变频转恒频电源控制系统设计

在AC-DC-AC变换器的基础上,提出对输入AC-DC变换器交流侧加大电感的拓扑结构和解耦PWM控制,实现桥式Boost型变频环节的AC-DC变换;对输出DC-AC变换器采用三相桥式结构拓扑和电压电流双PI调节器PWM控制,实现中间直流环节的DC-AC变换,得到需要的恒定频率三相电源。深入分析了其控制策略的正确性和可行性,给出了关键电路参数与仿真结果,并设计了硬件电路。     

电机驱动系统电机端共模电压的研究

这里在详细推导功率变换器直流侧与交流侧共模电压表达式基础上,研究了三相两电平PWM电机驱动系统电机侧共模电压的时域特性、频域特性,及功率变换器与电机之间存在长电缆连接时电机终端共模电压的变化情况.在基于Saber软件对PWM电机驱动系统进行仿真的同时,还通过实验对所给出结论的正确性进行了验证.     

基于DSP+单片机的三相电压型PWM整流器控制系统设计

介绍了三相电压型PWM整流器主电路拓扑结构,重点分析了交流侧电感和直流侧电容对系统性能的影响。基于DSP+单片机双控制器设计了一种三相电压型PWM整流器控制系统,提出了一种交流侧电感和直流侧电容的设计方法,并确定了二者的取值范围。最后针对交流侧电流谐波含量和直流侧电压动态响应速度进行了相关实验。实验结果表明:整流器交流侧电流谐波含量较少,直流侧电压脉动较小,系统响应速度快,抗干扰能力强。验证了所述控制系统和设计方法的有效性。     

基于STM32的三相高功率因数整流器

针对二极管不控整流和相控整流电流波形畸变严重、谐波分量大、功率因数低等问题,建立了三相PWM整流器的低频等效数学模型,设计了电压、电流双闭环PI控制器,制定了合理的PWM控制策略,并通过实验对整流器模型、控制器和控制策略进行了验证。实验结果表明,本文设计的整流器交流侧电压和电流波形基本同相,即网侧功率因数高。说明PI控制器的稳定性较高,控制策略设计合理。     

基于电流解耦控制的三相电压型PWM整流系统分析与设计

建立了三相电压型PWM整流器电流控制数学模型,输入电流在静止坐标系下实现了固定开关频率的解耦控制.得到了系统交流侧滤波电感,直流侧电压值以及系统结构和控制器的设计方法.同时,分析了系统关键参数对交流电流谐波含量的影响.最后,设计了一台基于固定开关频率电流控制方案的三相电压型PWM整流装置样机.实验研究表明所设计的系统可以实现整流和逆变两种运行状态双向可逆,动态特性好,交流侧功率因数接近1,所提出的设计方法是可行的.     

三相四线制有源滤波器直流侧电压控制研究

针对三相四线制有源滤波器直流侧电压PI控制存在超调比较大、动态响应速度慢等缺点,设计了一种采用模糊控制与PI控制相结合的模糊PI复合控制器。该控制器将输入变量进行模糊化,通过模糊推理控制模糊输出变量,以此实现在线修改参数的目的。分析了直流侧电压PI控制的基本原理,利用模糊控制器的双输出对PI控制器的参数进行整定,给出了二维模糊PI控制器的设计过程。MATLAB仿真结果表明,该方法超调小、动态响应速度快,能满足负载突变工况的要求,验证了所设计的模糊PI控制器的有效性和优越性。     

Z源PWM整流器直流侧控制策略的研究

三相电压型Z源PWM整流器既能实现传统PWM整流器的功能,又能实现输出电压的降压变换,并提高了桥臂开关管的抗干扰能力。将Z源整流器等效为交流侧PWM整流和直流侧Z源网络降压变换两级控制系统,重点研究了直流侧的状态空间平均建模方法,得到了系统的小信号控制模型,并推导了从直通占空比到输出电压的传递函数。针对直流侧Z源网络采用电压单闭环控制系统时,输出电压纹波大、稳定性差的问题,提出了引入Z源网络电感电流内环与输出电压外环的双闭环控制系统,并分析了双闭环PI调节器的参数设计方法。仿真和实验结果表明,所建立的Z源整流器模型以及控制系统的设计是正确可行的。     

