基于CAE的PP塑料件注射成型工艺参数的影响及优化

利用Moldflow软件对某建筑用塑料件的注射成型过程进行了模拟分析,首先研究了单个实验因素对塑料件翘曲量的影响,然后根据实验结果采用正交设计实验方法对注射成型工艺参数进行了优化。结果表明,在选取的注射成型工艺参数中,其中模具温度、熔体温度、保压压力和注射时间对翘曲量影响较大,适当增加模具温度、熔体温度和保压压力可有效减小翘曲量,注射时间对翘曲量的影响比较复杂,翘曲量随注射时间的延长先减小后增加;根据各工艺参数对翘曲量的影响规律,确定各工艺参数水平,优化后的成型工艺参数改善塑料件质量,有效地减小了塑料件翘曲量。     

薄壁塑件注射成型翘曲变形的工艺优化

本文以注射成型照相机前壳为研究对象,以注塑成型中的翘曲量为优化目标,利用正交试验结合CAE模拟技术,研究模具温度、熔体温度、注射时间、保压时间、保压压力和冷却时间对制品翘曲的影响规律。用均值分析法得到最小翘曲变形的一组优化工艺参数组合,并进行CAE模拟验证。再运用方差分析确定各个工艺参数对翘曲变形的影响程度。     

薄壁塑件注射成型翘曲变形的工艺优化

本文以注射成型照相机前壳为研究对象,以注塑成型中的翘曲量为优化目标,利用正交试验结合CAE模拟技术,研究模具温度、熔体温度、注射时间、保压时间、保压压力和冷却时间对制品翘曲的影响规律。用均值分析法得到最小翘曲变形的一组优化工艺参数组合,并进行CAE模拟验证。再运用方差分析确定各个工艺参数对翘曲变形的影响程度。     

工艺参数对注塑制品翘曲变形的影响

运用正交试验,通过Moldflow模拟分析,将模拟分析样条与实际注塑成型微样条进行对比,研究了模具温度、熔体温度、保压时间、保压压力、注射压力工艺参数对注射成型制品翘曲变形的影响。通过微型样条模具进行成型实验,用三坐标测量仪对成型制品的翘曲变形进行了测量。结果表明,保压压力和熔体温度对样条翘曲变形的影响较大,实际注塑成型样条的翘曲变形量比模拟分析的翘曲变形量大,拉伸样条模拟数值与实际的平均差值为0. 205 mm,实际值比模拟值增大了约50%;冲击样条的模拟数值与实际数值的平均差值为0. 240 5 mm。     

数值模拟方法在注射成型中的应用

利用Moldflow数值模拟分析软件,在对手机外壳进行浇口定位分析和流动、保压、冷却分析,优化浇口位置和成型工艺条件的基础上,分析了部分注塑工艺参数如保压压力、熔体温度、保压时间等对注塑件翘曲量和体积收缩率的影响,为注射成型合理选择成型工艺参数提供了依据。     

基于Moldflow和DOE技术的翘曲变形工艺优化

文章采用CAE模拟软件Moldflow结合DOE试验技术对开关上盖进行填充、保压、冷却以及翘曲的模拟分析,研究模具温度、熔体温度、保压压力和保压时间等不同成型工艺参数对翘曲指标的影响,通过对试验结果运用极差和方差进行分析,在试验范围内获得最佳成型工艺参数组合.     

基于Moldflow和正交试验设计的注射成型工艺参数的优化

以保护盖为研究对象,采用Moldflow软件对其注射成型过程进行了数值模拟,结合正交试验设计方法,研究了熔体温度、模具表面温度、成型时间、保压时间与保压压力5个工艺因素对塑件体积收缩率和翘曲变形量的影响。通过对模拟结果的信噪比分析和方差分析,获得了各因素的最佳水平,进而获得了最优工艺参数组合。对最优组合工艺参数的注射成型进行模拟试验,验证了采用正交试验设计优化注射成型工艺参数的有效性。     

注射成型工艺参数对塑料制品翘曲变形的影响研究

以方形塑料板注射成型工艺为例,以翘曲变形为评价指标,采用Taguchi方法、极差和方差分析方法,优化了模具温度、熔体温度、保压压力和保压时间,获得了最佳工艺参数组合。进行了单因素变动实验和工艺参数交互作用实验,研究了单工艺参数和交互作用对塑料板翘曲变形的影响。结果表明,翘曲变形量随模具温度的增大而增大,随熔体温度、保压压力和保压时间的增大而减小;模具温度和熔体温度、模具温度和保压压力、熔体温度和保压时间的交互作用对翘曲变形影响显著,模具温度和保压时间、熔体温度和保压压力、保压压力和保压时间的交互作用对翘曲变形影响不显著。     

基于正交试验法的汽车保险杠注塑成型工艺参数多目标优化研究

以某汽车保险杠为研究对象,应用Moldflow有限元分析,以注塑成型质量中的翘曲量和体积收缩率为质量指标,采用CAE模拟技术结合正交试验,分析熔体温度、模具温度、注射时间、保压时间和保压压力对制品质量的影响规律。用极差分析法分别得到翘曲变形和体积收缩变形的最优工艺参数组合。最后利用多目标综合平衡法,选出兼顾最小的翘曲变形和体积收缩率的工艺参数组合,并对该工艺组合方案进行模拟验证。     

基于正交试验法的加湿器底座注塑工艺优化设计

以加湿器底座为例,结合正交试验法和模流分析软件Moldfl ow,对不同注塑工艺条件下的底座零件成型过程进行分析,确定塑料件的翘曲量为塑料件表面质量的评价指标。通过对塑料件的翘曲量的极差分析,确定了模具温度、熔体温度、填充时间、保压方式和保压压力等工艺参数对塑料件翘曲量的影响程度的大小,绘制了水平影响趋势图,分析得出最优的注塑工艺参数配置,并对该工艺参数配置进行了模拟对比分析。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。