墙体储能用定形相变石蜡储热性能的实验研究

实验配制并研究了以高密度聚乙烯为支撑材料的定形相变石蜡.所使用的石蜡为由液体石蜡分别与46#石蜡、48#石蜡配制的两种适于墙体中使用低熔点混合物,相变温度分别为26.6、25.5℃,相变潜热较大.利用DSC实验研究了两种石蜡混合物分别与高密度聚乙烯按40%～90%比例配制成的定形相变材料的相变温度、相变潜热、均匀性和稳定性.定形相变材料在低温区的相变温度与石蜡的相变温度基本一致,在26～28℃之间,定形材料相变潜热近似等于石蜡的相变潜热与石蜡百分含量的乘积.定形相变材料中石蜡的最佳含量为70%,此时相变潜热约为100J/g.     

硬脂酸丁酯/多孔石墨定形相变材料的实验研究

本文利用多孔石墨的毛细管作用吸附硬脂酸丁酯制成了一种定形相变材料,利用DSC研究了硬脂酸丁酯质量含量不同的定形相变材料的相变温度、相变潜热和热稳定性,得出硬脂酸丁酯含量的临界值。研究结果表明:硬脂酸丁酯和纳米多孔石墨形成的定形相变材料相变温度合适、相变潜热较大、热稳定性好,是适合于在建筑墙体中使用的相变材料。     

高潜热相变砂浆与相变板墙体性能对比研究

相变储能墙体面临着相变温度不适宜、储能能力低、构建形式多但缺乏性能对比分析等问题。以相变砂浆、相变板墙体为对象,对其性能进行优化和对比研究。采用固、液石蜡、高密度聚乙稀(HDPE)按比例熔融混合制备出相变温度约为34.000℃的定形相变材料,该材料无泄漏、形状稳定,潜热为现有文献的2.00倍多。基于该材料制备出相变砂浆、相变板材,并构建两类相变-混凝土墙体结构,研究在相同边界条件和初始条件下两者的传热特性及节能效果。结果表明,以普通砂浆墙体为对照,相变砂浆、定形相变板可将内壁面最高温降低0.730、1.760℃,定形相变板保温隔热性能最优。定形相变板可将空调热负荷降低21.9%,高于相变砂浆;但其原料成本为普通砂浆的3.38倍;成本增幅较相变砂浆高出32.8%,而成本回收周期低33.3%。     

墙体储能用石蜡混合物的配制和储热性能实验研究

以石蜡混合物的配制和储热性能为研究对象,利用差示扫描量热仪实验研究了所配制的石蜡混合物的相变温度和相变潜热,旨在寻找适合墙体中使用的相变材料.混合物由46#石蜡、48#石蜡、十七烷、十八烷、二十烷和液态石蜡组成.实验结果表明:石蜡混合物的相变温度和相变潜热随石蜡混合物组份及组成比的不同而变化.通过调节混合比,可得到较宽熔点范围的石蜡混合物.提出了几种可用于相变墙体中作为储能材料的石蜡混合物.研究结果可为相变墙体的开发提供参考和依据.     

用于墙体中的固-固相变材料储热性能的研究

使用固一固相变材料作为墙体中的储能材料不会发生渗漏．能增加墙体的蓄热能力，减小室内温度波动，减少建筑能耗。通过实验研究了多元醇类相变材料组成的二元体系在不同组成下的储热性能，从材料的相变温度和相变潜热分析其应用于墙体中的可行性。研究结果表明：在一定的组成下，多元醇二元体系可达到墙体储能要求的相变温度，且相变潜热较大，是理想的墙体相变储能材料。     

硬脂酸正丁酯/聚苯乙烯定形相变材料实验

采用真空吸附法制备了硬脂酸正丁酯/聚苯乙烯定形相变材料,利用差示扫描量热仪研究了定形相变材料的热性能,真空吸附的定形相变材料的熔解温度为16.8℃,凝固温度为20.6℃,潜热值分别为72.3J/g和72.9J/g;1000次循环的DSC测试表明定形相变材料具有良好的稳定性;红外光谱扫描结果说明两种材料的融合没有结构的变化。结果表明,真空吸附的硬脂酸正丁酯/聚苯乙烯定形相变储热材料的相变温度合适、相变潜热大、热稳定性好,适合用作温室低温相变储热材料。     

