微碳深冲钢板非{111}织构的形成过程

结合实际生产,采用金相分析、织构测量和透射电镜等方法,研究了微碳深冲钢板中出现的非{111}织构在钢板再结晶时的形成过程,并分析了非{111}织构与冷轧压下率和析出物的关系。研究结果表明：非{111}织构在冷轧变形后即已形成,冷轧压下率较小时,非{111}织构组分相对{111}织构较强;冷轧组织中存在的非{111}取向晶粒在退火过程中会优先成核和优先生长;非{111}织构的形成对AlN的析出不敏感。     

冷轧微碳深冲钢板的非{111}织构及其形成原因和对策

结合实际生产和实验室实验,介绍了试制的冷轧微碳深冲钢板中出现的远离常规的非{111}织构的情况。分析了这种非{111}织构的特征及其对钢板塑性应变比的影响,并研究了非{111}织构的工序演变过程及冷轧织构的形成特点,在此基础上进一步分析了非{111}织构的热轧原因,并研究了冷轧压下率和罩式退火升温速度对非{111}织构的影响。最后,依据非{111}织构的形成特点和{111}织构的产生条件提出了控制冷轧微碳深冲钢板织构的对策。     

冷轧压下率和罩式退火升温速度对微碳深冲钢板织构的影响

在四辊冷轧试验机和Gleeble-1500试验机上进行了热轧微碳钢板的冷轧和退火试验。用D/max-RC衍射仪测量了试样的1／4层织构，并用Roe软件进行了ODF分析。研究表明，所研究的热轧微碳深冲板压下率约为75％，退火升温速度为20－40℃/h时，试样为{111}织构特征；压下率较大（80％）时，退火织构为较弱的{111}组分。无论{111}织构还是非{111}织构都是在形核阶段开始形成，在晶粒长大优先长大，受到定向形核和选择生长双重机制的作用。     

精轧温度对超纯21%Cr铁素体不锈钢织构演变和成形性能的影响

研究了超纯21%Cr铁素体不锈钢精轧温度对织构演变规律和成形性能的影响。将粗轧板坯切块并在900~750℃范围内进行精轧,随后经相同的热轧退火、酸洗、冷轧及退火处理,系统研究了试样的宏观织构、显微织构和成形性能的变化规律。结果表明:精轧温度对铁素体不锈钢的织构演变有重要影响,降低热轧精轧温度有利于增加热轧退火板中{111}再结晶织构组分;冷轧及冷轧退火板的织构分布具有明显的遗传性,热轧板中较高的{111}再结晶织构组分,促进了冷轧退火板中{111}再结晶织构的生成,从而提高了铁素体不锈钢的成形性能。     

Ti与Nb微合金化汽车用钢二相粒子及织构研究

Ti与Nb微合金化汽车用钢中较大的二相析出粒子为方形的TiN,尺寸80~120 nm;较小的二相粒子主要为TiC、NbC及其复合析出物,尺寸12~25 nm;最小的析出粒子尺寸约3 nm,能谱分析为NbC。钢中析出的二相粒子均匀分布在基体中。试验钢的热轧织构主要由{001}110、{112}110、{111}110组分组成,同时也包含有γ和α组分,取向密度≥5。冷轧织构主要由高密度的γ织构和α织构组成,不稳定择优取向比热轧织构少。退火后组织中的α织构强度减弱,而γ织构呈管状分布且强度增加。从热轧到冷轧再从冷轧到退火,其织构具有遗传性。     

Ti-IF钢析出物行为与织构研究

研究了Ti-IF无间隙原子钢热轧、冷轧、退火(700、800℃)过程的析出行为与织构.该钢在700℃退火过程中形成的FeTiP析出颗粒降低了{111}织构强度,导致r值降低;而800℃退火过程中形成的析出颗粒提高{111}织构强度,强的{111}织构强度增加r值.700℃退火析出物主要为FeTiP,800℃退火析出物主要为Ti4C2S2;由于形成Ti4C2S2析出物,使C在再结晶退火过程中很容易从固溶体中析出而形成{111}织构,促使800 ℃退火时获得良好的成型性.     

