醇对络合物TpRu（PPh3）（CH3CN）H催化氢化二氧化碳生成甲酸的影响

研究了络合物TpRu(PPh3)(CH3CN)H在甲醇溶液中催化氢化CO2生成甲醇的最佳条件，进一步研究了甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、特丁醇为溶剂时对该络合物催化氢化CO2生成甲酸的影响，提出可能的催化反应机理。     

二氧化碳有机化工利用研究进展

CO2是对全球变暖贡献最大的温室气体,CO2减排已成为当今各国政府及科学界的重大战略课题。目前国内外CO2有机化工利用的方法主要有催化氢化、光催化、电化学等,生成的有机化工产品主要有甲烷,甲醇,甲酸,二甲醚,碳酸二甲酯、甲基丙烯酸等。在当前能源和基本化工原料紧缺的情况下,将CO2看作廉价资源,转化成化工产品具有深远意义。     

KOH/甲醇溶液中Pb电极上电化学还原CO2

化学转化CO2为更有价值的物质对于缓解大气中的温室气体极为重要.以Pb片为工作电极,石墨电极为对电极,银-氯化银电极为参比电极,研究了0.1 mol(L(1 KOH/甲醇电解液中电化学还原CO2的行为.结果表明,在所考察的范围内,常压下CO和甲酸生成的法拉第效率在258 K时最大,分别为9.62%和78.74%,常温加压条件下,CO2压力为1.2 MPa时CO和甲酸生成的法拉第效率最大,分别为13.93%和24.00%.进一步进行电极反应的动力学研究,得CO2电化学还原生成CO和甲酸的反应级数分别为0.573和0.671.     

金属络合物在超临界CO_2中的溶解度研究

在温度为308.15～328.15 K、压力为10～30 MPa的条件下,用超临界萃取装置测定了8-羟基喹啉铅、8-羟基喹啉汞、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸铅、二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸汞4种络合物在超临界CO2(SC-CO2)中的溶解度,分析了压力和温度对溶解度的影响.     

CO_2高效利用翻开新篇章 有望成为甲醇、丙烯酸、丁二醇、合成树脂原料

<正>CO2被认为是导致全球变暖的元凶之一,但它也并非全无用处。今年以来,国内外科研人员相继在CO2高效利用上取得进展,CO2有望成为甲醇、丙烯酸、丁二醇、甲酸、新型树脂新的原料来源。加氢合成甲醇法国原子能委员会下属的萨克莱辐射材料研究所的研究人员首先将CO2加氢合成甲酸,然后使用稀有金属钌作为催化剂,将甲酸转化为甲醇,生成率高达50%。美国华盛顿大学在2013年曾以稀有金属铱为基础开发出可将甲酸转化成甲醇的催化剂,但铱的     

CO32-在纳米LaCoO3悬浮体系中的光催化还原

用柠檬酸络合法合成了纳米钙钛矿型LaCoO3复合氧化物，并在其悬浮体系中对CO3^2-进行光催化还原实验，测定催化剂的用量，反应时间，溶液pH值及CO3^2-浓度等条件对还原产物甲酸，甲醛产量的影响。结果表明，纳米LaCoO3具有光催化还原活性，在其悬浮体系中CO3^2-可以被珲原为甲酸，甲醛等有机基本原料。     

13C NMR定量分析一乙醇胺（MEA）与CO2的吸收和解吸特性

13C NMR是一种有效的测定有机胺与CO2反应过程中离子浓度变化的检测手段。本文采用13C NMR分析了一乙醇胺(MEA)吸收与解吸CO2过程,吸收与解吸实验温度分别在313K和393K下进行。结果表明,吸收CO2过程中生成了MEA氨基甲酸盐、质子胺MEAH+与HCO3-/CO32-,并且CO2与MEA反应时先生成MEA氨基甲酸盐,当溶液吸收的CO2担载量达到0.455molCO2/mol胺时,才产生HCO3-/CO32-离子。在MEA吸收CO2过程中,MEA氨基甲酸盐的摩尔分数先增加后减少。在解吸过程中,MEA氨基甲酸盐的摩尔分数同样先增加后减少。HCO3-/CO32-在解吸过程中很容易就能被解吸,而生成的MEA氨基甲酸盐中大约有75%在解吸过程中并没有被解吸。     

