SiC颗粒对β-γ TiAl合金组织的影响

目的 细化β-γ TiAl合金的显微组织。方法 通过水冷铜坩埚熔炼制备纳米SiC颗粒添加的TiAl合金,合金成分为Ti-43Al-2Mo-0.4SiC,并对其进行热处理实验。研究SiC颗粒对晶粒细化情况,以及Mo元素对合金凝固路径的影响。结果 炉冷条件下,合金显微组织为全片层组织,空冷或水冷条件,合金将保留高温β相,说明Mo元素的加入扩大了β相相区。结论 SiC颗粒的添加可以有效细化晶粒。     

颗粒增强Al基复合材料的制备工艺及凝固过程

着重研究了颗粒增强Al基复合材料的搅拌法制备工艺及凝固过程。 通过对熔体搅拌法制备颗粒增强金属基复合材料的工艺优化进行探讨,最终用最简单的工艺过程制备出组织致密、颗粒分布均匀、界面结合良好的SiC、Al_2O_3、SiO_2颗粒增强Al-4％Mg复合材料。 SiC、Al_2O_3、SiO_2颗粒增强Al-4％Mg复合材料在等轴晶凝固条件下,颗粒被等轴晶排斥,出现颗粒推移,晶粒直径越大,颗粒分布越不均匀。在试验分析基础上,提出了颗粒推移的强烈程度由晶粒与颗粒的质量比决定的观点:同种颗粒,其直径越大,颗粒推移越不强烈;同样直径不同种类的颗粒,其密度越大,颗粒推移越不强烈。 AlO_3颗粒增强 Al-4％Mg复合材料的凝固组织中的显微缩孔是由颗粒加入导致熔体粘度增加、颗粒堵塞枝晶间的补缩流动通道以及颗粒与基体合金的热膨胀系数的差异三种因素引起的。由于气孔易在SiC颗粒表面形核,或者SiC颗粒与基体结合较弱,使得SiC颗粒增强Al-4％Mg复合材料比Al_2O_3颗粒增强Al-4％Mg复合材料易形成显微缩孔。对SiO_2颗粒增强Al-4％Mg复合材料来说,SiO_2颗粒与基体间发生了界面反应,一定量的Si溶入了基体,增大了基体的凝固潜热,从而提高了基体合金凝固时的补缩流动能力,所以SiO_2(P)/Al-4％Mg复合材料的凝固组织比同样条件下Al_2O_3(P)     

不同冷却条件下Al-Si/SiC颗粒系统二维凝固过程数值模拟

本文采用多相流模型对不同冷却条件下Al-Si/SiC系统二维凝固过程进行了数值模拟,对顶面冷却、底面冷却、侧面冷却和四面冷却条件下,无颗粒、小颗粒和大颗粒的情况进行了研究。溶质分布表明:对于分凝系数小于1的合金,先凝固的地方出现负偏析,后凝固的地方出现正偏析。顶面冷却和底面冷却时会出现A型偏析,侧面冷却和四面冷却时出现V型偏析。共晶分布验证了Scheil方程,共晶的产生会受到宏观偏析的影响,而且大颗粒的堆积会抑止共晶的产生。     

快速凝固Al-Si-Fe合金粉末工艺研究

快速凝固技术也称为急冷凝固技术,主要是通过提高金属凝固冷却速度的方法来增大凝固过冷度和凝固速度,从而获得传统铸件冷却速率下所不能获得的成分、相结构或显微结构。利用快速凝固技术制备Al-Si合金可显著改善合金组织,大幅度提高合金性能,使合金具有良好耐磨性、耐热性,以及高强、质轻及低热膨胀系数等特点。     

纳米SiC颗粒对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响

采用热压的方法制备了纳米SiC颗粒复合的Al2O3-ZrO2陶瓷材料，研究了纳米SiC颗粒对样品烧结性能以及对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响。结果表明，纳米SiC颗粒的加入影响样品的烧结性能。处于晶界的纳米SiC颗粒降低了基体材料对ZrO2颗粒的约束，不利于四方相ZrO2在室温下的保留。     