石蜡高岭土相变储热材料的制备及表征

为克服太阳能不连续与不稳定引起的建筑物室内温度波动的现象,文章以石蜡与高岭土为试验原料,制备一种用于建筑墙体隔热保温的新型高岭土基相变储热材料。采用XRD,SEM,FTIR和DSC测试方法研究了相变储热材料的结构与性能。结果表明：高岭土具有良好的吸附性能,能物理吸附大量的石蜡至其孔隙结构;石蜡高岭土相变储热材料的熔融和冷凝温度分别为27.5,25.3℃,熔融和冷凝相变潜热值分别为33.5,32.9J/g;服役期间,石蜡未从储热材料中泄露,也未与高岭土化学键合;经1 000次循环试验后,储热材料的相变温度与相变潜热值变化不显著。高岭土优异的吸附能力赋予了该储热材料优异的吸储热能力。高岭土与石蜡较好的物理化学相容性使储热材料具有优良的化学稳定性。     

低温相变癸酸储热性能改良实验研究

通过实验方法对有机相变材料癸酸的储热性能进行改良.主要以癸酸为相变材料,高聚乙烯为支撑材料改良癸酸的储热性能,试制一种低温定形相变材料,分析改良后材料的均匀性和稳定性,讨论材料中癸酸掺混比例的临界值.通过差示扫描量热仪测试和T-History方法研究该材料的相变温度、相变潜热,并对比两种方法在测试中的优劣;T-Hist...     

与建筑一体化石蜡类相变材料研究与应用

介绍了目前国内外关于石蜡类相变材料作为建筑材料的一些研究成果,总结了石蜡类建材的选型以及封装技术.石蜡类相变蓄热材料因其具有相变潜热高、相变温度可根据组成进行调节、几乎没有过冷现象、熔化时蒸汽压力低、不易发生化学反应且化学稳定性较好-在多次吸放热后相变温度和相变潜热变化很小、自成核、没有相分离和腐蚀性等优点,较之其它蓄热建筑材料,性能更加优良且价格更低.研究表明,制作建筑板材应选择碳原子数较少相变温度较低的直链烷烃相变材料,采用微粒封装技术如制作微胶囊等.还举出多个国内外的例子,说明了石蜡类相变材料的应用情况.     

添加石蜡的相变水泥墙传热性能分析

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,模拟添加石蜡的相变水泥墙体和普通水泥墙体的传热性能。通过模拟计算,给出普通水泥墙和相变水泥墙在一侧受到热流时另一侧的表面温度和热流的变化规律,并与实验测试结果进行比较;通过对比研究相变墙体和普通墙体的传热性能,分析相变墙的节能效果和可行性;同时求解相变墙体表面恒温时间随导热系数和相变潜热的变化规律。结果显示:数值模拟结果与实验测试结果较吻合,模拟方法可行;与普通墙体相比,相变墙体的温度变化平缓,热流传递出现滞后,热流量小,节能效果较明显;提高相变材料的导热系数和潜热能提高表面恒温时间,有利于相变材料在墙体中的储能效果。     

Analysis of collector-storage building walls using phase-change materials

The use of thermal storage walls that serve both as solar collector and thermal storage is well known. The wall is usually composed of masonry or containers filled with water to provide sensible heat storage, i.e., storage resulting from the specific heat capacity of a material as it increases in temperature. An interesting alternative to the standard materials are phase-change materials (PCMs) which employ latent heat storage. Latent heat storage utilizes the energy associated with a change of state of a material such as the transition from a solid-to-liquid, or liquid-to-gas. The solid-to-liquid phase change is preferred for many applications because of the much smaller volume change resulting in this transition for a given amount of energy storage. This paper summarizes the results of a simulation study of the use of PCMs as a collector-storage wall.     

