叶片进口冲角对离心泵运行的影响

本文应用CFD软件,对离心泵进行全流道数值分析。根据分析结果,对叶片的液流角进行计算,进而得到叶片进口冲角。根据冲角的数值,对流道内流体流动情况进行分析,从而得出该泵可长期稳定运行的流量上限值,指导泵的现场运行,减少发生汽蚀的可能性。     

离心泵流动稳定器

美国英格索兰(Ingersoll-Rand)公司在“压缩空气”(Compressed Air)杂志1985年第五期宣称:该公司在离心泵中采用了稳定器的措施,从而解决了水泵在低流量范围内运行时,由于流体分离和回流旋涡造成的流动不稳定现象。这种流动不稳定现象使泵产生振动、噪声、效率降低甚至破坏泵的正常工作。离心泵工作轮的叶片角度是在设计流量下选取的,这时泵可以得到最佳的效率。当在低流量时,流体的流动角度偏离工作轮的叶片角度,这样就产生流体的不稳定现象,进口叶片处流动流体的分离和回流,使局部     

叶片包角对高比转速离心泵空化性能的影响研究

为了研究叶片包角对高比转速离心泵空化性能的影响,本文基于CFturbo和UG软件,利用CFX中的RNG k-ε湍流模型和Rayleigh-Plesset空化模型,对比转速为185的离心泵分别探讨其叶片包角为90°、95°、100°、105°、110°时该离心泵的空化特性。结果表明,叶片包角对高比转速离心泵外特性有显著的影响,其泵的扬程随叶片包角的增大而减小,且小流量时随包角的增大效率增加,大流量时则反之;同时随叶片包角增大,进口低压区的面积增大,进口空泡体积分数减小,离心泵的内部流动更加平顺光滑,叶片背面的旋涡消失,叶轮流道内的流线越趋于叶片的形状;叶片包角大小与离心泵的进口湍动能呈负相关;说明包角越大,高比转速离心泵的抗空蚀性能越好。     

离心泵S形叶片流动特性及水力性能分析

对离心泵而言，叶片出口角β₂是影响泵性能的一个重要参数。基于Fluent离心泵全流场数值模拟，对某型号低比转数离心泵进行了大出口角叶形的改形设计，研究了不同大出口角对离心泵水力性能的影响，并对比分析了原模型泵与S形叶片离心泵水力特性及流动特性。结果表明：离心泵扬程随着出口角的增大而增大，在出口角为90°时达到最大值。当出口角为90°时，S形叶片的水力性能最佳，在设计工况下及大流量工况泵扬程显著提升且效率有小幅度提升，但小流量工况下泵效率略有下降。S形叶片可以有效抑制离心泵叶轮内的边界层分离现象，且随着流量的增大抑制效果越明显。     

不同设计参数对离心泵内部不对称空化的影响

为研究不同设计参数对离心泵内部不对称空化现象的影响,以一台单级单吸离心泵为研究对象,保持泵体和叶轮其他参数不变,分别改变叶轮的叶片数、包角和冲角并建立相应模型,采用ANSYS-CFX软件对各模型进行计算并对结果进行分析。研究结果表明:在一定范围内,叶片数越多,越不利于各流道内的对称性流动,会造成不对称空化现象越来越严重;加大叶片包角可以使叶轮各流道内流动更均匀,缓解离心泵内的不对称空化现象;选择合理的冲角不仅可以提高泵的抗空化性能,同时也可以减轻离心泵内的不对称空化现象。     

离心式水泵冲击损失的计算与分析

以降低叶轮进口冲击损失为目标,对进口边为径向和轴向两种情况下的叶轮进口条件进行了优化,得到了相应的进口直径计算公式。分析了离心泵叶轮进口冲击损失的形成机理,计算并分析了冲击损失随流量和冲角变化的关系。基于此研究分析了流量和进口冲角对冲击损失的影响,得出了进口冲击损失值在设计和非设计流量下的变化趋势,为泵产品的性能预测提供了理论和技术支持。     