Al-Si合金中富铁相形态及其影响因素研究进展

综述了Al-Si合金中富铁相的存在形态、形成条件以及富铁相影响因素的研究进展,重点讨论了Al-Si合金中合金元素、熔炼铸造工艺对富铁相形态与分布影响的最新研究现状。研究现状表明,针状富铁相对Al-Si合金性能危害极大,而汉字状富铁相对合金性能的危害要小得多,合金元素和熔铸工艺对富铁相形态具有重要的影响;因此,研究合金元素与熔铸工艺对富铁相形态的交互作用及其影响规律,从而获得有益的富铁相形态,或减少合金中Fe含量是Al-Si合金中减缓富铁相危害的重要研究趋势。     

SiC-ZrO_2纳米颗粒协同强韧化MOSi_2陶瓷的组织与性能

通过热压烧结制备SiC-ZrO_2/MoSi_2复相陶瓷以及对比试样MoSi_2、ZrO_2/MoSi_2、SiC/MoSi_2陶瓷,利用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜以及力学性能测试仪器等对材料组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米ZrO_2、SiC颗粒的加入可以有效细化MoSi_2基体晶粒,纳米ZrO_2、SiC颗粒协同作用更有利于提高MoSi_2基陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,协同相中纳米SiC颗粒细化和强化MoSi_2基体的效果要好于纳米ZrO_2颗粒;20 vol%SiC+10 vol%ZrO_2+MoSi_2复相陶瓷抗弯强度是MoSi_2的3.8倍,断裂韧度是MoSi_2的2.4倍;在复相陶瓷基体以及粒子周围存在不同特征的位错组态,ZrO_2可以依靠自身相变的体积效应向基体泵入或输送位错,钉扎位错的第二相粒子包括SiC粒子和未相变的ZrO_2小粒子,弥散相特别是晶内型SiC和ZrO_2粒子对复相陶瓷位错的钉扎作用明显。     

Al-Si合金在凝固过程中颗粒和枝晶组织的演变

通过改变和控制浇注温度、冷却速度和半固态保温时间，研究了亚共晶Al-Si合金在不同凝固条件下初生相形貌的演变。结果表明．浇注温度对初生相形貌的影响最大。当浇注温度在液相线附近，冷却速度为0．3℃／s，并在半固态状态下保温1～5min的条件下，初生相为理想的颗粒状组织。随着浇注温度和冷却速度的提高，初生相由颗粒状向枝晶组织演变。此外，添加晶粒细化剂有利于颗粒组织的形成。在试验的基础上，采用改进的Cellular Automaton(MCA)模型进行计算机数值模拟，研究了Al-Si合金在凝固过程中初生相的演变机制。     

高压凝固亚共晶Al-Si合金的组织变异及生长机制

研究了高压下凝固的亚共晶Al-Si合金的组织结构.结果表明,亚共晶Al-Si合金的凝固组织得到细化,初生α相为过饱和固溶体,其晶体生长方式为胞状生长.分析了高压凝固条件下胞状生长的机理.     

熔渗温度对Si/Al复合材料组织及性能的影响

采用无压熔渗法制备Si/Al复合材料,研究了熔渗温度对所制备Si/Al复合材料Si相形貌的影响,对Si相间基体合金的凝固组织进行了分析,测试了Si/Al复合材料热膨胀系数、热导率及抗弯强度。结果表明,在相同熔渗时间下,随着熔渗温度升高,所制备Si/Al复合材料中Si相从颗粒状到形成网络状。Si相间的Al-Si基体合金中不再是典型的初生相和共晶组织,而是出现了类似离异共晶的结晶现象,即初晶Si和共晶Si是在原存的Si相上结晶长大。XRD分析显示在所制备复合材料中只有Si相和Al相。随着熔渗温度升高复合材料热膨胀系数、热导率以及抗弯强度均出现下降。     

Zr变质SiCP/ZA27复合材料在部分重熔过程中的组织演变

用扫描电镜(SEM)背散射成像技术对Zr变质SiC_P/ZA27复合材料在部分重熔过程中的组织演变进行了研究,并与未变质复合材料及基体合金作了对比。结果表明:经0.2 wt% Zr变质的SiC_P/ZA27复合材料在460℃加热过程中(0min~30min),其基体组织依次经历了晶臂的快速合并,晶粒的长大,晶界区域的熔化、组织分离,最后经球状化形成触变成形所需的粒径较为均匀、细小、圆整的半固态浆料,在随后的保温过程中(30 min~80 min)未发现明显的粗化现象;未变质复合材料则形成相互连接的不规则组织,即使经长时间的保温(80 min),也未全部球状化;基体合金组织的分离快于变质复合材料,但在保温中的晶粒粗化却较为严重。加热初期晶粒的快速粗化是由共晶组织向晶内的迅速扩散引起的。本文作者从相变角度分析了组织的演变过程。     