Thermal energy storage properties of a capric acid/stearic acid binary system and a 48# paraffin/liquid paraffin binary system

In this paper, the phase change temperature, latent heat and thermal stability of a capric acid/stearic acid binary system and a 48# paraffin/liquid paraffin binary system were experimentally studied. The experimental results showed that the phase change temperature and phase change latent heat change with the content of the component. The phase change temperatures of binary mixtures change in a wide range, so they can be used in different fields by adjusting the mixing ratio. The phase change latent heat of fatty acid mixtures is higher than that of paraffin mixtures. The thermal stability of fatty acid mixtures is better than that of paraffin mixtures. The mixtures used in the phase change material wall or the phase change material floor as energy storage materials were given in the paper.     

Thermal energy storage properties of the capric acid–stearic acid binary system and 48# paraffin–liquid paraffin binary system

In this paper, the phase change temperature, latent heat and thermal stability of the capric acid–stearic acid binary system and 48# paraffin–liquid paraffin binary system were experimentally studied. The experimental results showed that the phase change temperature and phase change latent heat change with the content of the component. The phase change temperature of binary mixtures changes in a wide range, so they can be used in different fields by adjusting mixing ratio. The phase change latent heat of fatty acid mixtures is higher than that of paraffin mixtures. The thermal stability of fatty acid mixtures is better than that of paraffin mixtures. The mixtures used in the phase change material (PCM) wall or the PCM floor as energy storage materials are given in the paper.     

Experimental study on the thermal properties of the phase change material wall formed by different methods

The thermal properties of the shape-stabilized phase change material walls with different structure were studied. The phase change material is composed of paraffin mixture and high-density polyethylene. The walls including concrete and shape-stabilized phase change material were prepared respectively by different methods. Preparation methods include direct mixing method and lamination interpolation method. Heat transfer process in the shape-stabilized PCM walls was studied by comparing with traditional wall. The results showed that the surface temperature and the heat flow through the phase change material walls prepared by different methods are lower than that of traditional wall and the change is small. Energy-saving effect of the shape-stabilized PCM walls prepared by lamination interpolation method is better than that of the shape stabilized PCM walls by direct mixing. Results in this paper can provide the basis for the application of the shape stabilized PCM walls in the buildings.     

Study on preparation and thermal properties of binary fatty acid/diatomite shape-stabilized phase change materials

The choice of fatty acids as shape-stabilized phase change materials (PCMs) will increase the feasibilities of PCMs in practical applications due to the low price of the fatty acids. Compounding different fatty acids for each other is an effective way to obtain a PCM with a suitable phase-transition temperature. In this study, a series of binary fatty acids composed by capric acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid for each other were prepared using the phase diagram thermal dynamics calculation method. Then these binary fatty acids are absorbed in four kinds of diatomites with different specific areas, which act as a supporting material, to prepare shape-stabilized PCMs. The prepared shape-stabilized PCMs are characterized by the Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis method. The results show that there is an optimum absorption ratio between binary fatty acids and the diatomite. The latent heat of capric-lauric acid/diatomite decreases to 57% of that of capric-lauric acid, and the phase-transition temperature rises from 16.36 to 16.74 °C when the capric-lauric acid is absorbed in the diatomite. The prepared capric-lauric acid/diatomite composite PCM has proper melting temperatures and latent heat for thermal energy storage application in buildings.     

Thermal performance of shape-stabilized phase change paraffin wallboard

This paper presents thermal performance of shape-stabilized phase change material (PCM) wallboards and common wallboard. Shape-stabilized PCMs consist of paraffin and high-density polyethylene as support materials. The wallboards were prepared by shape-stabilized PCMs and grout with the building materials in mass proportions of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The phase change temperature of the shape-stabilized paraffin was 27.5 °C and the maximum content of paraffin in the shape-stabilized PCM was 70%. The energy-saving effect and feasibility of shape-stabilized PCM wallboard were compared with those of ordinary wallboards. The results showed that prepared PCM wallboard has good thermal performance and thus it has high potential for the cooling of buildings.