基于CFX正交试验的深井离心泵导叶的优化设计

为提高深井离心泵的水力性能,针对100QJ16型深井泵,按照L9(34)正交表,选取空间导叶的进口冲角、包角、叶片出口安放角和叶片数等4个因素,每个因素取3个水平,设计出9个导叶模型,并分别与同一个叶轮装配。基于CFX软件,对两级模型泵进行了全流场数值模拟,获得9组方案在额定工况下的扬程和效率。采用极差分析法分析了各几何参数对扬程和效率的影响规律以及影响空间导叶性能的主要因素和次要因素。空间导叶进口冲角和叶片包角对两级泵的扬程和效率的影响较大。将优化方案进行了样机试验,其效率达到了设计要求。     

诱导轮叶片参数对大流量离心泵汽蚀性能的影响

诱导轮作为离心泵的重要辅助部件之一,对水泵汽蚀性能的改善有重要作用。针对某大流量离心泵汽蚀性能不佳的问题,采用响应面分析和数值模拟的方式,对该离心泵的诱导轮叶片参数进行了优化,探究了诱导轮导程、叶片厚度和叶片数对大流量离心泵汽蚀性能的影响规律。首先,构建了大流量离心泵的仿真模型,对其进行了外特性计算,将计算结果与试验结果进行了对比,对仿真结果的可靠性进行了验证;然后,根据诱导轮扬程与泵汽蚀性能呈正相关的规律,以诱导轮的叶片参数(导程L、厚度T、叶片数Z)为变量因素,以诱导轮扬程最大为优化目标,对诱导轮进行了响应面计算分析,得到了响应面优化后的诱导轮叶片参数,并对比分析了优化前后诱导轮的扬程;最后,针对诱导轮优化前后的离心泵,在不同工况下进行了叶轮汽蚀情况和临界汽蚀余量对比分析。研究结果表明：叶片导程对诱导轮扬程的影响不大,而减小叶片厚度、增加叶片数可以大幅提高诱导轮扬程;额定工况下,经响应面优化后的诱导轮扬程提高了0.6 m,泵的临界汽蚀余量相比原型泵降低了0.15 m。该结果可以为大流量离心泵诱导轮的优化设计提供理论参考。     

诱导轮和离心泵叶轮内部空化流动数值分析

为了提高诱导轮离心泵的空化性能和运行稳定性,阐明诱导轮和离心泵叶轮几何参数对空化性能的影响规律,基于空泡可压缩性影响修正的RNG k-ε模型和改进的空化模型,对诱导轮和离心泵叶轮内部流场进行空化数值计算。数值结果表明:在小流量工况和额定工况下,空化性能曲线基本一致;在大流量工况下,空化特性曲线波动相对比较严重,空化性能较差。额定流量下泵蜗壳水力损失最小,小流量工况下蜗壳水力损失最大。临界汽蚀余量时,蜗壳水力损失突升。无空化条件下,随着前口环间隙值的增大,诱导轮扬程、效率和前口环间隙泄漏量增大,泵和叶轮的扬程、效率值降低,泵的空化特性曲线的稳定性变差,使诱导轮叶片出口液流角发生偏转,导致诱导轮和离心泵叶轮内部产生周期性的交变空化流。     

高效率低NPSHr离心泵的研发

阐述了高效率、低NPSHr离心泵的设计方法和研发过程。针对离心泵的特点,通过改变叶轮进口直径、叶片进口边位置、叶片包角等参数,研发出NPSHr低且效率高的离心泵。通过计算流体动力学(CFD)数值模拟和模型泵试验,进行了设计验证。     