基于二自由度PID的三相PWM整流器调压改进策略

基于前端电压源型整流器(voltage source rectifier,VSR)与后端电压源型逆变器(voltage source inverter,VSI)级联的VSR-VSI双三相脉冲宽度调制(pulse width modulation,PWM)变换器已在电梯能量回馈系统中得到广泛应用,但前端三相VSR采用传统比例积分(proportional integral,PI)双闭环控制结构通常存在中端直流母线电压无法兼顾抗干扰性和跟踪性的问题。为此,文中提出一种基于二自由度比例积分微分(proportional integral differential,PID)的三相PWM整流器调压改进策略。首先,阐述基于VSR-VSI双三相PWM变换器级联系统的结构和工作原理,并给出前端三相VSR的传统PI双闭环控制方案及其参数设计过程,分析该方案不能兼具良好的抗干扰性与跟踪性的原因。在此基础上,给出基于二自由度PID的前端三相VSR直流调压优化策略及其参数设计方法。最后,利用软件仿真与实验测试对比结果共同验证了所述三相PWM-VSR直流调压改进策略的有效性与优越性。     

电网电压不平衡下交直流混合微电网互联接口变换器分数阶滑模控制策略

针对并网型交直流混合微电网交流侧电压不平衡时会产生交流电流负序分量导致直流母线电压二倍频脉动的问题,提出了一种直流侧母线电压分数阶滑模控制以及交流侧负序电流抑制方法。首先,基于同步旋转坐标系下电网电压不平衡时交直流混合微电网互联接口变换器的数学模型,设计电压外环变结构滑模控制器。然后,根据电压不平衡时互联接口变换器的功率传输特性,提取交流侧三相电压的正序分量,得到交流侧负序电流抑制指令。接着,采用分数阶滑模趋近律设计内环电流解耦控制器,并利用李雅普诺夫函数进行稳定性校验。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink搭建的交直流混合微电网模型,验证了所提控制策略相较传统PI控制不仅抑制了三相电流的不平衡,而且将响应速度提升了近50%。     

基于二阶线性自抗扰的风电并网逆变器电压控制

为了提高直驱永磁风电并网逆变器直流侧电压的稳定,设计了一种二阶线性自抗扰(LADRC)的并网逆变器电压控制器。建立了三相PWM电压源型并网逆变器的数学模型,分析了其传统的双闭环PI控制方式,在此基础上设计了二阶LADRC控制器来代替传统的电压外环PI控制器,目的是使直流侧电压快速稳定,减小波动。分析了电压外环二阶LADRC控制器的设计原理,最后通过在Matlab/Simulink搭建1.5 MW直驱永磁风力发电机组仿真验证所设计控制器的有效性。结果表明,相对于传统的控制方式,所设计的二阶LADRC控制器电压的稳定速度更快,并网电流的总谐波畸变率(THD)更小。即使在电网电压发生扰动时,也能有一个良好的控制性能,提高了直流侧电压的抗干扰能力。     

On a wing and a prayer

The article talks about recent Defense Research Projects Agency (DARPA) presolicitation notice in the area of hybrid insect micro-electromechanical systems (MEMs). DARPA's goal is to fund promising interdisciplinary research that will permit the creation of "insect-cyborgs"     

利用光伏电池给蓄电池充电

磷酸锂铁（LiFePO4）电池对比钻基德Li离子/聚合物电池,具有安全性性高、浮充电压小、自放电率低、使用寿命长等一系列优点。本文所述LT36521C为可实现太阳能跟踪、单块式补偿蓄电池充电的集成电路。当LT3652由单块太阳能电池板供电时,其输入调节回路能确保在最大输出功率下工作,充分体现出这一新型太阳能充电器的优越特性。     

Making a Case for a New Connector

The emergence of quick lock connectors, particularly quick lock versions of the SMA and N connectors (QMA and QN, respectively), was an inevitable development in the RF connector industry and is of significant importance in that nearly 50% of all practical applications for RF connectors are currently supported by either SMA or N. Once QMA and QN can achieve similarity in cost and performance to the present SMA and N connectors, they will take the place of their predecessors in most applications, creating a huge new market. Our RF team has long been dedicated to research and development of these two connector types in the hopes of creating an optimal design. In this article, we will show some of the results of our research.     