Solidification and microstructure of ZA27/SiCp composite fabricated by mechanical–electromagnetic combination stirring process

Abstract

The solidification behaviours and microstructural characteristics of both ZA27/SiC_p composites and monolithic ZA27 alloy were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and X-ray diffraction. It was found that there were differences in the transformation temperature and volume fraction of the phases, although the solidification process was almost identical for the composite and the monolithic alloy. The incorporation of SiC particles in the ZA27 alloy led to slight refinement of primary grains and reduced volume fraction of eutectic-like phase. The SiC particles obstructed Zn diffusion in the residual melt during the formation of proeutectic β phase, but promoted Zn diffusion from (Al) to η (Zn) phase during eutectoid transformation. During solidification, Cu was mainly segregated in the final solidification regions; Mg was present not only in the matrix but also on SiC particles; and oxide inclusions were mainly distributed around SiC particles. The matrix microstructure for both materials mainly consisted of primary cores of Al rich +η eutectoid; β′ phase resulting from the eutectoid transformation of the proeutectic β phase; and Zn rich +η eutectoid resulting from the eutectoid transformation of the eutectic-like phase. The SiC particles were mainly distributed around the primary grains. Several new phases based on the Al–Zn–Mg–Cu system and interfacial reaction products, including Al₂₁Fe₃Si, Cu₅Zn₈, Mg₆Cu₃Al₇, MgAl₂O₄, and amorphous oxide inclusions, were identified in the final solidification regions. The nucleation of both primary phase and eutectic-like +η phase at the surface of SiC particles and their crystallographic orientation relationships were investigated theoretically and experimentally. No distinct crystallographic orientation relationship between the matrix and SiC has been identified, although the mismatch between (0001)_SiC and (111)_ was calculated to be as small as 7·6%.     

三维网络SiC/Cu金属基复合材料的凝固显微组织

用挤压铸造法制备了三维网络SiC/Cu金属基复合材料,研究了铸造压力、网络SiC骨架预热温度、浇注温度等工艺条件对复合材料凝固显微组织的影响.结果表明,三维网络SiC陶瓷骨架在晶体生长和结晶过程中有重要作用,在一定条件下在网孔内可形成垂直于骨架表面的枝晶网络,或形成粒度细小且分布均匀的等轴晶组织;骨架的孔径对显微组织的影响也很大,细小的孔径有利于晶粒细化和组织均匀化,粗大的孔径助长宏观偏析和铅的偏聚.骨架减轻了复合材料中锡的反常偏析,使锡的偏析主要发生在骨架表面附近的微小区域,从而避免了在铸件表层的集中偏析.     

Characterization of Gradient Ni-Fe/SiC Composite Coating on Mild Steel by Thermal Spraying in Combination with Laser Cladding

0 IntroductionMetal matrix composites(MMCs)can usuallyprovide a high stiffness to weight ratio and high wearresistance,and a material with a surface MMC hasthe potential to develop these properties on its sur-face[1].And laser cladding has been found to be anefficient technique to prepare MMC coatings on thesubstrates such as Al-based alloy,steel,brass andbronze[2~4].Among various MMC coatings preparedby laser cladding,those reinforced with oxides(mainly Al2O3)and carbides(TiC,SiC,B4C,…     

铸态Al-4. 5Cu/TiB2 复合材料组织和性能的研究

提出一种新型的原位反应合成工艺——熔体反应法, 以TiO₂、H₃BO₃、Na₃AlF6 和Al-Cu 合金为原材料, 采用熔体反应法制备了低成本的内生颗粒增强Al-4. 5Cu/TiB₂ 复合材料。TiB₂ 颗粒细小, 平均尺寸为0. 93 Lm, 均匀分布于基体之中, 与基体结合良好。当TiB₂ 的含量为10 vo l% 时, 复合材料的抗拉强度为416. 7M Pa, 屈服强度为316.9M Pa, 延伸率为3. 3%。      

