Efficient reversible NOR gates and their mapping in optical computing domain

Reversible logic is a computing paradigm in which there is a one to one mapping between the input and the output vectors. Reversible logic gates are implemented in an optical domain as it provides high speed and low energy computations. In the existing literature there are two types of optical mapping of reversible logic gates: (i) based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) switch; (ii) based on linear optical quantum computation (LOQC) using linear optical quantum logic gates. In reversible computing, the NAND logic based reversible gates and design methodologies based on them are widely popular. The NOR logic based reversible gates and design methodologies based on them are still unexplored. In this work, we propose two NOR logic based n-input and n-output reversible gates one of which can be efficiently mapped in optical computing using the Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) while the other one can be mapped efficiently in optical computing using the linear optical quantum gates. The proposed reversible NOR gates work as a corresponding NOR counterpart of NAND logic based Toffoli gates. The proposed optical reversible NOR logic gates can implement the reversible boolean logic functions with a reduced number of linear optical quantum logic gates or reduced optical cost and propagation delay compared to their implementation using existing optical reversible NAND gates. It is illustrated that an optical reversible gate library having both optical Toffoli gate and the proposed optical reversible NOR gate is superior compared to the library containing only the optical Toffoli gate: (i) in terms of number of linear optical quantum gates when implemented using linear optical quantum computing (LOQC), (ii) in terms of optical cost and delay when implemented using the Mach–Zehnder interferometer.     

基于半导体光放大器的新型全光逻辑与门

为了实现基于半导体光放大器的全光逻辑与门,采用了在半导体光放大器构成的马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的基础上,注入外部连续光的方法。以半导体光放大器速率方程为基础,对设计方案进行了理论分析和仿真验证,取得了不同重复周期、不同脉冲宽度的光脉冲序列经过全光逻辑与门操作后的输出数据。结果表明,该方案能对传输速率为10Gbit/s或以下的信号进行正确与运算,同时,外光注入可以有效提高半导体光放大器信号处理速度。这一结果对基于半导体光放大器的全光逻辑的设计是有帮助的。     

新型电光逻辑门的设计及计算机图形光谱

光逻辑门是未来全光网络中光信息处理的核心元件,它可以实现高速光包交换,全光地址识别,数据编码,奇偶校验,信号再生等功能。采用微环谐振器设计了一种新型的电光逻辑门,结构通过三个非对称微环组成,分析耦合区的传输矩阵方程得出加载电压信号的变化能够实现微环折射率的变化,利用光强的逻辑开关特性可以实现光门逻辑。计算机仿真验证了工作波长1 600 nm时,实现的高电平50.7 V定义为逻辑1,低电平0 V定义为逻辑0,通过光强变化得出了6位逻辑运算;整个系统的响应时间理论上得到了1.8 ps,运算速率可达近200 Gbit/s。逻辑的双稳态分析中得出:微环发生最大谐振值时对应的控制波长等于微环未发生形变前的谐振波长和偏移量之和;调制可以通过微环谐振波长实现控制。这一研究对于未来全光通信的实现具有一定的意义。     

All-Optical Logic or Gate Exploiting Nonlinear Polarization Rotation in an SOA and Red-Shifted Sideband Filtering

An all-optical logic or gate is presented by exploiting nonlinear polarization rotation (NPR) in a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and red-shifted sideband filtering (NPR-RF). The logic or gate is successfully experimentally demonstrated with a 2⁷-1 return-to-zero pseudorandom binary sequence at 20 Gb/s. The logic or gate is also successfully simulated, and dependence of signal quality Q-factor and extinction ratio on input signal power for several detuning is also simulated and discussed. The simulation results show high Q-factor can be achieved in strong saturation of SOA. The logic gate has a simple configuration and allows photonic integration     

Experimental study on all-optical half-adder based on semiconductor optical amplifier

We demonstrate a novel all-optical haft-adder based on two semiconductor optical amplifiers （SOAs）. Two optical bandpass filters are used to select the two idlers generated by four-wave mixing （FWM） effect of the first SOA. Therefore, the AND gate and XNOR logic are realized simultaneously. The second SOA acts as a NOT gate, in which the NOR logic is achieved with the input of the logic XNOR. As a result, the output is the sum of the two input bits and the carry. In the experiment, all-optical haft-addition calculation is achieved between two 10 Gb/s signals.     

