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1.
In recent years, special attention has been paid to the application of biotechnology in the textile industry. In this study, composite enzyme (contained pectatelyase/hemicellulase/laccase) was employed to degum the ramie bast successfully. Interestingly, the activities of enzymes were enhanced by promotion of Ca2+ activated remarkably. The test of degummed ramie fiber performance demonstrated that fiber fineness, breaking strength, whiteness, and residual gum of fibers have greatly improved. Further, the structure and morphous of the fibers before and after degumming was examined and analyzed. The results showed that the gum, hemicellulose, and lignin were removed effectively and treated fibers had the typical cellulose I structure suitable for direct textile and other applications. These outcomes suggested that Ca2+-activated composite enzyme could degum the gum of ramie bast effectively, which provided a method to improve the quality of ramie fibers and a theoretical basis for flax degumming technique on an environmentally-friendly basis. 相似文献
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Ravindra D. Kale Tambizot Getachew Alemayehu Vikrant G. Gorade 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2020,17(6):906-920
ABSTRACTCurrently, eco-friendly products have been given great attention as the world is being polluted severely by non-biodegradable products and by-products. Different textile products have their own share in affecting the environment. This research is focused on exploring alternative bast fiber products to support the supply chain and to assess the possibility of using this fiber as a substitute to already available bast fibers. Kusha fiber was extracted and optimized from Ethiopian kusha plant stem – Girardinia bullosa (Steudel) wedd. – using caustic soda solution by varying the concentration, temperature, and time using design expert 6.0.10, quadratic model software. Tensile property, chemical composition, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier-transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), fiber morphology, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the fiber were determined. Fiber characterization showed its tensile strength, and the cellulose content was equivalent to or even better than other bast fibers. Morphology of the fiber was similar to that of typical cotton with visible lumen and a slightly flat surface. Therefore, this new extracted fiber has a great potential to be used for different applications such as fiber-reinforced composites, textile furnishing, apparel, and nanocellulose extraction. 相似文献
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Shengwen Duan Lifeng Cheng Zhengchu Liu Xiangyuan Feng Ke Zheng 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2018,15(6):799-807
Kenaf is one of the most important natural fiber crops. Traditional degumming with water retting causes serious environmental pollution and reduces the quality of fiber products. The development of kenaf industry is hindered by high production cost. Microbial degumming is suitable for kenaf bast degumming because of its high efficiency, energy conservation, low pollution, and high quality, among others. Through enrichment and screening from water sample, soil sample, and humus sample, we concentrated and identified 92 bacterial strains that could degrade kenaf bast colloid. The strains belonged to 11 genera and 16 species. Five of these strains did not produce cellulase and the weight loss rate of the kenaf bast fiber raw material was more than 20%. These strains belonged to Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Bacillus alcalophilus, and Erwinia chrysanthemi and were assigned with serial numbers from K1–K5, respectively. This study is the first to report the function of Bacillus pumilus, B. alcalophilus, Clostridium tertium, Brevibacillus brevis, Pectobacterium carotovora, E. chrysanthemi, and Tyromyces subcaesius in kenaf bast degumming. Pectinase and mannanase were the key enzymes in the degumming of kenaf bast. 相似文献
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《Journal of Natural Fibers》2013,10(1):49-65
Abstract Advanced decortication technology is based on a simple mechanical process, in which bast fibres are decorticated by impact stress. Hemp, flax and linseed are processed with the same technology that is suitable for both unretted and retted plants. The process includes all stages from the reception of the straw bales to the separate final products, which are fibres and shives. The industrial requirements of technical fibres regarding fibre yield, fibre length, fineness and cleanness, are met. The possibility of processing unretted bast fibres without any negative influence on the fibre qualities is advantageous. Harvesting of unretted fibre plants saves expenditure on the field and reduces the weather risk. 相似文献