基于CFD/CA的离心泵流动诱导噪声数值预测

基于Lightill声类比理论,采用计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics, CFD)和计算声学(Computational acoustics, CA)相结合的算法对离心泵内部声场进行求解。基于SST k-ω湍流模型封闭雷诺时均方程,对离心泵内流场进行三维非定常计算。在流场计算的基础上采用边界元法对叶片偶极子源和蜗壳偶极子源的辐射声场进行求解,研究了蜗壳振动对声压级分布的影响,并搭建试验台对所提出的算法进行验证。结果表明,叶频及其倍频是流动诱导噪声的主要频率,隔舌附近监测点的压力脉动强度最大;声振耦合作用对声压级分布的影响不可忽略,模态振型所在的频率(580 Hz)下声振耦合作用的影响较大;泵出口场点的声压级比进口大,且均在叶频处最大,效率最高的工况点声压级最小;声场模拟和试验结果在趋势上基本吻合,最大相差3.1%,肯定了所提数值算法的预测作用,可为离心泵低噪声优化设计提供参考。     

雷达天线系统离心风机气动噪声研究

基于FW-H方程,对离心风机进行气动声学理论分析,结合噪声测试方法,对某雷达天线系统进行噪声试验研究分析.测试数据表明,噪声和振动加速度频谱图分布较为接近,噪声振动能量峰值频率均为离心风机叶片基频的倍频,即雷达天线系统噪声主要来源于离心风机的气动噪声.通过改变均热板上翅片与风机叶片边缘的间距和调节风机转速,对单个离心风...     

Estimating uncertainty of measurements for cavitation detection in a centrifugal pump

Measurement of noise and vibration signal in audible frequency range to detect cavitation in centrifugal pumps is rather unknown technique. There were already some studies performed on this technique and they showed quite good results. Due to many factors that influence the quality of the measurement, an uncertainty analysis should be performed. This paper deals with estimation of a measurement uncertainty for different kinds of measurement ways to detect the cavitation in a centrifugal pump with noise and vibration signal in audible frequency range from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Especially the measurement uncertainties for cavitation detection in broad frequency range and at a discrete frequency were analyzed. Results showed that this technique is reliable despite many possible influences on uncertainty.     

Influence of blade wrap angle on centrifugal pump performance by numerical and experimental study

The existing research on improving the hydraulic performance of centrifugal pumps mainly focuses on the design method and the parameter optimization. The traditional design method for centrifugal impellers relies more on experience of engineers that typically only satisfies the continuity equation of the fluid. In this study, on the basis of the direct and inverse iteration design method which simultaneously solves the continuity and motion equations of the fluid and shapes the blade geometry by controlling the wrap angle, three centrifugal pump impellers are designed by altering blade wrap angles while keeping other parameters constant. The three-dimensional flow fields in three centrifugal pumps are numerically simulated, and the simulation results illustrate that the blade with larger wrap angle has more powerful control ability on the flow pattern in impeller. The three pumps have nearly the same pressure distributions at the small flow rate, but the pressure gradient increase in the pump with the largest wrap angle is smoother than the other two pumps at the design and large flow rates. The pump head and efficiency are also influenced by the blade wrap angle. The highest head and efficiency are also observed for the largest angle. An experiment rig is designed and built to test the performance of the pump with the largest wrap angle. The test results show that the wide space of its efficiency area and the stability of its operation ensure the excellent performance of the design method and verify the numerical analysis. The analysis on influence of the blade wrap angle for centrifugal pump performance in this paper can be beneficial to the optimization design of the centrifugal pump.     