Chaos in a series circuit with a nonlinear capacitor and a nonlinear inductor

This paper proposes a nonlinear circuit that generates chaotic oscillations. The proposed nonlinear circuit includes a nonlinear capacitor and a nonlinear inductor by using Generalized Impedance Converters. Both computational experiments and experiments on real circuits show that the region for chaotic oscillation is very wide, demonstrating that the proposed circuit is effective as a chaos generator. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 150(2): 35–42, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.10361     

Electric potential near a tip of a local discharge on a conductive film

To develop a propagation model of a local discharge on a wet polluted insulator, the authors have examined characteristics of the local discharge on an electrolytic solution simulating the wet polluted insulator surface. The local discharge was propagated on the solution under the impulse voltage. A shape of a contacting surface between the local discharge and the solution has been already obtained by the authors. By using the contacting surface, an electric potential near a tip of the local discharge on a conductive film of 1 mm in thickness was calculated. Furthermore, the potential was measured with a probe. The calculated values and the measured values of the electric potential agreed well regardless of the propagation length of the local discharge, the width of the conductive film, the resistivity of the conductive film, the peak value of the applied voltage and the applied voltage waveform.     

Power losses in a conducting ring enclosing a conductor with a transient current

Contents In the paper Joule power losses are calculated in a conducting ring enclosing a conductor with a transient current having an alternating component.—Theoretical calculation and numerical computation are worked out basing on a link Bubnov-Galerkin method in its numerical version using the finite elements for the conductor with the Time-Stepping algorithm for the time discretization.—On the basis of numerical computation, graphs of the relative power losses are plotted as a time function.

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Leistungsverluste in einem leitenden Ring, der einen Leiter mit einem instationären Strom umschließt

Übersicht In diesem Beitrag werden die Joulschen Leistungsverluste in einem leitenden Ring berechnet, der einen Leiter umschließt, in dem ein instationärer Strom mit Wechselanteil fließt. Die theoretischen Betrachtungen und numerischen Berechnungen hat man in Anlehnung an die Bubnov-Galerkin-Methode (in ihrer numerischen Variante, die von einen Leiter unter Verwendung der Methode der finiten Elemente realisiert wird) in Verbindung mit einem Schritt-Algorithmus mit der diskretisierten Zeit ausgeführt. Auf der Grundlage numerischer Berechnungen sind Diagramme für die relative Leistung in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit dargestellt.

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List of symbols Symbol Unit Physical parameter - B Wb/m² magnetic induction vector - H A/m magnetic field intensity vector - H, H A/m -component of the magnetic field vector - E V/m electrical field vector - E _r ,E _z V/m components of the electric field - f s^–1 frequency - I A current intensity (r.m.s. value) - L H inductance - P W power losses - P ₀ W power losses for d.c. - R resistance - t sec time - ^–1 m_–1 electric conductivity of the conductor - Hm^–1 magnetic permeability - _ijk m² finite element area - basis function - rad s^–1 pulsation - N _i ,N _j ,N _k function of finite element shape - 3.141593... - region - ² Laplace's operator - r, ,z cylindrical coordinates - ^h region approximating the region - ^e finite element region - M number of discretization points of the region - V number of finite elements - (N–1) number of steps - i, j, k indices of vertices of triangular finite element     

Development of a deceleration control system for a winding machine based on a microcontroller

The development of an automatic deceleration system for a winding machine in a siderurgy factory is presented in this paper. The proposed system controls the speed of a winding machine in order to obtain the optimum stop point in terms of security and fast production. The system is based on a microcontroller and an extremely simple hardware. The system has been tested for two years and results evince a very good mean time between failures.     

Simulation of a generator for a wind-power unit

Analysis of excitation systems of generators for wind-power units is carried out, a software package for generator simulation is presented, and the sequence of the generator design is presented.     

When a feature detector becomes a feature generator

The neural network approach is reviewed in the context of studies in the animal and human visual systems. An attempt is made to explain perception, memory, and learning as a feedback loop similar to the one used in the ALOPEX optimization concept. Applications in pattern recognition and image processing are discussed. Experiments using visual evoked potentials in humans are described.