[Ba(TEA)2](CH3CO2)2热分解性质的研究

利用热重分析法、差热分析法、X射线衍射法和红外光谱分析法研究了[Ba(TEA)2](CH3CO2)2的热分解性质。研究发现,在含氧气氛中加热到1200℃,[Ba(TEA)2](CH3CO2)2的分解过程经历了四个阶段。初始样品在熔化之后,在155℃至265℃之间首先分解生成了Ba(CH3CO2)2。而在390℃至480℃的温度区间内,Ba(CH3CO2)2的分解被分成两个步骤;在390℃时,Ba(CH3CO2)2首先分解生成BaC2O4,随后BaC2O4继续分解生成了α-BaCO3;在811℃左右,α-BaCO3相变转化为β-BaCO3。随着温度的升高,伴随着CO2气体的产生,β-BaCO3被最终分解得到BaO。     

纳米Al_2O_3负载Ru催化剂用于CO_2加氢合成甲酸研究

为了研究载体性质对Ru负载型催化剂的CO2加氢合成甲酸反应性能的影响,制备了以Al2O3纳米棒和γ-Al2O3为载体的一系列Ru基催化剂,采用透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、D2/OH交换和程序升温还原(H2-TPR)等方法详细表征催化剂的性质,并考察CO2加氢制甲酸的反应性能。结果表明:与传统Ru/Al2O3催化剂相比,以Al2O3纳米棒为载体时,Ru Ox物种在载体表面的分散程度高,Al2O3纳米棒的表面OH数目多,有利于提高催化剂的反应活性,另外当Ru在Al2O3纳米棒上的负载量(质量分数)为1%时,甲酸产量最高可以达到11.7mmol/h。     

雷尼镍催化氢化法制备吲哚-2-甲酸

以邻硝基甲苯和草酸二乙酯为起始原料,合成邻硝基苯丙酮酸乙酯的乙醇碱性溶液,再用雷尼镍催化剂,在60~70℃、1.5 MPa压力下,用催化氢化法合成了吲哚-2-甲酸,总收率为70%(以邻硝基甲苯计算),用熔点、NMR、GC-MS谱图表征了该化合物。雷尼镍催化氢化方法合成吲哚-2-甲酸成本较低、后处理简单、无环境污染。     

3-(3-甲基苯基)-丁醛的合成

以间甲基 α 甲基 苯乙烯为原料,以三苯基膦羰基氯化铑ＲｈＣｌ（ＣＯ）（ＰＰｈ３）２为催化剂,用Ｖ（Ｈ２）∶Ｖ（ＣＯ）＝１∶１的混合气经氢甲酰化反应以７５％的收率合成了新化合物３ （３ 甲基苯基） 丁醛,反应温度１２０℃,压力３．０ＭＰａ。该化合物具有清新、优雅的西瓜香气。     

Hydrogenation of cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene catalyzed by Ru(CHCH(Ph))Cl(CO)(PCy3)2

Hydrogenation is a useful method which has been used to improve oxidative and thermal degradation resistance of diene‐based polymers. The quantitative hydrogenation of cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene which leads to an alternating ethylene–propylene copolymer was studied in the present investigation. To examine the influence of key factors on the reaction, such as catalyst concentration, polymer concentration, hydrogen pressure, and temperature, a detailed study of the hydrogenation of cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene catalyzed by the Ru complex, Ru(CH?CH(Ph))Cl(CO)(PCy₃)₂ was carried out by monitoring the amount of hydrogen consumed. Infrared and ¹H‐NMR spectroscopic measurements confirmed the final degree of hydrogenation. The hydrogenation of cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene followed pseudo‐first‐order kinetics in double‐bond concentration up to high conversions of double bond, under all sets of conditions studied. The kinetic results suggested a first‐order behavior with respect to total catalyst concentration as well as with respect to hydrogen pressure. The apparent activation energy for the hydrogenation process, obtained from an Arrhenius plot, was 51.1 kJ mol^?1 over the temperature range of 130 to 180°C. Mechanistic aspects of the catalytic process are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3259–3273, 2004     

