湖南职业教育水利类人才培养对策研究

职业教育专业以产业发展为导向,水利产业转型升级改变了行业人才的就业现状,影响水利类高职人才培养的专业定位、专业设置和专业建设。通过分析水利产业转型升级对行业人才的要求,深入探讨当前高职院校在水利类高级技术技能人才培养方面的不足,并从对接产业集群构建专业群角度,从水利类专业设置、人才培养规格的调整、课程体系的重构、信息化教育教学管理机制等方面入手,思考培养适应产业转型升级要求的高素质人才。     

我院获五项省高等职业技术教育研究会课题

近日，由广东省高等职业教育研究会组织专家评审，并经理事长会议批准，我院有五项2011年度申报课题获得立项资助。其中，赖永辉老师的《企业深度参与基础上的人才培养质量提高方法探索与实践》获得重点课题资助；袁以美老师的《珠三角经济转型背景下高职市场营销专业三导四合人才培养模式研究》、蒋伯杰老师的《高职院校环保和低碳生活研究》...     

高职院校内部多元利益相关者治理——基于章程框架

经济转型带来了社会多元利益格局的形成,高职院校作为公共服务事业单位,一元利益框架下的内部治理模式局限性日益凸显。利用利益相关者理论,构建基于多元利益共同体为基础的新型高职院校内部治理模式,实现利益主体共同利益"极大值",充分保障受教育者利益诉求,是高职院校内部治理改革的有益探索。     

水利职业教育产教融合路径研究

现代水利职业教育必须将产教融合基本理念贯穿于改革发展始终,将其深入地嵌入到经济转型、产业升级和技术提升之中,主动对接水利行业产业,突出校企协同育人,有针对地提升人才培养计划。但从水利行业总体布局和社会发展全局的视角来审视水利职业教育产教融合,其还存在产教融合深度不足、企业内驱动力不够、高职院校产教融合能力稍显不足、产教协同合作机制不完善不适应等现实问题。为促进水利职业教育产教融合的实质性开展,提高新时代水利职业教育的现代化水平,本文在共生理论指导下,针对水利职业教育产教融合路径优化进行探索研究。     

高职校园文化建设中辅导员主体作用发挥刍探

"校园文化"建设作为高职院校改革与发展中的重要"软实力",在促进高职教育的内涵建设、丰富高职院校师生文化生活、提高高职教育人才培养质量、促进高职教育转型升级等方面都具有重要的作用。辅导员是高职院校校园文化建设中的重要主体之一,对于校园文化的构建与传播,彰显校园文化的功能,发挥着不可替代的主体作用。     

高本衔接视域下高职人才培养模式改革策略

为将国家构建现代职业教育体系决定落到实处,服务现代企业发展,促进现代产业提质增效,以培养高素质技术型实用人才为主要目标的高职院校应积极开展人才培养模式改革。针对高职院校培育具备高度创新能力和良好职业素养的人才需求,以高本衔接高职人才培育为视角,探寻高职人才培养模式改革的最佳策略。     

基于工学交替模式下的高职水利水电建筑工程专业人才培养方案构建与剖析

在国家级示范高职院校建设过程中,安徽水利水电职业技术学院水利水电建筑工程专业构建了基于工学交替模式下的人才培养方案,探索出了适合高职教育的专业人才培养方案的新思路.     

“一带一路”战略下面向东南亚的英语人才培养模式研究——以广东高职院校涉农专业为例

人才培养是当前国家战略发展和建设的紧迫问题。服务"一带一路"面向东南亚发展战略,就新形势新要求,分析广东高职院校涉农专业国际化英语人才培养过程中存在的问题,从人才培养规划、专业设置、师资培训、教学模式、校企合作和跨文化交际等方面提出了一系列适合人才培养的具体改进对策,希望借此推动高职院校国际化英语人才培养模式向深层次、宽领域、高水平的可持续发展方向前进,为优化高职院校办学水平与人才培养的质量提供了对策借鉴。     

行业高职院校构建工学结合人才培养模式的探讨

以分析行业高职院校特点为基础,以我院工学结合人才培养模式的实践为依据,对行业高职院校在实践工学结合人才培养模式过程中存在的问题予以总结,探讨行业高职院校工学结合人才培养模式得以顺利实施的诸多保障.     

高职院校泛实践教学体系构建探讨

高职院校培养面向建设、管理、服务、生产一线的高素质技术技能型人才,实践教学在技术技能型人才培养中的作用至关重要。对此,以泛教育理论为指导,探索构建"三向引领、三级递进、四形保障"的高职院校泛实践教学体系。     

地下厂房施工过程的三维非线性数值模拟分析

根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。     

Evaluation of freshwater mussel relocation as a conservation and management strategy

The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.     