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Cecilia Sirghie Mihaela Dochia Ioan Vifor Istoc Dorina Chambre 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2015,12(4):378-387
In the last years, the interest in bast fibers for textile products has been growing in line with the necessity for new added-value products. The attention has focused on the research in developing of different methods of processing natural fibers. The main goal of this work was to compare two methods for fiber’s degumming. One method used the molybdenum complex for degumming and the other is an enzymatic one with laccase as catalyst. The physical–mechanical parameters were in the same range for both methods, while the lignin contt was smaller for the molybdenum complex—peroxide process than for the treatment with laccase—peroxide system. The characterization using FT-IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry also suggest that the treatments with molybdenum complex degraded more lignin than the enzymatic treatments. The crystallinity index of bleached fibers using the system molybdenum complex was higher than for the fibers treated with enzymes while the degrees of whiteness were somehow lower but in the acceptable range. 相似文献
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Binita Baishya Kalita Seiko Jose Sunita Baruah Sanghamitra Kalita Smita Rani Saikia 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2019,16(1):49-57
Roselle is a bast fiber, and its utilization as a textile fiber for the development of textile products is still scanty. A work has been attempted to develop yarn from Roselle. Fibers were extracted from Roselle bark by decortication and degummed in alkaline medium. The degumming process was optimized based on fiber yield and strength. The degummed fibers were then bleached by the hydrogen peroxide bleaching process. Degummed and bleached fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Degumming and bleaching results in enhancement of density, fineness, and brightness of Roselle fiber. A marginal decrease in tenacity of the Roselle fiber was observed after bleaching; however, the strength was not affected by degumming. Fibers were converted into fine yarn in the jute spinning system. The yarn properties inferred that the yarn possessed essential properties for the preparation of apparels and home furnishing. 相似文献
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《Journal of Natural Fibers》2013,10(1):21-47
Abstract New methods for retting flax are sought to overcome problems in the current method of dew-retting of flax. Published data are reviewed and new data presented on the development and testing of a method to ret flax using pectinase-rich enzyme mixtures plus chelators based on cost and fiber yield and properties. In spray enzyme retting (SER), flax stems are crimped to physically disrupt the plant's protective barrier and then sprayed until soaked with, or briefly immersed in, an enzyme/chelator formulation. Flax is then incubated at temperatures optimal for enzyme activity, washed, and dried. Pilot scale tests, conducted with 10 kg samples of flax retted with a series of formulations, showed that this method effectively retted flax stems from a variety of sources, including fiber flax, mature fiber flax, and linseed straw. Fiber yield, strength, and fineness were significantly influenced by variations in enzyme-chelator amounts. Cellulases inpectinase mixtures appeared to preferentially attack dislocations in fibers and fiber bundles resulting in loss of fiber strength. Polygalacturonases alone effectively separated fiber from non-fiber components. The SER method proved to be an effective framework for further tests on enzyme-chelator formulations that now must be integrated with physical processing to optimize the extraction of flax fibers based on cost and fiber yield and properties. 相似文献
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Flax enzymatic retting with composite enzyme produced by microbes with inexpensive substrates is widely researched due to less contamination and lower cost. Bacillus licheniformis HDYM-04, isolated from a liquid sample of flax retting pool, efficiently produced degumming enzymes after 48 h of fermentation with inexpensive konjaku flour, consisted of 587.5 U/mL pectinase, 365.2 U/mL mannanase, and 140.1 U/mL xylanase. Almost half the maximum activity of three above-mentioned degumming enzymes was maintained at pH 4.0–6.0 which demonstrated its stability in pH condition of flax retting. After 120 h of retting with this composite enzyme, scanning electronic microscopy showed more significant reduction in gummy components on the fiber surface than those of water retting. The fiber strength was 182.4 ± 9.3 N, 14.3% higher than water-retted samples. The long fiber rate and fiber yield also verified higher fiber productivity. The results permitted this degumming composite enzyme an applicable potential in flax retting. 相似文献
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《Journal of Natural Fibers》2013,10(2-3):55-68