Facile Routes to Manganese(II) Triflate Complexes

Manganese(II) chloride reacts with trimethylsilyl triflate (TMS(OTf) where OTf = (-)OSO(2)CF(3)) in a 1:1 mixture of acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran, and after recrystallization affords the linear coordination polymer [Mn(II)(CH(3)CN)(2)(OTf)(2)](n). Each distorted octahedral manganese(II) center in the polymeric chain has trans-acetonitriles and the remaining equatorial coordination positions are occupied by the bridging triflate anions. Dissolving [Mn(II)(CH(3)CN)(2)(OTf)(2)](n) in equal volumes of acetonitrile and pyridine followed by recrystallization with diethyl ether yields trans-[Mn(II)(C(5)H(5)N)(4)(OTf)(2)]. The distorted octahedral geometry of the manganese center features monodentate trans-triflate anions and four equatorial pyridines. Exposure of either [Mn(II)(CH(3)CN)(2)(OTf)(2)](n) or [Mn(II)(C(5)H(5)N)(4)(OTf)(2)] to water readily gives [Mn(II)(H(2)O)(6)](OTf)(2). XRD reveals hydrogen-bonding interactions between the [Mn(II)(H(2)O)(6)](2+) cation and the triflate anion. All three of these species are easily crystallized and provide convenient sources of manganese(II) for further synthetic elaboration.     

混合C_8烯烃氢甲酰化反应的实验研究

对几种铑膦络合物催化混合 C8烯烃氢甲酰化反应作了实验研究 ,结果表明 ,在一定反应条件下 ,[Rh( CH3COO) 2 ]2 、Rh( CO) PPh3( acac)和 Rh6 ( CO) 16 均是有效的催化剂前体。配体、铑的浓度及溶剂对催化体系性能影响的实验证明 ,外加 OPPh3、选用适量 Rh浓度及加入二乙二醇二甲醚或四乙二醇二甲醚等溶剂对 C8烯烃氢甲酰化反应生成 C9醛是有利的。实验表明 ,对于 [Rh( CH3COO) 2 ]2 - OPPh3催化体系在 1 40℃及 1 0 .5MPa反应条件下 ,混合 C8烯烃氢甲酰化反应生成 C9醛的收率可达 90 %以上。     

Synthesis and Anti-Candida Activity of Cobalt(II) Complexes of Benzene-1,2-Dioxyacetic Acid (bdoaH(2)). X-Ray Crystal Structures of [Co(bdoa)(H(2)O)(3)] 3.5H(2)O and {[CO(phen)(3)](bdoa)}(2)24H(2)O (phen = 1,10-Phenanthroline)

Co(CH(3)CO(2))(2)4H(2)O reacts with benzene-1,2-dioxyacetic acid (bdoaH(2)) to give the Co(2+) complexes [Co(bdoa)(H(2)O)(3)]H(2)O (1a) and [Co(bdoa)(H(2)O)(3)] 3.5H(2)O (1b). Subsequent reaction of 1a with 1,10- phenanthroline produces [CO(phen)(3)] bdoa10H(2)O (2a) and {[CO(phen)(3)](bdoa)}(2)24H(2)O (2b). Molecular structures of 1b and 2b were determined crystallographically. In 1b the bdoa(2-)- ligates the metal by two carboxylate oxygens and two ethereal oxygens, whereas in 2b the bdoa(2-) is uncoordinated. The Mn(2+) and Cu(2+) complexes [Mn(bdoa)(phen)(2)]H(2)O (3) and [Cu(pdoa)(imid)(2)] (4) were also synthesised, 1a-4 and other metal complexes of bdoa H(2) (metal = Mn(2+), Co(2+) ,Cu(2+), Cu(+) ) were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth ofhe yeast Candida albicans. Complexes incorporating the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand were the most active.     

