φ610mm×1700mm冷轧辊断裂分析

对１根φ６１０ｍｍ×１７００ｍｍ冷轧辊加工中，用淬火后没及时回火，以致辊身中部断裂的情况进行了检查分析及力学推导，发现该轧辊断裂系轧辊内应力强度因子大于材料的平面应变断裂韧性所致。同时还对防止加工中轧辊的断裂提出了应注意的事项。     

650轧辊的堆焊修复

对轧辊断裂部位进行了分析，找出了裂纹形成的主要原因。通过采取焊前预热、低氢焊接和焊后热处理等措施，成功地实现了650轧辊端头断裂的堆焊修复，即以焊代换。同时,延长了轧辊服役周期。     

PQF连轧机轧辊断裂的形成原因分析

文章分析了PQF连轧机前三架轧辊表面过早老化磨损及轧辊断裂的原因。根据现场实际情况,以轧制运行状态、轧辊表面老化磨损的情况、轧辊断裂的形态为依据,制定了PQF连轧机微张力轧制法,减少轧辊老化及断裂,提高轧辊寿命。     

提高1150初轧机轧辊使用寿命的研究与应用

介绍了提高１１５０初轧机轧辊使用寿命的研究与应用，通过学科交叉，应用有关现代计算方法，对初轧机轧辊的温度场、应力场、变形场和断裂影响因素进行了综合分析，为解决轧辊断裂问题提出了理论依据；同时介绍了应用理论分析结果，在轧辊冷却方式、管理制度、切削工艺等方面采取合理有效的措施，从而取得了显著效果，为提高轧辊使用寿命，提高各类轧机和重型机械设备的寿命开辟了新途径。     

轧辊失效方式及其原因分析

介绍了轧辊存在剥落、断裂、裂纹等几种失效方式,并重点分析了轧辊剥落和断裂产生的机理,为分析生产实践中轧辊失效原因和采取相应改进措施以提高轧辊使用寿命提供了依据。     

万能轧机立辊断辊原因分析

通过对万能立辊的特性分析、断口分析、应力计算、过盈装配、轧辊在使用过程中的热应力计算等系列工作,得出造成辊身断裂的主要原因是:轧辊的热应力偏大,和轧制时的机械应力相叠加,超过了轧辊的强度极限,导致轧辊断裂。并给出了避免立辊断裂的主要措施。     

棒材Ф550粗轧机组轧辊优化设计

针对棒材Ф550粗轧机组轧辊发生的辊颈断裂事故,分析出产生原因为球墨铸铁轧辊辊颈强度不足。通过选用半钢轧辊、重新优化设计其配辊,校核与计算Ф550半钢轧辊辊颈强度,能够满足生产需求,避免了轧辊辊颈断裂的事故,保证了生产的稳定顺行。     

Φ650轧机断辊分析

根据生产实际情况，着重分析了冲击负荷对断辊的影响，并根据轧辊断裂原因，提出了提高轧辊寿命的有效措施，同时还探讨了一些减少断辊的方法。     

板坯初轧机水平轧辊疲劳断裂分析和寿命计算

本文根据板坯初轧机水平轧辊的实际使用情况，进行了疲劳和断裂分析，结合计算机辅助设计（ＣＡＴ），对疲劳和断裂寿命进行计算。以解决轧辊的裂纹产生、扩展及寿命计算难题。对实际生产和提高经济效益有明显的实用价值。     

高速线材轧辊随机模糊可靠性设计

引进德国先进技术生产的GX-400型高速线材轧机的轧辊，因工作时受随机交变应力作用，轧辊轴头断裂问题时有发生。由于产生断裂的影响因素很多，如轧制过程中受轧制力的不均匀性、轧辊速度、线材质量均匀性等模糊、随机因素的影响，使得轧辊质量可靠性变得十分模糊与复杂。采用常规可靠性设计理论很难处理这种随机模糊问题。随着模糊理论的发展，模糊理论在许多领域中得以应用。本文即利用模糊可靠性理论，研究探讨高速线材轧辊的随机模糊可靠性设计问题。     

Point-In-Polyhedra Test with Direct Handling of Degeneracies

The Point-In-Polyhedron problem is to check whether a point is inside or outside of a given polyhedron. When a de-generate case is detected, the traditional ray-crossing algorithms avoid the case by selecting a different ray or erase the case by per-turbing input data. This paper introduces a Threshold-Based Ray-Crossing (TBRC) algorithm for solving the Point-In-Polyhedron problem. The TBRC algorithm copes directly with degenerate cases by checking whether to count the face intersecting with the ray.It is worth mentioning that the TBRC algorithm can handle all degeneracies without extra computation and storage. Moreover, we analyze the basic algorithm and examine how to accelerate it. The experimental results show that TBRC algorithm is highly effi-cient and robust for the Point-In-Polyhcdron problem, compared to a classical tetrahedron-based algorithm without pry-processing.     