Ti-IF钢不同退火温度析出行为与织构研究

研究了Ti-IF无间隙原子钢热轧、冷轧、退火(700、800℃)过程的析出行为与织构。该钢在700℃退火过程中形成的Fe Ti P析出颗粒降低了{111}织构强度,导致r值降低;而800℃退火过程中形成的析出颗粒提高{111}织构强度,强的{111}织构强度增加r值。700℃退火析出物主要为Fe Ti P,800℃退火析出物主要为Ti4C2S2;由于形成Ti4C2S2析出物,使C在再结晶退火过程中很容易从固溶体中析出而形成{111}织构,促使800℃退火时获得良好的成型性。     

无取向电工钢冷轧及退火织构的演变

运用不同冷轧、退火工艺的实验及ODF分析方法,分析了电工钢50W600的热轧织构、冷轧织构及再结晶织构的演变.研究表明:热轧带几乎是随机织构,α线非常弱;随着冷轧变形量的提高,晶粒在α线取向附近聚集程度不断提高,变形81%时,{001}《110》和{112}《110》取向密度分别为12和14.随退火温度升高和保温时间延长,α线的取向密度下降,{001}《110》和{112}《110》取向密度急剧降低,γ线{111}《112》密度显著增加,晶粒取向绝大多数聚集在γ线{111}《112》取向附近.通过控制冷轧及退火工艺,可有利于发展高{100}织构组分的冷轧无取向电工钢.     

低碳钢板冷轧织构的不均匀性

用X射线衍射法测量了冷轧低碳钢板的表层和心部织构.实验结果表明,钢板表层主要包含{112}〈110〉和{001}〈110〉织构组分,心部主要包含{112}〈110〉和{111}〈110〉织构组分,说明低碳钢板冷轧织构具有不均匀性.用改进的Sachs模型模拟了体心立方金属冷轧织构的演化过程,与实验结果有较好的一致性.     

B对含P高强度无间隙原子钢{111}面织构的影响

借助光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)技术及电子背散射衍射(EBSD)技术,分析了2种含P高强度无间隙原子(IF)钢的热轧组织和热轧、冷轧及退火织构,结果表明:不含B与含B的高强IF钢热轧后,均得到多边形铁素体,但不含B热轧板晶粒尺寸较大。2种钢热轧板织构均比较散漫,γ纤维织构强度较弱,而不含B的IF钢经过80%大变形量冷轧以后,获得强的γ纤维织构,{111}面织构的体积分数达到41.41%,而含B的IF钢冷轧后{111}面织构的体积分数为33.83%。含B的IF钢冷轧后{112}110织构组分的体积分数比不含B的IF钢要高。2种实验钢在810℃退火60~180s以后,{111}面织构强度进一步增强,不含B的IF钢退火120s后{111}面织构的体积分数最大达到72.8%,而含B的IF钢退火120s后{111}面织构的体积分数最大达到66.6%。     

Evolution of Through-Thickness Texture in Ultra Purified 17%Cr Ferritic Stainless Steels

 Texture inhomogeneity usually takes place in ferritic stainless steels due to the lack of phase transformation and recrystallization during hot strip rolling, which can deteriorate the formability of final sheets. In order to work out the way of weakening texture inhomogeneity, conventional hot rolling and warm rolling processes have been carried out with an ultra purified ferritic stainless steel. The results showed that the evolution of through-thickness texture is closely dependent on rolling process, especially for the texture in the center layer. For both conventional and warm rolling processes, shear texture components were formed in the surface layers after hot rolling and annealing; sharp α-fiber and weak γ-fiber with the major component at {111}<110> were developed in both cold rolled sheet surfaces, leading to the formation of inhomogeneous γ-fiber dominated by {111}<112> after recrystallization annealing. In the center layer of conventional rolled and annealed bands, strong α-fiber and weak γ-fiber textures were formed; the cold rolled textures were comprised of sharp α-fiber and weak γ-fiber with the major component at {111}<110>, and inhomogeneous γ-fiber dominated by {111}<112> was formed after recrystallization annealing. By contrast, in the centre layer of warm rolled bands, the texture was comprised of weak α-fiber and sharp γ-fiber, and γ-fiber became the only component after annealing. The cold rolled texture displayed a sharp γ-fiber with the major component at {111}<112> and the intensity of γ-fiber close to that of α-fiber, resulting in the formation of a nearly homogeneous γ-fiber recrystallization texture in the center layer of the final sheet.     

