膨润土—絮凝—内电解法处理酸性蓝印染废水

实验研究了膨润土-絮凝-内电解法处理印染废水，研究结果表明，经膨润土和絮凝后，色度去除率达99.5%，经内电解降解后，CODcr去除率达98.2%，达到国家印染废水一级排放标准（GB4287-92）。     

膨润土对酸性蓝染料废水的脱色研究

采用酸活化膨润土处理酸性蓝印染废水 ,其脱色效果很好 ,色度去除率可达 96% ,且CODCr去除率可达63 %。若再经絮凝剂絮凝处理后 ,色度降至 2 0倍 ,可达国家工业废水二级排放标准的色度要求     

海绵铁腐蚀电池法预处理印染废水的研究

研究了由精矿粉和氧化铁磷加工而成的多孔性海绵铁预处理印染废水的性能。该方法是基于电化学、氧化-还原、物理吸附以及絮凝沉淀的共同作用,有效地降低了印染废水的色度和CODCr,色度去除率可达90%以上,CODCr去除率可达60%左右,并且提高了印染废水的可生化性。     

混凝-活性炭吸附处理印染废水的试验研究

利用混凝-活性炭吸附法处理印染废水,研究混凝过程pH,聚合氯化铝(PAC)投加量,搅拌时间,沉淀时间和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)投加量对印染废水COD,色度的去除率的影响。考察了吸附过程中溶液pH和吸附剂投加量等因素对印染废水COD,色度去除率的影响,确定了最佳处理条件。结果表明:COD和色度的去除率分别达92.5%,93.7%。     

催化氧化-絮凝沉淀处理橡胶助剂废水工程实例

针对橡胶助剂废水的特点,利用催化氧化-絮凝沉淀工艺对废水进行处理。工程运行结果显示,催化氧化-絮凝沉淀工艺对橡胶助剂废水具有较好的处理效果。该工艺对COD的总去除率达92.6%,苯胺类的总去除率达98.6%。污水处理站出水能够满足《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-1996）二级标准要求。     

交联改性壳聚糖/活性炭复合絮凝剂处理印染废水研究

为了提高壳聚糖处理印染废水效果,用戊二醛对其进行交联改性,并探究了交联改性后的壳聚糖与活性炭联用处理印染废水时交联壳聚糖和活性炭质量比、复合絮凝剂投加量、絮凝时间、絮凝温度、pH等因素对印染废水处理效果的影响,结果表明,当交联壳聚糖和活性炭质量比1∶7、复合絮凝剂投加量5 g、絮凝时间2 h、絮凝温度40℃、pH=3.5时印染废水处理效果最好,脱色率和COD去除率分别达98.03%和87.16%,达到了理想的印染废水处理效果。     

曝气微电解-絮凝沉淀法处理高浓度化工废水

对两步曝气微电解-絮凝沉淀工艺处理高浓度化工废水进行了中试研究,结果pH由偏酸、偏碱性调整至中性,矿化度降低44%;两步微电解COD去除率为45%,絮凝沉淀COD去除率49%,COD总去除率达72%;废水可生化性由0.18提高到0.38,为后续生化处理工艺奠定了良好基础.     

絮凝-超滤组合工艺深度处理印染废水及阻力分析

采用絮凝-超滤组合工艺对工业印染废水的二级生化出水进行深度处理,探讨了絮凝、超滤及絮凝-超滤联用对废水中COD和浊度等去除的效果,从膜通量和膜阻力的角度分析了絮凝对减轻膜污染的作用.结果表明,超滤具有较好的除浊功能,去除率高达92%,COD去除率仅43%,PAC投加量为50mg·L~(-1)时,单独絮凝对浊度去除率可达60.5%,但对COD去除率低于20%.絮凝-超滤联用不仅能提高产水水质,使浊度和COD去除率分别达到99.8%和54%,而且对提高产水通量和减轻膜污染效果显著.通过阻力计算表明,直接超滤的阻力主要为可恢复阻力,不同压力下R_r/R_(ir)值均在0.7以上,絮凝+冲洗可大幅减小膜阻力,因而更适于工业化应用.     

电催化氧化预处理2-氯-5-氯甲基噻唑废水

以电催化氧化为主要技术,采用电催化氧化-吸附工艺预处理2-氯-5-氯甲基噻唑废水,考察了废水初始pH值、电流、时间等对电催化氧化COD去除率及处理后废水pH值的影响,同时选取了活性炭和膨润土作为吸附剂处理电催化氧化后的电解液,考察了两吸附剂对COD去除率及处理后废水pH值的影响。结果表明,电催化氧化的适宜条件为初始pH值=7,电流为15A,电解时间为4 h,在此条件下,电催化氧化对COD的去除率为87.3%;膨润土吸附效果优于活性炭,膨润土的适宜吸附时间为40 min,吸附后对电解液COD的去除率为28.9%,且吸附后废水呈中性。     

阳离子聚丙烯酰胺复合插层有机膨润土的脱色性能

用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺（CPAM）分别插层改性钠基膨润土及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）有机膨润土,分析了改性膨润土的结构,并研究了其对模拟及实际印染废水的脱色性能.结果表明,CPAM复合插层改性的CTMAB有机膨润土的层间距d001（20.480A）大于CTMAB有机膨润土（19.211A）、CPAM改性膨润土（13,604A）和钠基膨润土（13.270A）的层间距.用100mgCPAM复合插层改性膨润土处理200mL（30mg/L）活性艳红K-2G模拟染色废水时,脱色率达99%以上;处理实际印染废水时,脱色率可以达到94%,表现出优良的吸附、脱色、絮凝沉降的协同作用.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。