基于混合遗传算法的电弧炉终点目标温度预报模型

BP (Baek Propagation)算法和遗传算法相结合的混合训练方法步骤为:首先用遗传算法定位出一个较好的搜索空间,然后采用BP算法在这个小的解空间中搜索出最优解。分别用遗传算法和混合遗传算法训练100 t电弧炉终点温度神经网络预报模型。仿真结果表明:混合遗传算法有更快的收敛速度和更高的预报命中率。当目标温度的精度范围为±2℃、±4℃、±6℃和±8℃时,BP算法的温度命中率分别为75%、82%、86%和92%,混合遗传算法的温度命中率分别为80%、88%、90%和96%。     

作业车间调度问题解的不可行性检测算法和快速修复算法

为了判别作业车间调度问题的解的可行性,提出了一种基于图论的启发式判别算法,并通过实例验证了方法的正确性.提出了普适于作业车间调度问题的快速修补新算法,可以对于作业车间调度问题的不可行解进行修正使之变成可行解.判别算法和修补算法在最不利情形下的计算复杂性均为O(n),判别算法在最有利情形下的计算复杂性为O(2 |J|+|M|).所提出的算法具有很大的灵活性,对于局部蚂蚁算法、遗传算法以及一般的作业车间调度问题均适用.     

Evolutionary Programming for Inverse Problems in Civil Engineering

Two main contributions to evolutionary computation and their applications are reported in this paper: (1) a new evolutionary programming (EP) algorithm is proposed with several improved techniques added to the conventional EP algorithm; and (2) the improved EP algorithm is incorporated with the finite-element method (FEM) to form an integrated algorithm, called FEMEP, for solving the inverse problems in civil and structural engineering. In the improved EP algorithm, two types of mutation—namely, random and uniform—are proposed to increase the efficiency and to retain the versatility of the conventional EP algorithm. Simulated annealing is adopted to prevent the chromosomes in the early generations from stagnating in a local optima. The algorithm is examined with two typical numerical examples. Results show that the improved EP algorithm is efficient and versatile. It is able to find better solutions than genetic algorithms and other evolution programs. The FEMEP algorithm is then applied to the inverse problems, with two parameter identification problems as illustrations. Although simple, they demonstrated the potency of the proposed integrated algorithm to solve inverse problems in civil and structural engineering.     

基于工序加工能力的并行公差优化设计新方法

文献[1]提出了一种基于工序加工能力的并行工序公差优化设计方法,并用优化算法求解优化模型,本文提出了一种将遗传算法与复合形算法相结合而构成的遗传复合形算法。在遗传算法初始化之后,用复合形法先进行局部寻优,选出较好的个体,再用遗传算法在全局寻求最优解,将其应用于并行公差模型,与资料[1]中结果做比较,发现较以前的算法有较大改进。     

Augmented Lagrangian Genetic Algorithm for Structural Optimization

This paper presents a robust hybrid genetic algorithm for optimization of space structures using the augmented Lagrangian method. An attractive characteristic of genetic algorithm is that there is no line search and the problem of computation of derivatives of the objective function and constraints is avoided. This feature of genetic algorithms is maintained in the hybrid genetic algorithm presented in this paper. Compared with the penalty function‐based genetic algorithm, only a few additional simple function evaluations are needed in the new algorithm. Furthermore, the trial and error approach for the starting penalty function coefficient and the process of arbitrary adjustments are avoided. There is no need to perform extensive numerical experiments to find a suitable value for the penalty function coefficient for each type or class of optimization problem. The algorithm is general and can be applied to a broad class of optimization problems.     

智能蚁群算法

蚁群算法是一种新颖的求解复杂优化组合问题的模拟进化算法,它具有典型的群体智能的特性。该算法的主要特点是正反馈、分布式计算、鲁棒性和并行性等,在许多领域都得到了成功应用。本文主要对蚁群算法的原理、特性及蚁群算法的改进算法进行了总体介绍。     

Calibration of Strapdown Magnetometers in Magnetic Field Domain

This paper presents an algorithm for calibrating strapdown magnetometers in the magnetic field domain. In contrast to the traditional method of compass swinging, which computes a series of heading correction parameters and thus is limited to use with two-axis systems, this algorithm estimates magnetometer output errors directly. Therefore, this new algorithm can be used to calibrate a full three-axis magnetometer triad. The calibration algorithm uses an iterated, batch least-squares estimator that is initialized using a two-step nonlinear estimator. The algorithm is simulated to validate convergence characteristics and further validated on experimental data collected using a magnetometer triad. It is shown that the postcalibration residuals are small and result in a system with heading errors on the order of 1?to?2?degrees.     

四维空间分形插值算法在品位估算中的应用

克里金法是一种应用广泛的低通滤波性插值方法,但其无法重建原始信息中的高频、低频和局部信息.分形插值算法可利用自相似性,在保留原始信息的基础上,克服克里金插值中低通滤波的局限性,从而提高插值的准确性.本文在传统分形插值算法的基础上,结合地质空间信息,提出了适用于矿床品位估算的四维空间分形插值算法,并将其应用于钼矿的品位估算.结果表明:在该钼矿的品位估算中,四维空间分形插值算法明显优于克里金法.