冻结水的含量;在冷冻水饺皮的蒸煮品质方面,添加糯玉米淀粉可显著缩短水饺皮的蒸煮时间、降低蒸煮损失、提高剪切硬度并改善感官品质等,其中冷冻后的水饺皮面汤的透明度、蒸煮损失以及水饺皮的剪切硬度和咀嚼性优于未冷冻的水饺皮。因此,添加4%~6%的糯玉米淀粉可有效改善冷冻水饺皮的品质,为糯玉米淀粉在食品行业中的应用提供理论基础。 相似文献
13.
将新鲜糯玉米进行不同冻藏时间(0、10、20、30 d)的处理,通过傅里叶红外光谱仪、便携式拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热仪、快速黏度分析仪等研究冻藏处理对其内部淀粉微观结构和理化性能的影响规律,以期为延缓其品质劣变提供基础数据。结果表明:冻藏处理导致糯玉米淀粉的R1 045/1 022减小,半峰宽增大,相对结晶度降低,淀粉颗粒表面出现凹陷和破碎,粒径变小,且随着冻藏时间的延长,冻藏对玉米淀粉微观结构的破坏更加明显;糯玉米经冻藏处理后,其淀粉的糊化温度、糊化焓值、峰值黏度、崩解值下降,最终黏度和回生值升高,表明冻藏淀粉更容易发生糊化,且糊化黏度降低,但淀粉热糊的稳定性有所提高,更容易发生老化。此外,冻藏处理还可导致玉米淀粉内的抗性淀粉和慢消化淀粉转变为快消化淀粉,表明冻藏具有提高鲜食玉米的消化速率和程度的潜力。 相似文献
14.
将蜡制玉米淀粉、酯化蜡制玉米淀粉和交联酯化蜡制玉米淀粉以添加量分别为0%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%添加到肌原纤维蛋白中,形成蛋白淀粉复合物,研究3?种淀粉对肌原纤维蛋白凝胶保水性、质构特性、白度值、表面疏水性、流变特性和微观结构的影响。结果表明,相比纯肌原纤维蛋白,淀粉均能显著提高复合凝胶的保水性、硬度和弹性(P<0.05),且随添加量的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),但在添加量为10%时,各指标上升不显著(P>0.05),其中交联酯化蜡制玉米淀粉效果最好;3?种淀粉均能增加复合凝胶的白度值,但交联酯化蜡制玉米淀粉的添加会使复合凝胶的白度值过大(P<0.05),对色泽不利;同时,淀粉能显著提高复合蛋白的表面疏水性和凝胶的弹性模量(P<0.05),且随着添加量的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),与肌原纤维蛋白凝胶相比,复合凝胶结构趋于致密均匀。在实验的3?种淀粉中,除色泽因素外,交联酯化蜡制玉米淀粉提高凝胶性能的效果要优于其他两种淀粉。? 相似文献
15.
以蜡质玉米淀粉为原料,在酸醇介质中制备淀粉微晶。对制得的不同水解率的蜡质玉米淀粉微晶进行了颗粒形貌、X射线衍射、DSC热稳定性分析,溶解度和消化性能的测定。结果表明:随着酸醇水解程度的增加,淀粉颗粒形貌逐渐呈片晶状,最终为碎片;淀粉颗粒的无定形区先被水解,结晶区后被水解,进而导致颗粒破裂;晶体形态仍为A型。与原淀粉相比,淀粉微晶的Tp和Tc均增大,糊化温度范围也有很大提高;不同水解率的淀粉微晶的热焓(△H)先减小后增大。淀粉微晶的溶解度随水解率的增加不断增大。酸醇水解蜡质玉米淀粉的水解率越高,其在in vitro模型中的消化产物也就越多,消化速度也越快。对于同一水解率的淀粉微晶,其消化速度随时间的延长先上升后下降。 相似文献
16.
17.
以糯玉米淀粉为原料,以次氯酸钠为氧化剂,氢氧化钠为催化剂,对氧化糯玉米淀粉的制备及性能进行了研究.考察了反应时间、反应温度、次氯酸钠用量、pH对氧化糯玉米淀粉羧基含量的影响,采用酸碱滴定法测定氧化糯玉米淀粉羧基含量.试验结果表明,随着次氯酸钠用量增加,氧化糯玉米淀粉的羧基含量也随之增大;在一定时间范围内,氧化糯玉米淀粉的羧基含量随反应时间的增加而增加;反应温度和pH对氧化糯玉米羧基含量的影响呈倒抛物线趋势,存在最大值.糯玉米淀粉经氧化后,其液透明度和黏度热稳定性提高,但其冻融稳定性和凝沉性下降. 相似文献
18.
为综合评价鸡油基焙烤专用起酥油的使用效果,以市售棕榈油基起酥油和大豆油焙烤面包为对照,采用感官评价结合固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析焙烤面包的可接受程度,并采用质构仪、差示量热扫描仪以及直接干燥法测定贮藏过程中面包的老化特性。结果表明:鸡油基起酥油焙烤面包可以提高面包比容,同时提高面包的总体可接受度,使面包获得较高的感官评分;鸡油基起酥油增加了面包中风味化合物的种类,同时使各类风味化合物的相对含量发生变化;鸡油基起酥油降低了面包贮藏期内的硬度、老化焓值和水分迁移,延缓了面包的老化。 相似文献
19.