In Situ Hydrogenation of CO2 by Al/Fe and Zn/Cu Alloy Catalysts under Mild Conditions

The development of efficient metal catalysts for in situ hydrogenation of CO₂ in water under mild conditions has gained considerable attention. Three Al alloys (Al/Fe, Al/Fe/Cu, Al/Cu) and three Zn/Cu alloys for in situ hydrogenation of CO₂ in aqueous bicarbonate solutions were investigated. Hydrogen was generated by reaction of Al, Fe, and Zn in the alloys with water. In situ hydrogenation of CO₂ was likely to be catalyzed by intermetallic compounds and generated metal oxides. Al alloys catalyzed the hydrogenation to methane while Zn/Cu alloys produced CO and formic acid. Zn/Cu5 possessed the highest catalytic activity, which was attributed to the CuZn5 crystal planes in the alloys. Insights are provided into the importance of compositions and structures of alloys for the selectivity for in situ hydrogenation of CO₂ in aqueous bicarbonate solutions.     

稀土双膦酸酯配合物和稀土氯化物对Mannich反应的催化作用

研究了Dy(OTf)₃、DyCl₃和稀土双膦酸酯配合物{ ［Dy(OTf)₂L₂(H₂O)₂］(OTf)(CH₃CN)}［L=(iPrO)₂P(O)CH₂P(O)(iPrO)₂］ 等对Mannich 反应的催化作用,发现以Dy(OTf)₃为催化剂时,收率为54%,［Dy(OTf)₂L₂(H₂O)₂］(OTf)(CH₃CN)的收率仅为8%,DyCl₃收率达47%。研究了12种稀土金属氯化物对Mannich 反应的催化作用,其中,ErCl₃催化剂的收率最高,达到61%。     

7-氯-2-氧代庚酸乙酯的合成

7-氯-2-氧代庚酸乙酯是合成西司他丁的重要中间体。以微纳米碳酸钾为碱,1-溴-5-氯戊烷和丙二酸二乙酯在无水乙醇中反应得到2-(5-氯戊基)丙二酸二乙酯,然后在乙腈中三水硝酸铜催化下经空气氧化得到7-氯-2-氧代庚酸乙酯。探讨了第1步反应和第2步反应的影响因素,优化后两步反应总收率为90.2%。化合物的结构通过1HNMR和13CNMR进行了表征。     

醋酸乙烯氢甲酰化反应工艺中的区域选择性研究

醋酸乙烯氢甲酰化是带有多官能团的烯烃氢甲酰化反应,即其主要产物2-乙酰氧基丙醛和3-乙酰氧基丙醛具有双官能团酯基和醛基,经氢化水解可以得到1,2-丙二醇和1,3-丙二醇,或者经氧化水解得到乳酸和3-羟基丙酸等重要的工业原料及产品。对HRh(CO)(PPh3)3催化醋酸乙烯氢甲酰化反应进行研究,发现其对醋酸乙烯氢甲酰化反应具有良好的催化活性,且对生成2-乙酰氧基丙醛具有良好的选择性。同时对ROPAC(乙酰丙酮三苯基膦羰基铑)催化体系进行考察,发现使用DIOP(邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯)配体并降低反应温度至100℃时,可以增加3-乙酰氧基丙醛选择性。     

二氧化碳催化加氢研究进展

介绍了近年来由 CO2 催化加氢制取甲醇、烃类、醛类、甲酸和二甲醚等反应的研究进展