太赫兹技术在石油领域的应用进展

石油工业是近代世界工业革命最重要的推动力之一,石油工业对人类文明的发展贡献巨大,因此需要一种快速、可信和简便的无损检测技术来互补于传统的傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线及近红外光谱技术。太赫兹技术具有高的时间分辨率、相干探测、低能性及相对简单的测试与数据处理方法等优点,在汽油、柴油、润滑油、润滑油基础油、润滑脂、油水混合物、植物油、烃类分子、塑料和有机溶剂中被广泛应用,为石油领域的光谱学研究提供了新的分析手段,显示出了广阔的应用前景。本文从五个方面综述了国内外太赫兹技术在石油领域的应用,主要包含太赫兹技术在油气资源探测与运输、石油炼制、石油精制、石油工业气体以及基础研究的应用现状和发展前景,对太赫兹技术在石油领域的应用进行了展望。     

热障涂层折射率与厚度的太赫兹无损检测

精确提取陶瓷层(Top coat,TC)与热生长氧化层(Thermally grown oxide,TGO)层在太赫兹频段的折射率是进行热障涂层(Thermal barrier coatings,TBCs)太赫兹无损检测研究的重要条件.由于对涂层样品只能采取反射式测量,所以首先比较了反射式与传统透射式测量条件下提取样品...     

太赫兹技术在果蔬快速检测设备中的应用分析

太赫兹技术在果蔬快速检测中有着独特的优势,而太赫兹辐射具有非常重要的科学研究和应用价值。首先分析了太赫兹光谱检测技术,包括太赫兹时域光谱技术和太赫兹成像技术,接着分析了太赫兹技术在果蔬快速检测设备中的应用。太赫兹技术为果蔬快速检测提供了一种新的检测方法。     

太赫兹光谱和成像技术在毒品识别和检测方面的应用

介绍了太赫兹时域光谱和成像技术在毒品识别和检测中的应用研究结果;主要报道了利用太赫兹时域光谱技术对隐藏在信封中的毒品的识别,并对粉末状毒品与片状毒品的太赫兹吸收光谱进行了比较;在理论模拟方面,利用密度泛函理论对毒品振动光谱进行了计算;同时应用太赫兹成像技术对毒品进行了识别.研究结果充分表明太赫兹电磁波在毒品检测和缉毒工作中的有效性.     

真空环境下空气的太赫兹光谱痕量检测

本文采用太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)测试分析了不同压强(10--4～103mbar)的空气在0.2～1.5THz频段下的太赫兹光谱.实验表明,透过空气的太赫兹波与参考信号相比有显著的时间延迟和振幅衰减,并且其在0.55THz、0.75THz、1.1THz、1.2THz、1.4THz处出现吸收峰,这与水蒸气对太赫兹波的吸收峰位相一致.随着气体压强的减少,时域信号振幅衰减和时间延迟减少.而气体折射率几乎不随频率变化,但却随着压强的减小而减小.这说明THz-TDS技术能够灵敏的分辨真空环境下压强的变化,并且能对空气中痕量的极性气体灵敏的响应,可以应用于真空环境中的痕量气体检测以及环境监测等.     

试论锅炉检验中压力管道无损检测技术的应用

锅炉设备检验是锅炉正常运行的重要措施,对锅炉设备进行专业的检验能够保证锅炉的正常运行。当前锅炉设备检验过程中还存在着一系列问题,这些问题给锅炉设备检验造成了影响,同时也给锅炉的安全运行埋下了隐患。正是因为这样,在实际工作过程中就必须要加强检验过程中常见问题的分析。     

DWY-1型电磁无损检测仪的研制及在齿轮渗碳层深度检测中的应用

介绍DWY-1型电磁矫顽力无损检测仪的检测原理、硬件构成及在20CrMnTi齿轮渗碳层深度检测中的使用效果.该仪器可对齿轮渗碳层深度进行无损检测,具有检测精度高的优点,完全能满足生产实际对渗碳层深度测量的要求.     