SUMMARY Mature Ariane flax was retted with various proportions of the commercial enzyme mixture Viscozyme L (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% of product as supplied) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (4,7, and 18 mM) from Mayoquest 200. Retted material was then cleaned through the USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP) consisting of the following: 9-roller crushing colander, top shaker, scutching wheel, and 5-roller grooved colander. To simulate cottonization of fiber for use in textiles, the Flax-PP-cleaned fiber was passed 1 × through a Shirley Analyzer. Fiber yields and properties (strength, elongation, fineness, and color), which were determined for the various processing stages, were influenced by various formulations and by processing stage. For this flax sample, 0.05% Viscozyme plus 18 mM EDTA produced the highest yield of Flax-PP and Shirley-cleaned fibers, strong fine fibers of light color, and the strongest coarse fibers from Shirley by-product material. 相似文献
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The Kydia calycina fibers were screened out from various plant sources through the water retting method and then the time duration for extraction of fibers was optimized. After optimization, the extracted Kydia calycina fibers were compared with cotton, flax, and jute fibers on the basis of physical and mechanical properties. The morphology of extracted fibers was also studied through SEM. The results showed that the Kydia calycina plant produces better quality bast fibers with respect to plants like jute and flax. 相似文献
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《Journal of Natural Fibers》2013,10(2-3):99-112
SUMMARY Utilization of various highly specific enzymes for bio-finishing/bio-preparation processing of cellulosic fibers is becoming increasingly popular because it enables the textile industry to replace harsh organic/inorganic chemicals, sharply decreasing the quantity and toxicity of textile wastewater effluents. However, enzymatic processing of cotton, in addition to all its environmental benefits, has several important shortcomings, such as more expensive processing costs and slower reaction rates. Our laboratory scale studies found that introduction of ultrasonic energy during enzymatic bio-preparation/bio-finishing of cotton textiles significantly improved enzyme performance but did not contribute to a decrease in fabric strength. Experimental data indicate that the maximum benefit provided by sonication of enzyme processing solution occurred at lower enzyme concentrations than recommended by the manufacturer. 相似文献
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桑皮纤维的化学提取方法及性能测试 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
桑皮纤维是一种新型纤维素纤维,具有不同于棉和麻的一些特殊品质。文章采用二煮法对桑皮进行脱胶,制得桑皮纤维,初步探讨了酸、碱在脱胶过程中的作用,以及碱与双氧水同浴脱胶漂白原理。对纤维的形态结构和拉伸性能进行了测试。研究结果表明:桑皮纤维平均长度约23.0 mm,纤维纵向有条纹,截面多为近似椭圆形,无中腔,断裂强度优于棉、麻。 相似文献
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酶在纺织品湿加工中的应用前景 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
文章分别介绍了酶在纺织品湿加工中的各种应用。即:淀粉酶用作高效退浆和洗除浆料;蛋白酶用于脱除柞蚕丝胶、缫丝前的煮茧以及毛纺织品的前后处理,果胶酶用于麻类脱胶和棉织物处理可代替高温碱煮,能获得较好的渗透性;过氧化物酶可作为双氧水练漂的一种有效稳定剂;还原酶用于靛蓝染色。 相似文献
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Jing Liu Yan Song Guangting Han Yuhui Han Yuanyuan Zhang 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2020,17(5):738-744
ABSTRACTIn this research, single fiber cell separation method was studied and optimized. More than 200 fiber cell dimensional sizes of kenaf and apocynum were analyzed. Furthermore, the diameter changes of kenaf fiber cell before and after different degumming treatments were also explored. Results showed that the average length and diameter of kenaf fiber are 2.16 mm and 10.56 μm, while the average length and diameter of apocynum fiber are 9.04 mm and 7.41 μm. It was also found that the average diameter of kenaf and apocynum fibers decreased with the degumming process, and the diameter distribution became more even. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT In this study, coloration of the feather fibers with natural dye sources was examined. By this way it was planned to introduce colored chicken feather fibers to serve for different textile applications. For the coloration of the feather fibers, the natural dye sources “Buckthorn,” “Madder,” and “Hibiscus” were used. During the dyeing process, different mordanting agents were added to the dye bath to see the effect of the mordanting agents and also dyeing of the feather fibers without use of any mordanting agent was investigated. Afterwards samples were evaluated in terms of color efficiencies and color values. Moreover, the washing and light fastnesses of the samples were tested. As a result, it was observed that the tested natural dye sources can be used for the coloration of the chicken feather fibers and different colors can be easily obtained with the use of these natural dye sources and mordants. 相似文献