基于流场计算的螺旋离心泵叶轮静力学分析

为研究螺旋离心泵叶轮结构的振动特性,首先建立螺旋离心泵内部流场三维模型,对设计工况下的螺旋离心泵内流场进行了定常数值模拟,得到了叶片表面的压力载荷分布;建立叶轮有限元模型,以螺旋离心泵全流道三维定常数值模拟计算结果为基础,利用顺序耦合技术进行了有预应力的叶轮静应力分析和模态分析,结果表明:叶轮的最大应力出现在叶片进口的轮毂处,叶轮强度满足设计要求;叶轮最大的形变区域出现在叶片进口的轮缘处;叶轮的变形域随着频率的增加而增大;叶轮的各阶固有频率远大于泵的运行频率,因此在运行过程中不易发生共振现象。     

离心泵叶轮主要几何参数与反作用度之间的关系研究

反作用度对离心泵叶片的形状有很大的影响,在离心泵叶轮的水力设计中应该予以考虑。基于反作用度的定义,建立了反作用度与离心泵叶片几何参数的关系;同时用数学方法论证了离心泵反作用度与叶片出口角之间的关系;在此基础上,探讨了比转速与反作用度的关系。分析表明:反作用度随比转速的增大而增大。考虑反作用度对叶轮流道的影响作用,将推导出的公式应用于离心泵的水力设计中,预估叶片进口角,以减小了冲角选取的盲目性。     

Experimental investigation on the flow-induced noise under variable conditions for centrifugal pumps

With extensively using of centrifugal pumps,noise generation in these pumps is increasingly receiving research attention in recent years.The noise sources in centrifugal pumps are mainly composed of mechanical noise and flow-induced noise.And the study of flow-induced noise has become a hotspot and important domain in the field.The flow-induced noise closely related to the inner pressure pulses and vibration of volute in pumps,therefore,it is necessary to research the interaction and mechanism among them.To investigate the relationships,a test system is designed which includes a test loop and a measurement system.The hydrophones and pressure sensors are installed on the outlet of the pump and vibration acceleration sensors are disposed on the pump body.Via these instruments,the signals of noise,pressure pulses and vibration are collected and analyzed.The results show that the level of flow-induced noise becomes smaller as the flow increment during low flow rate operations,and it is steadily close to the design point,then it increases with the growing of flow rate in high flow rate conditions.Furthermore,there are some similar peak points in the power spectrum charts of noise,pressure pulses and vibration.The broadband noise at low flow rate is mostly focused on the region of 0-40 times shaft frequency,which is mostly made by rotating stall and vortex;while the noise at high flow rate conditions is focused on the region of 60-100 times shaft frequency,which may be mostly made by cavitations.The proposed research is of practical and academic significance to the study of noise reduction for centrifugal pumps.     

极低比转速叶轮内流体的流动分析和叶轮的设计

通过分析得出影响低比转速离心泵效率的主要原因是在叶轮出口存在二次流、边界层的分离等而引起的射流一尾迹结构并提出了改进的方法。实例表明文中提出的加大叶轮出口宽度,采用较大的叶片出口安放角,较大的叶片包角和叶片的线型前部采用较小曲率半径,后部分采用较大的曲率半径等叶轮设计方法能够设计出具有较高效率和较好性能的低比转速离心泵。     

The characteristics investigation under the unsteady cavitation condition in a centrifugal pump

Numerical simulation and experimental method are combined to investigate the pump inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations, the vibration characteristics and the internal flow instabilities under the unsteady cavitation condition in a centrifugal pump. It is found that the unsteady cavitation starts to generate as the NPSHa is lower than 5.93 m. Apparent asymmetric and uneven cavity volume distribution on each blade and in the impeller can be observed as the NPSHa decreases from 4.39 m to 1.44 m, which includes the cavitation develops from cavitation surge, rotating cavitation to asymmetric cavitation. The flow vortexes in each blade channel are produced in the cavity trailing edges by the shedding and collapse of cavitation, which interfere with each other and aggravate the flow instabilities. The dominant frequencies of the pump inlet and outlet pressure fluctuations are the shaft frequency and blade passing frequency under the unsteady cavitation conditions, respectively. Broadband pulses are obtained from both the pump inlet and outlet pressure pulsations, which results from the random shedding and collapse of unsteady cavitation bubbles. Obvious corresponding relationship between the root mean squares of the vibration measured in different positions and the suction performance curve is found under both the non-cavitation and unsteady cavitation conditions.