InGaAsP/InP optoelectronic exclusive-OR (XOR) gate operating with optical inputs and outputs

An optoelectronic exclusive-OR (XOR) gate operating with optical inputs and outputs was fabricated. The gate is based on an optoelectronic bistable switch consisting of a light emitting diode (LED) and a heterojunction phototransistor (HPT). The inverter function indispensable for the XOR logic is attained optically by connecting an additional HPT to the bistable switch in parallel. Successful operation of the XOR logic was demonstrated.<>     

利用光纤参量放大器构成全光与门

利用光纤参量放大器(FOPA)中的波长转换特性完成全光与逻辑运算。以波长转换的原理为基础, 从两路输入光波的四种码字组合的相位匹配关系入手, 证明了FOPA的闲散光输出与两路输入光波的逻辑关系符合与门的逻辑。通过龙格-库塔方法数值求解非线性耦合方程组, 仿真证实了FOPA的输出与输入光波满足全光与门的逻辑, 研究了此全光与逻辑门闲散光波的输出功率随光纤长度、输入光波的功率比值以及输入光波波长位置的变化关系, 为实际中优化设计全光与门提供了参考。并对100 Gb/s的全光与逻辑运算中所应选择的输入光波脉冲宽度的问题进行了讨论。     

光通信网络中的信号导向逻辑器件设计

基于"导向逻辑"设计了一种应用于光通信网络的新型光信息流导向器件。采用微环谐振器作为光波导元件,应用折射率调制机理,实现了基于聚合物基的多功能电光逻辑门。通过改变不同端口的逻辑输入分别实现了"与/非"、"或/或非"和"同或/异或"等多种状态的光开关逻辑运算。静态仿真确定了微环谐振器的工作波长,验证了器件具有高速率逻辑运算功能。该器件可用于大规模光学集成电路中,实现高速光信号的调制输出。     

Optical parallel logic gates using a shadow-casting system for optical digital computing

A new, simple method of optically implementing optical parallel logic gates has been described. Optical parallel logic gates can be implemented by using a lensless shadow-casting system with a light-emitting diode (LED) array as a light source. Pattern logic, i.e., parallel logic for two binary patterns (variables), is simply obtained with these gates; this logic describes a complete set of logical operations on a large array of binary variables in parallel. Coding methods for input images are considered. Applications of the method for a parallel shift operation and optical digital image processing, processing of gray-level images, and parallel operations of addition and subtraction for two binary variables are presented. Comparison of the operation of the proposed optical logic gate with that of array logic in digital electronics leads to a design concept for an optical parallel array logic system available for optical parallel digital computing.     

光学二值双轨制逻辑门

基于双轨制逻辑,本文提出了一种新的可实现二值逻辑的光学方法。两输入二值变量的16种逻辑操作和三输入二值变量的256种逻辑操作均可以实现。在本文中给出了并行全加的实验结果。     

细菌视紫红质在光计算中的应用

介绍了细菌视紫红质在全光逻辑门以及光计算方面的应用.     

Modified feedback ECL gate for Gb/s applications

This paper introduces a modification of the feedback emitter-coupled logic (FECL) gate that makes it suitable for Gb/s applications. The circuit can be used as a single-ended-to-differential signal converter without the need for an external reference voltage and finds application in digital optical links in which data is typically transmitted single ended. The gate is compared with FECL and ECL gates, and its application to realize logic functions is discussed. A 6-Gb/s series gated decision circuit and a 2-Gbaud/s four-channel optical receiver array employing modified FECL gates are also described     

Optical AND gate

We have successfully demonstrated a new type of logic circuit which provides an optical output pulse that is the AND function of two wavelength multiplexed optical input signals. The active components of this optically coupled logic gate are a triggerable semiconductor laser and a novel photodetector consisting of two series photodiodes which are sensitive in different wavelength bands.     