CSP工艺0.04C钢热轧板冷轧-退火织构的演变

通过实验室4辊轧机和保护气氛管式退火炉，对0．04C钢CSP工艺生产的3姗热轧板进行冷轧（至0．8mm）和退火试验，并用蚀坑法对退火试样进行织构分析；同时对包钢薄板厂CSP3mm热轧板冷轧的1．2姗板卷退火试样进行了X-射线检测。结果表明，1．2mm SPCC冷轧板退火织构表层有较弱的{111}织构组分，中心层没有发现有利于提高钢的深冲性能的{111}织构。1．2mm板卷退火试样{111}／{100}取向密度比为2．0～3．0，与实验室蚀坑法的试验结果一致。     

CSP制无取向硅钢热轧、常化、冷轧织构的演变

运用EBSD和X射线衍射技术,研究了模拟CSP流程生产无取向硅钢在热轧-常化-冷轧过程中织构的演变。热轧板沿板厚方向应力场和温度场的差异导致由表至中织构锋锐度增高,织构类型存在明显变化,表层主织构为B类纤维织构,次表层为A类纤维织构,中心层为旋转立方织构{001}<110>。常化过程削弱了这种差异性,但中心层仍保留了一定强度的立方织构{001}<100>。冷轧板表层及中心层的主织构均为{112}<110>、{111}<112>,表层织构锋锐度较中心层的强。分析表明热轧、常化、冷轧织构的演变与基体初始织构、组织密切相关。表层、次表层热轧板织构经常化演化成散漫、分布较均匀的织构,中心层主要织构由{001}<-1-10>绕RD逆时针旋转45°演化至{001}<0-10>。冷轧后织构演变为以{223}<110>为主的B类织构和以{111}<112>为主的A类织构。     

Textures and Properties of Hot Rolled High Strength Ti-IF Steels

The texture evolution in a high strength Ti-IF steel during the processing of hot rolling, cold rolling, and annealing is studied. For comparison, both ferrite rolling and austenite rolling are employed. It is found that the texture type is the. same after ferrite rolling and austenite rolling, but the texture intensity is much higher in the ferrite rolled sample. Furthermore, texture characteristics at the surface are absolutely different from those at the mid sec tion in both ferrite rolled and austenite rolled samples, as well as under the cold rolled and annealed conditions. The shear texture { 110 } 〈001 〉 disappears and orientation rotates along { 110 } 〈001 〉→ { 554 } 〈 225 〉→ { 111 } 〈 112 〉→{111}〈110〉→{223}〈110〉 during cold rolling. Compared to the austenite rolled sample, the properties of the cold rolled and annealed sheet which is subjected to ferrite rolling are higher.     

Texture of Cold Rolled Strip of Fe-3Si Steel Produced by Thin Slab Casting and Rolling

 The hot rolled strip of Fe-3Si steel was experimentally produced by thin slab casting and rolling (TSCR) process in the laboratory. The texture evolution rule was investigated during hot rolling and cold rolling. The texture distribution of cold rolled strips with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was observed through X-ray diffraction method, and the orientation density variation of 1/16 layer, 1/8 layer, 1/4 layer, and 1/2 layer in thickness was analyzed. The cold rolled texture of steel A with four kinds of cold rolling reduction schedules was mainly composed of α and γ fibers. Cold rolling reduction ratio of 70% was more beneficial for obtaining more γ fibers. The γ fiber texture orientation density of {111}<011> and {111}<1 12> was the largest on the 1/8 layer and 1/4 layer and the least on the 1/16 layer and 1/2 layer for steel B. The texture orientation density of {001}-{223}<110> in the α fibers for steel C was increased, but the texture orientation density of {332}-{110}<110> was low.     

IF钢冷轧退火板中第二相粒子分析与研究

采用CSP工艺生产的IF冷轧钢板,分析了热轧卷取温度、冷轧压下率、退火温度及保温时间对退火板中第二相粒子的影响。结果表明,提高卷曲温度、增大冷轧压下率,提高退火温度、延长保温时间均促进退火板中第二相粒子Ti(CN)与FeTiP聚集并复合生长,有利于{111}织构的发展。     

普通取向硅钢轧制过程中组织和织构的演变

借助电子背散射衍射(EBSD)及ZEISS-200MAT金相显微镜对某钢厂普通取向硅钢(CGO)进行研究,研究结果表明:热轧板组织、织构沿板厚方向存在明显的不均匀性,在热轧板表层及次表层发生再结晶,同时存在强度较高的Goss织构,中心层存在较强的{001}110变形织构。冷轧组织均呈纤维状条带组织,一次冷轧后,热轧板中的Goss织构消失,织构主要为α、γ织构,经中间脱碳退火后,α、γ织构强度减弱,并出现一定强度的Goss织构和利于Goss织构发展的{554}225、{332}113等织构,经二次冷轧后,二次冷轧织构类型与一次冷轧织构一致,但织构强度不同。