基于模型试验的河床砂砾石层基本特性研究

为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。     

Serial discontinuities in a Rocky mountain river. I. Distribution and abundance of plecoptera

Samples were taken year-round at eleven sites along the altitudinal profile (2900-1400 m a.s.l.) of the Gunnison River, a 329 km tributary of the Colorado River, to document the distribution of the Plecoptera and to evaluate responses to hypolimnial-release dams in the headwaters and middle reaches. Twenty-two species were present, with the greatest species richness occurring in an unregulated segment upstream of the middle reach dams; average nymphal biomass over the study period (175 organisms, 395 mg dry mass m^?2) was also greatest in this segment. Only four species (58 organisms, 48 mg m^?2) were present in the tailwaters of the headwater dam and values were greatly reduced (nine species; 35 organisms, 180 mg m^?2) below the middle reach dams. The stonefly community recovered ca. 80 km downstream from the last dam (15 species; 244 organisms, 250 mg m^?2), apparently in response to natural resetting of environmental conditions corresponding to those above the middle reach dams. At the most downstream site (11) only four species (four organisms, 16 mg m^?2) were present. The observed distributional pattern is a classic serial discontinuity in response to hypolimnial stream regulation in a temperate latitude river.     

基于BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型的隧道围岩位移预测

在隧道工程施工中,围岩位移预测起着很重要的作用。将BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型引入到隧道围岩位移预测中来,通过对训练样本的学习,利用BP神经网络实现了对位移时间序列的滚动预测,同时得到了实测值与预测值的相对误差;在此基础上利用马尔科夫链对相对误差进行修正,有效地提高了预测结果的精度。并将该模型应用于某公路隧道拱顶下沉位移时序预测中,结果表明该模型具有精度高、科学可靠的特点,为隧道围岩变形的预测提供了新的途径。     

Short communication. Pipelines as a refuge for freshwater snails

In the lower River Murray, Australia, populations of gastropods have declined markedly over the past 40 years. Of the native fauna of about 18 species, only the ancylid Ferrissia petterdi remains common (but in patches), and another five species feature in sporadic local resurgences. Until recently the viviparid Notopala was thought to be extinct. The introduced physid Physa acuta is widespread, but in low numbers. The decline probably is associated with flow regulation, high turbidity and the introduction of common carp. Snail populations have persisted, however, in irrigation pipelines fed from the river, where they periodically cause blockages. This paper reports the discovery of the only known populaion of Notopala hanleyi in a pipeline where the inner wall accumulates microbial and other organic matter, providing high quality food for snails. In the Murray before regulation most of the periphytic biomass was probably microbial, as fluctuating water levels would have maintained littoral communities in a highly productive, early state of succession his postulated that, by stabilizing seasonal water levels, regulation has promoted the production of filamentous green algae, an inferior food source, and so displaced snail populations from the open aquatic environment.     

浙江省水域调查录入系统的设计和应用

浙江省水域调查录入系统将调查数据与电子地图相整合,对分类水域数据进行统计计算,并对输入数据进行合理性和完整性检查,得到调查范围内现有水域的详细数据,实现了水域调查数据输入、计算、统计和查询的数字化管理,提高了工作效率和工作质量,为各地下阶段水域保护规划编制和水域管理工作提供了数据支持。对该系统的设计原则、功能和技术设计等作了介绍。     

基于CT-连续加荷水泥乳化沥青混凝土细观损伤规律研究

利用CT技术对水泥乳化沥青混凝土的细观损伤过程进行实时扫描观测,获得了混凝土试件在连续加荷下的CT图像。通过采用直观分析法、CT数分析法、CT数与损伤变量关系3种方法分析表明,水泥乳化沥青混凝土的破坏过程可分为压密、扩容、裂纹扩展、破坏4个阶段,同时混凝土在受压过程中具有韧性,在极限荷载之前各断面处于压密和微扩容的强化阶段,极限荷载之后混凝土从损伤到破坏发展比较平稳。     

Automated system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash from electric precipitator hoppers

A system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash is examined, in which air pulses act on batches (pistons) of ash formed in a duct. Studies are made of the effect of several physical parameters on the force required to displace a piston of ash and these serve as a basis for choosing a system for removal and pneumatic transport of ash simultaneously from several hoppers of an electric precipitator. This makes it possible to separate the ash particles according to size without introducing additional components. Formulas are given for calculating the structural and dynamic parameters of this system and measurements of indirect dynamic parameters are used to calculate the input-output characteristics of the system. In order to optimize the system, configurations for summing several ducts into a single transport duct for pneumatic ash transport are proposed. Some variants of dry ash utilization and the advantages of producing of size-separated particles are considered. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 2, pp. 26–30 (2008).     

The flood pulse advantage and the restoration of river-floodplain systems

The ‘flood pulse advantage’ is the amount by which fish yield per unit mean water area is increased by a natural, predictable flood pulse. Evidence for this increase is presented from tropical and temperate fisheries. It is argued that increasing multispecies fish yield by restoring the natural hydrological regime is consistent with increasing production of other trophic levels and with restoration from ecological and aesthetic viewpoints. When applied to a river-floodplain system, this restoration would provide a large, self-sustaining potential for recreation, commercial exploitation, and flood control. An interim ‘natural flood pulse’ restoration approach is proposed for systems modified for navigation. This approach approximates the natural hydrological regime in a river reach and is intended as a first step in the long process of restoring the watershed.