A 30-ps Si bipolar IC using super self-aligned process technology

A new 30-ps Si bipolar IC technology has been developed by scaling down a bipolar transistor's lateral geometry and forming shallow junctions. The n-p-n transistor has a 0.35-µm-wide emitter and a 1.57-µm-wide base region fabricated using super self-aligned process technology (SST) with 1-µm rule optical lithography. The fTvalues achieved for this device are 13.7 GHz at a collector-emitter voltage of 1 V and 17.1 GHz at 3 V. Propagation delay times (fan-in = fan-out = 1) of 30 ps/gate at 1.48 mW/gate for nonthreshold logic and 50 ps/ gate at 1.46 mW/gate for low-level current mode logic have been achieved.     

基于QD-SOA-XGM的全光逻辑或非门研究

为了改善基于交叉增益调制效应的量子点半导体光放大器全光逻辑或非门的性能,研究了QD-SOA-XGM全光逻辑门的码型效应特性,用两个连“1”脉冲和单个“1”脉冲的峰值功率来衡量,即P30/P20。研究结果表明:第一级输入电流越小,逻辑或非门的性能越好,而第二级输入电流对或非门性能影响很小;在一定范围内,输入连续光功率越大、有源区长度越长、有源区宽度越宽、最大模式增益越大、损耗系数越小,或非门输出效果越好。     

基于级联半导体光放大器中交叉增益调制效应的新型全光逻辑与门

提出一种基于级联半导体光放大器(SOA)中的交叉增益调制(XGM)效应实现的全光逻辑与门新方案。该方案采用单端耦合半导体光放大器提高第一级半导体光放大器输出的消光比，合理控制第二级半导体光放大器的输入光功率，实现了两路2．5Gbit／s非归零(NRZ)信号的逻辑与运算。详细阐明了基于级联半导体光放大器的与门的工作原理和实验方案，分析了实验结果。根据实验结果，发现第一级半导体光放大器输出信号的消光比和信噪比对逻辑与运算结果影响较大，利用单端耦合半导体光放大器后能改善逻辑与运算结果，第二级半导体光放大器的输入抽运光功率对逻辑与运算输出的信号质量有较大的影响。合理控制这些因素，可以有效地提高该逻辑与门的输出特性。     

一种全光型光逻辑器件的理论研究

本文提出了光线性传输网络可实现非线性光逻辑功能的概念，从理论上分析了这种逻辑器件的实现原理和性能，并利用Ｙ波导及Ｍａｒｃｈ－Ｚｈｅｎｄｅｒ干涉仪的组合所构成的线性传输网络，实现了ＸＯＲ（异或门）和ＯＲ（或门）的逻辑运算。     

光学偏振器的量子逻辑功能

光子的水平偏振态和竖直偏振态作为两种基本量子状态。利用光学偏振器实现量子操作、最子异或操作的逻辑功能,分析偏振器在构造量子Ｔｏｆｆｏｌｉ门和量子Ｆｒｅｄｋｉｎ门中的作用。     

Ultrafast all-optical AND gate based on cascaded SOAs with assistance of optical filters

An ultrafast all-optical logic AND gate is realised based on two cascaded Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) each followed by an optical filter to accelerate the effective recovery process of the SOAs. 40 Gbit/s operation with return-to-zero signals has been achieved with SOAs, the 90-10% recovery time of which is much greater than the single bit period. Clear open eyes with quality factor of 6.3 are observed. The proposed AND gate has a potentially loose requirement on input pulse width     

High-speed all-optical AND gate using nonlinear transmission ofelectroabsorption modulator

We investigated an all-optical logic AND operation at 10 Gb/s using nonlinear transmission of electroabsorption modulator pumped with two counterpropagating data streams. The transmitted pump itself was used as the output of the optical gate to obtain high extinction ratio, and high-output peak powers. The gate has been tested using 2³¹ -1 long pseudorandom bit sequence. The logical output of the gate has an extinction ratio of more than 10 dB with good eye opening. Our measurements of the gate transmission window show that all-optical logic operation up to 100 Gb/s is feasible