非对称双向中继信道中协作分集和网络编码的联合应用

本文应用非对称信道编码和网络编码技术实现了双向中继信道中非对称速率的传输。现实中无线通信环境具有差异性,通信链路状况也不相同。利用非对称编码方式,在较差链路引入更多的冗余信息来保证传输的可靠性,也在较优链路采取较高的传输速率,充分利用较优链路传输更多的信息。同时,通过协作分集技术,在接收端得到传输信息的多个副本,可以实现无线通信系统的分集增益。在中继链路加入网络编码,增加了系统的通信效率和编码增益。仿真结果表明,通过非对称编码方式,在较差链路端使用冗余更多的信道编码方式,不但可以实现可靠性传输,也比对称编码方式传输更多的信息。同时,利用协作分集技术,提供多个译码信息副本,增加了译码的可靠性,降低了系统误比特率。      

一种在宽带无线网络环境下的协作分集方法

协作通信可以使单天线的移动终端共享它们的天线而产生虚拟多发射天线阵列以获得发射分集。提出了一种在频率选择性衰落信道条件下的协作分集方法,信宿不仅利用转接节点转发的信号而且还利用了信源直接传来的信号来进行解码。通过计算机仿真,比较了考虑信源到信宿的直接传输的协作方法和未考虑信源到信宿的直接传输的协作方法的误比特率性能。结果表明,考虑信源到信宿的直接传输可提高系统的协作分集增益。     

编码协作MARC上全分集LDPC码的实现与性能分析

本文研究了多接入中继信道(MARC)上全分集LDPC码的实现与性能。首先,分析了MARC模型及其固有分集,然后构造了在MARC上能取得全分集的LDPC码,新构造的码字采用根校验节点把源节点传输与中继节点传输联系起来,从而获得全分集。接着,研究了所构造码字的密度演化过程,在密度演化的基础上,进一步分析了全分集LDPC码校验矩阵的结构,给出了通过提高全分集校验比特的比例,改善全分集LDPC码在MARC上编码增益的方法。仿真结果表明,本文所提算法在MARC信道上不仅能实现全分集,而且能取得较高的编码增益。     

On the Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff for Wireless Cooperative Multiple Access Systems

A spectrally efficient strategy is proposed for cooperative multiple access (CMA) channels in a centralized communication environment with N users. By applying superposition coding, each user will transmit a mixture containing its own information as well as the other users', which means that each user shares parts of its power with the others. The use of superposition coding in cooperative networks was first proposed in [E. G. Larsson and B. R. Vojcic, Cooperative transmit diversity based on superposition modulation, IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 9, pp. 778 780, Sep. 2005. ] , which will be generalized to a multiple-user scenario in this paper. Since the proposed CMA system can be seen as a precoded point-to-point multiple-antenna system, its performance can be best evaluated using the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff. By carefully categorizing the outage events, the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff can be obtained, which shows that the proposed cooperative strategy can achieve larger diversity/multiplexing gain than the compared transmission schemes at any diversity/multiplexing gain. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the proposed strategy can achieve optimal tradeoff for multiplexing gains 0 les tau les1 whereas the compared cooperative scheme is only optimal for 0 les tau les (1/N) . As discussed in the paper, such superiority of the proposed CMA system is due to the fact that the relaying transmission does not consume extra channel use and, hence, the deteriorating effect of cooperative communication on the data rate is effectively limited.     

Power allocation of cooperative amplify-and-forward communications with multiple relays

Cooperative diversity is one of the most effective ways to mitigate the fading effect of wireless channels and obtain the spatial gain in wireless networks.In this paper,an optimal power allocation(OPA)scheme for a cooperative communication system using the amplify-and-forward(AF)transmit strategy with multiple relay users is proposed by minimizing the bit-error-rate(BER)at the destination under the constraint of the total transmit power of both the source user and the relay users.Simulation results indicate that the proposed power allocation method can achieve significant BER performance improvement than using the equal power allocation(EPA)scheme,while still attains low complexity.The system performance is improved significantly with the increasing of the number of relay users at high signal-noise ratio(SNR).However,at low SNR,the system performance decreases when the relay number increases.Thus,an adaptive relay selection scheme may be used to choose the appropriate relay numbers in different transmission scenarios to provide system performance improvement and keep the power allocation scheme with low complexity.     

Performance analysis of distributed Alamouti space-time codes in full-duplex cooperative communication system

The error performance of distributed Alamouti space-time code (DASTC) was investigated in a 3-node full-duplex (FD) cooperative communication system with the presence of residual self-interference (RSI).Based on the asymptotic expression of the pairwise error probability in the high transmit power region,the diversity and coding gain were derived.The impact of residual self-interference on the construction of space-time code was analyzed and the achievable condition of diversity gain was obtained.Analytical results show that DASTC achieves full rate and full diversity in the FD cooperative communication system with high transmit power and low RSI.The error performance of the FD system is superior to which of the half-duplex system under the same spectral efficiency constraint.The diversity and coding gain can be increased by sufficiently suppressing the self-interference,and the spectral efficiency and power efficiency can be improved as well.     