Progress in terahertz nondestructive testing: A review

Terahertz (THz) waves, whose frequencies range between microwave and infrared, are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. A gap exists in THz literature because investigating THz waves is difficult due to the weak characteristics of the waves and the lack of suitable THz sources and detectors. Recently, THz nondestructive testing (NDT) technology has become an interesting topic. This review outlines several typical THz devices and systems and engineering applications of THz NDT techniques in composite materials, thermal barrier coatings, car paint films, marine protective coatings, and pharmaceutical tablet coatings. THz imaging has higher resolution but lower penetration than ultrasound imaging. This review presents the significance and advantages provided by the emerging THz NDT technique.     

钢丝绳无损检测技术研究进展

针对钢丝绳应用及检测过程中安全性能、利用率、检测精度等问题,综合分析了现阶段钢丝绳无损检测国内外相关研究成果,总结并提出了今后的研究方向。首先,介绍了无损检测技术当前在实际工程中的应用,具体对比分析了两种主流探伤仪技术特点,以及在桥梁建筑等行业中的应用;接着,介绍了现在无损检测技术发展状况,着重论述了钢丝绳磁检测技术和非磁检测技术研究和应用现状,其中磁检测技术主要包括电磁法和永磁法,非磁检测主要包括电流法、声发射法和声-超声检测法;最后,在对比当前无损检测研究方法的基础上提出了集中钢丝绳无损检测的可行方法,指出了发展声-超声检测技术的研究趋势。     

Flexible manufacturing systems in nondestructive testing

The results of a study aimed at the development of flexible manufacturing nondestructive-testing systems (FMNDTSs) are presented. The structure of the functions of the FMNDTS control system is considered and realizations of the most important units of flexible models are proposed. The advantages of FMNDTSs are analyzed.     

Coercive force measurements in nondestructive testing

The paper considers applications of coercive force meters with external electromagnets to nondestructive measurements of strength, plastic, and viscous properties of rolled high-carbon and low-alloyed steels, characterization of annealed high-carbon, predominantly chromium-doped, steels, testing of the quality of quenched and tempered steels, measurements of the depth and hardness of surface hardened layers on metallic components, and their use in sorting out different steels.     

Nonlinear backprojection in reconstruction nondestructive testing methods

Methods of nonlinear backprojection that are suitable for the solution of problems in tomography with small number of views are considered. Their comparison with the classical back-projection methods is performed. Examples of reconstructions are given; the fields in which back-projection methods are successfully applied are enumerated.     

Calibration blocks for ultrasonic nondestructive testing

The main parameters of calibration blocks for ultrasonic testing that must be measured during metrological certification are considered: the geometric dimensions of reflectors, the velocity and attenuation of elastic waves, etc. A method for measuring the damping factor is proposed that simplifies the measurement procedure. A form of the certificate registered officially for calibration blocks that were subjected to metrological certification is presented.     

新型金属无损检测技术及其应用

对金属磁记忆检测技术从原理、技术指标、系统软件、优点以及现场应用等方面进行了介绍，为其在管道行业的开发应用提供了技术依据。     

Feasibility of experimental X-ray sources in nondestructive testing

Application of low-energy sources based on the⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y radioactive nuclides has been suggested for nondestructive testing of thin (1–5 mm) components. The advantages of the suggested sources over commercial ones are the longer half-life and the higher detectability of flaws.     

In-tube nondestructive testing of main gas pipelines

A complex of auxiliary equipment for in-tube nondestructive testing of main gas pipelines (MGPs) via magnetic flaw detectors is described. A list and schedule of procedures for in-tube inspection of MGPs are presented. Typical flaws in the tube metal of MGPs are studied and classified by the degree of hazard.     

Problems of nondestructive testing of forming rolls

The principal problems that impede the wide use of nondestructive equipment in the operation of forming rolls on sheet rolling mills are studied. The study of the causes for breakdowns of forming rolls gave statistically significant distributions of depths and sizes of flaws in the backup rolls. The causes of impedances to nondestructive testing of the forming rolls are considered.