Optimizing microstructure,shrinkage defects and mechanical performance of ZL205A alloys via coupling travelling magnetic fields with unidirectional solidification

ZL205A alloys tend to form disordered and defective microstructure due to the large solidification intervals and multi-phase.Accordingly,finding ways to effectively optimize the microstructure and mechanical performance is of great significance.In this regard,the coupling of travelling magnetic fields (TMF) with unidirectional solidification was used to continuously regulate the mushy zones of ZL205A alloys.Additionally,experiments are combined with simulations to systematically reveal the mechanisms on the optimizations at each stage of solidification process.Current findings demonstrate that different directional strong melt flows generated by TMF are responsible for these optimizations.Additionally,the effects of TMF on microstructure are different at each stage of solidification process.Specifically,downward TMF coupled with unidirectional solidification can refine and uniform the microstructure,decrease the formation of precipitation,promote the growth consistency of matrix phase α-Al growing along the <001 > crystal orientation,reduce the secondary dendrites and overlaps between dendrites,eliminate the shrinkage defects,and increase the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,elongation and hardness from 198.3 MPa,102.2 MPa,7.5 ％ and 82.3 kg mm-2 without TMF to 225.5 MPa,116.1 MPa,13.6 ％ and 105.2 kg mm-2.Contrastively,although upward TMF can reduce Al3Ti and refine α-Al,it increases the formation of Al6Mn,Al2Cu,secondary dendrites,overlaps between dendrites,and shrinkage defects;then it deflects and disorders the growth of α-Al,further to decrease the overall performance of alloys.     

Incorporation of new technique for processing of Al/SiCp composites based on evaporative pattern casting (EPC) method

Abstract

A336 Al matrix composites containing different volume fraction and mean mass particle size of SiC particles as the reinforcing phase were synthesised by evaporative pattern casting (EPC) route. The process consisted of fabricating of EPS/SiC_p composite pattern followed by EPC of A336 Al alloy. The EPS/SiC_p pattern was made by blending SiC particles with expandable polystyrene (EPS) beads and placing them in expanding mould heating with steam until EPS beads expand completely. Uniform distributed SiC particles around the EPS beads and locally movement of them during pouring and degradation leads to homogenous distribution of particles in final Al/SiC_p composite. Higher modulus, strength and hardness were observed in the composites than the unreinforced Al alloy part. The fracture surfaces of the composite samples exhibited dimple surfaces and fracture in SiC particles.     

SiC_P/Al复合材料晶面衍射弹性常数的两相模型计算

通过分析外载荷作用下,SiCP/Al复合材料中Al基体相和SiC相的相互作用关系,运用自洽方法和Eshelby夹杂理论,建立了一套预测SiCP/Al复合材料"晶面衍射弹性常数"的两相模型。运用该模型计算SiC相和Al相若干晶面的"晶面衍射弹性常数",并与实验测量值进行比对。结果显示,SiC相的{101}及{116}晶面和Al相的{222}晶面的模型计算值均与实验值高度吻合,偏差小于6%。其他晶面的弹性常数值与实验值的偏差均在15%之内。说明该理论模型具有较好的预测性,可靠性较高。通过这一理论预测模型来计算复合材料的"晶面衍射弹性常数"既能避免实验测量的繁琐,减少人力和物力资源浪费,又能得到难以通过实验测量获得的"晶面衍射弹性模量"。     

Studies on squeeze casting of Al 2124 alloy and 2124-10% SiCp metal matrix composite

Aluminium 2124 alloy and its composite with 10% SiC particles of average particle size of 23 μm were squeeze cast at different pressures. The effect of squeeze pressure during solidification was evaluated with respect to microstructural characteristics using optical microscopy and image analysis and mechanical properties by tensile testing. The microstructural refinement, elimination of casting defects such as shrinkage and gas porosities and improved distribution of SiC particles in the case of the composite were resulted when pressure is applied during solidification. A pressure level of 100 MPa was found to be sufficient to get the microstructural refinement and very low porosity level in both the alloy and the composite. The improved mechanical properties observed in the squeeze cast alloy and the composite could be attributed to the refinement of microstructure within the material.