卫星通信系统的协同通信策略研究

提出了一种新的基于卫星通信系统的协同通信策略,利用两个协同中继进行Alamouti空时编码协同发送来提高系统的可靠性。该策略利用信道状态信息来解决何时协同和同谁协同的问题。仿真结果验证了该策略的有效性,并证明了在相同的星地链路下,同直接传输相比,该策略能够通过分集增益有效提高系统的BER性能。     

非对称协作分集通信中网络编码的应用

该文提出了网络编码在非对称三点协作传输系统中的应用。通过协作分集技术和网络编码技术的联合运用,不但可得到无线通信传输系统的分集增益,也可得到系统的编码增益。该文设计的方案,充分考虑无线通信环境的差异性,利用非对称调制方式,在保证较差通信环境中取得通信可靠性的同时,在较优链路采取较高速率进行传输,利用较优链路传输更多的信息,实现系统资源的充分利用。在方案的具体实现中,通过在中继链路的中继节点加入已知信息实现网络编码,使得系统的译码性能得到增加。仿真结果表明,将网络编码技术应用于非对称协作分集通信中,相对比非协作传输方案可增加分集增益,降低系统的误比特率。跟传统对称传输系统相比,可充分利用系统资源,提升了系统传输容量。     

基于网络编码的用户协作分集系统性能分析

针对非协作通信和传统协作通信系统不能达到高天线分集增益的问题,提出基于网络编码的用户协作系统模型.研究了基于网络编码不同协作用户的天线分集增益,并分析非协作机制、传统用户协作机制和基于网络编码用户协作机制的中断概率.理论分析和系统仿真表明,基于网络编码的用户协作系统能显著降低系统中断概率,获得更大的分集增益,且协作用户数越多,系统分集度越好.     

移动通信网络中的协作通信

为了提高移动通信系统的性能,通常需要在发射端进行分集。而移动通信中的发射分集一般需要在发射端使用多根天线,但许多无线设备因受尺寸或硬件复杂度的限制,一般只有单根天线。为此,专家提出了一种新的解决方法——协作通信。该方法使用带有一根天线的移动台,在多用户环境中可以共享其他移动用户的天线,这样可产生多根虚拟发射天线,进而得到相应的分集增益,改善移动通信系统的性能。     

A utility-based capacity optimization framework for achieving cooperative diversity in the hierarchical converged heterogeneous wireless networks

A hierarchical convergence mechanism for the heterogeneous wireless communication system via the heterogeneous cooperative relay node is presented in this paper, in which the techniques of cooperative communication and wireless relay are utilized to improve performances of the individual user and the overall converged networks. In order to evaluate the benefits of the proposal, a utility-based capacity optimization framework for achieving the heterogeneous cooperative diversity gain is proposed. The heterogeneous cooperative capacity, relay selection and power allocation theoretical models are derived individually. The joint optimization model for relay selection and power allocation is presented as well. Owing to the computation complexity, the sub-optimal cooperative relay selection algorithm, the sub-optimal power allocation algorithm and the sub-optimal joint algorithm are determined to approach the maximum overall networks' spectrum efficiency. These proposed algorithms are designed in conformance to guarantee the equivalent transmission rates of the different wireless access networks. The simulation results demonstrate that the utility-based capacity model is available for the heterogeneous cooperative wireless communication system, and the proposed algorithms can improve performances by achieving the cooperative gain and taking full advantage of the cross-layer design. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Extended balanced space-time block coding for wireless communications

Diversity techniques are very effective tools to increase signal reception quality in Rayleigh fading channels. A well-known method to increase diversity in multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication is transmit antenna selection (TAS). However, TAS is very sensitive to feedback errors. One of the alternative techniques to TAS is balanced space-time block coding (BSTBC) which guarantees full diversity for any number of transmit antennas, provided that few bits of feedback from the destination to the source are available. The main drawback of the BSTBC is limited coding gain since few numbers of code matrices can be generated in the originally proposed scheme. In this work, the authors extend the balanced space-time block code family to improve its coding performance. In our proposed scheme, larger number of codes can be generated for improved coding gain. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated for both multi-input singleoutput (MISO) and cooperative communication cases. Relay selection (RS) algorithm - the TAS equivalent in the cooperative communications - is also considered. Simulation results show that near optimal (infinite feedback) performance can be achieved with four bit extension of the BSTBC and better signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained compared to TAS or RS schemes. The difference in performance becomes more prevalent in the presence of feedback errors.     

基于协作通信的TD-VAA-SCDMA系统

协作通信解决了普通单天线移动终端的空间分集问题,使单天线移动终端在多用户环境中可共享其他终端的天线,从而得到多天线分集增益,改善了移动通信系统的性能.本文从协作通信的概念和原理出发,提出了一种基于协作通信的虚拟多天线(VAA)TD-SCDMA系统,探讨了该系统中各层的实现和面临的挑战.     

Capacity bounds for Cooperative diversity

In a cooperative diversity network, users cooperate to transmit each others' messages; to some extent nodes therefore collectively act as an antenna array and create a virtual or distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. In this paper, upper and lower bounds for the information-theoretic capacity of four-node ad hoc networks with two transmitters and two receivers using cooperative diversity are derived. One of the gains in a true MIMO system is a multiplexing gain in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, an extra factor in front of the log in the capacity expression. It is shown that cooperative diversity gives no such multiplexing gain, but it does give a high SNR additive gain, which is characterized in the paper     

Cooperative Multiuser Relay Communications Employing Hierarchical Modulation

Relay-assisted cooperative communications are a promising solution for error-performance improvement and cell coverage extension. However, additional resources such as time slots or frequency bands are required for the relay, which reduce the overall throughput. This paper proposes two cooperative relay schemes that employ hierarchical modulation to overcome this limitation. One scheme is for symmetric downlink communications and the other is for asymmetric downlink communications. These schemes exploit the hierarchical modulation symbols for users in the network and allow the system to transmit two or more independent data streams simultaneously. The proposed schemes reduce the number of transmission phases to the same as conventional schemes without diversity gain. The symbol-error rates of the proposed systems are a function of the distance parameter of hierarchical modulation. By flexibly controlling the distance parameter based on specific scenarios, it allows an extra degree of freedom to guarantee error performance of receivers whose signals undergo different losses.     

Space-frequency-time turbo coded modulation

A new bandwidth and power efficient signaling scheme is proposed that achieves high data rates over wideband radio channels exploiting the bandwidth efficient OFDM modulation, multiple transmit and receive antennas and large frequency selectivity offered in typical low mobility indoor environments. Owing to its maximum transmit diversity gain and large coding gain, space-frequency-time turbo coded modulation strongly outperforms other space-frequency-time coding schemes proposed in literature. A simple way of combining space-frequency-time coding with OFDM delay diversity for cost effective exploitation of more than two transmit antennas is also proposed in this paper     

Packet splitting and adaptive modulation based on CSI of time domain for decode‐and‐forward cooperative OFDM systems in different channel model

Cooperative communications obtain the transmission and channel diversity gains by using the relay node. However, since cooperative communications transmit the redundancy signal to obtain the transmission diversity gain, the transmission rate is degraded. Moreover, since cooperative communications add the interference in the relay node, the diversity gain is also degraded. The packet splitting has been proposed based on the channel state information of the time domain to obtain the good system performance without the redundancy signal. Moreover, the adaptive modulation has been proposed to improve the transmission rate. In this paper, we propose the combination method with the packet splitting and the adaptive modulation based on the channel state information of the time domain to improve the bit error rate and throughput performances for decode‐and‐forward cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems in the different channel model. From the computer simulation results, we determine the optimum weight and threshold for the proposed method. Moreover, the proposed method shows the good bit error rate and throughput performances.     

On the performance of cooperative cognitive networks with proactive relay selection

This paper provides a general outage analysis framework for cooperative cognitive networks with proactive relay selection over non-identical Rayleigh fading channels and under both maximum transmit power and interference power constraints. We firstly propose an exact closed-form outage probability expression, which is then exploited for determining the diversity order and coding gain for proactive relay selection scenarios as well as deriving system performance limits at either large maximum transmit power or large maximum interference power. The derived performance metrics bring several insights into system performance behavior without the need of time-consuming Monte-Carlo simulations. Various results confirm the validity of the proposed derivations and show that cooperative cognitive networks with proactive relay selection incur performance saturation and their performance depends considerably on the number of involved relays. In addition, cooperative cognitive networks are significantly better than dual-hop counterparts without any cost of system resources.     

一种基于分布式空时码的协作MIMO分集复用折衷新方案

协作MIMO通过多个单天线节点的相互协作构造多发射天线,以此形成一种虚拟MIMO多天线阵列获得空间分集增益。考虑到协作MIMO特点,天线间采用分布式空时编码进行编码协作。文章研究了协作MIMO中基于分布式空时码(DSTC)的分集复用折衷(DMT)新方案,该方案通过推导两种DSTC的中断概率与分集增益表达式,结合两类DSTC的DMT策略,根据改变复用增益阈值自适应获得最佳DMT与中断性能。数值仿真表明,所提的DMT策略可以逼近协作MIMO的DMT上限,协作节点采用该策略的中断性能仅次于上限的中断性能。在多节点构成协作MIMO网络分布式空时编码协作中,提出的DMT新方案可使系统高效地获得协作分集增益与中断性能。     

一种 1x2x4分布式空时编码异步协作方案

协作分集技术可以有效提高移动通信系统的容量和可靠性。近年来,分布式空时码（DSTC）被广泛应用到协作分集系统以实现空间分集增益。然而,时间异步和频率异步会使正交DSTC的码字结构受到破坏,严重影响系统性能。本文针对时间异步的协作通信系统,提出一种基于分布式Alamouti STBC的1x2x4异步协作方案。对这种方案进行了理论分析和算法推导,并且重新定义了中继节点归一化后的发射信号幅度。仿真结果表明该方案的误比特率性能具有明显优势,能在时间异步的协作通信系统中很好地发挥多天线接收性能。