一种基于BJT工艺的电压反相电路设计

该文基于40 V耐压BJT工艺,利用电荷泵原理设计了一种DC/DC电压转换的电路。该电荷泵式转换电路使用电容器完成能量的传输与电压的转换,在实际电路中由一对开关电路与一个外部电容来实现对输入电压进行反相的电路功能。仿真结果表明,该电路在工作电压为8～20 V时,可提供-19～-7 V的输出,输出电流为10 mA,在1μF负载电容的情况下,输出纹波为43 mV,该电路采用双极型工艺,具有不易产生闩锁效应的优点,在应用时,外部组件少且无需电感,并能保证纹波在合理的范围内,可广泛应用于线性器件、放大器供电、电池分配器等电路中。     

用于相变存储器的超低输出纹波2X/1.5X电荷泵

本文针对相变存储器编程驱动电路,提出了一种超低输出电压纹波的开关电容型电荷泵。该电荷泵可根据输入电压的不同,自适应工作在2X/1.5X升压模式之间,以获得更高的电源转换效率。相比于传统开关电容型电荷泵,在充电阶段泵电容被充电至预先设定的电压值Vo-VDD(Vo为预期的输出电压);放电阶段,泵电容串联在输入电压VDD与输出端,通过此方法将电荷泵输出端电压稳定在Vo,并有效的降低了由于电荷分享所造成的输出纹波。在中芯国际40nm标准CMOS工艺模型下,对电路进行了仿真验证,结果表明在输入电压为1.6-2.1V,输出2.5V电压,最大负载电流为10mA,输出电压纹波低于4mV,电源效率最高可达91%。     

一种用于3D NAND存储器的高压生成电路

设计了一种应用于3D NAND 存储器的高压生成电路,包括振荡器、时钟生成电路、新型电荷泵及反馈环路。与传统的电荷泵相比,新型电荷泵消除了阈值电压损失与衬底偏置效应,提高了升压效率。通过控制时钟的电压幅度来调节输出电压,减小了输出电压纹波。电路在0.32 μm CMOS工艺模型下进行了仿真验证。结果表明,在3.3 V工作电压下,该电路稳定输出15 V的高压,上升时间为3.4 μs,纹波大小为82 mV,最大升压效率可达到76%。该高压生成电路在各项性能指标之间取得了平衡,其突出的综合性能能满足3D NAND存储器的工作需求。     

采用高性能负压电荷泵的AMOLED驱动DC-DC转换器

提出了一种采用高性能负压电荷泵的有源矩阵有机发光二极管(AMOLED)驱动DC-DC转换器.正输出电压(VOP)由升压转换器(BOOST)和线性稳压器(LDO)级联产生,BOOST中使用前馈方法改善线性瞬态响应,LDO保证了芯片在全负载电流范围内输出电压的纹波.负输出电压(VON)由一种新颖负压电荷泵电路产生,电荷泵仅由MOSFET构成以提高效率.提出了一种新型的转换负压的电平转换电路,降低了开关管导通电阻并提高了负压效率.采用突发(BURST)控制模式提高了轻载效率.芯片采用0.18 μm BCD工艺,其VOP和VON分别为4.6V和-2.4 V,工作频率为1 MHz,正常工作时的负载电流为0～ 50 mA,最大电源效率为89.4％.VOP和VON的纹波均小于7 mV,线性瞬态响应均为5 mV,负载瞬态响应分别为5 mV和20 mV.负输出电压在-0.6～-2.4 V可调,调整步长为0.1V.     

一种适用于MEMS麦克风的新型恒压电荷泵设计

实现了一种新型恒压输出电荷泵电路,通过选择合理的电荷泵结构能有效抑制反向电流及衬底电流,并通过一种负反馈稳压电路得到低纹波且不随电源电压变化的稳压输出,非常适用于MEMS麦克风。该电路采用MIXIC0.35μm标准CMOS工艺实现,测试结果表明该电路能自适应2.8～3.6V的电源电压变化,输出稳定的9V直流电压。     

一种采用饱和区MOS管作调节开关的电荷泵

为了得到稳定的输出电压,电荷泵电路需要通过负反馈系统进行控制.在传统的"Skip"模式电荷泵中,采用工作在线性区的MOS管做开关,通过控制振荡器来调节输出电压,但这种方式会产生较大的输出电压纹波.设计了一种采用饱和区MOS管作调节开关的电荷泵,通过控制饱和区MOS管的导通电阻来调节电荷泵的输出电压.它工作在占空比为50%的方波信号下,具有很低的输出电压纹波(37mV).     

一种用于AMOLED驱动的多模式高效电荷泵

设计了一种用于AMOLED驱动芯片的多模式高效低纹波电荷泵。该电荷泵通过模式选择,使输出电压可配置,实现多模式功能。针对电压建立和模式切换过程中电荷损耗的问题,利用初始化电路和电压检测电路来保证电荷泵中电荷单向传输,同时利用衬底选择开关来解决电荷泵的体效应问题,提高了电压转换效率。采用双边对称的泵电路结构,减小了输出电压纹波。采用UMC 80 nm CMOS工艺进行仿真。结果表明,负载电流为4 mA时,输出电压为8.4~17 V,四种工作模式下电压转换效率均在90%以上,电压纹波均小于1 mV。     

基于低压CMOS工艺的新型负电压型电荷泵电路

采用UMC 0.18 μm 1.8 V/3.3 V CMOS工艺设计并流片验证了一个应用于生医刺激器的新型负电压型电荷泵电路.介绍了几种典型的负电压型电荷泵电路,比较其优缺点,在此基础上设计了一个新型4级交叉耦合型负电压电荷泵.和现有的结构相比,该电路在启动过程和工作过程中都不存在过压问题,器件任意两端口之间的电压均小于电源电压VDD,同时降低了MOS器件衬底效应、反向漏电流对电荷泵效率的影响.电荷泵的电容采用MIM电容,升压电容为50 pF,输出电容为100 pF.芯片面积为2.3 mm×1.3 mm,测试结果表明负电压型电荷泵电路输出电压为-10.3 V,系统最高效率为56％.当输出电流为3.5 mA时,输出电容为100 pF时,纹波电压为150 mV.     

一种用于H桥功率驱动电路的电荷泵设计

提出了一种可驱动H桥功率电路的电荷泵.为了简化电路设计和确保电路稳定性,本电荷泵采用两倍压电荷泵电路拓扑结构,通过加入两路反馈控制电路来提高电荷泵充电电流和输出电压值的控制精度以及电源转换效率.设计采用0.35μm BCD工艺,通过Cadence Spectre仿真器表明,在负载电流为5mA条件下,电荷泵正常工作时输出电压范围广(10~40V),电源转换效率最高达到91%,输出电压建立所需时间为579μs.样片实测结果显示,在不同输入电压条件下,输出电压纹波控制在385mV以下.     

用于电机驱动芯片的高压电荷泵电路设计

基于开关电容系统理论,提出了一种用于步进电机芯片中H桥驱动电路的电荷泵电路。电路设计了零温度系数的高压压差检测电路、线形调制的反馈控制电路和泵电容充电电流控制电路。基于HHNEC 0.35μm BCD工艺平台进行电路设计,并完成流片。测试结果显示,电荷泵电路输出电压跟随输入电压线性变化,输出电压范围为13 V~41 V,纹波电压大小约为560 mV。所获结果与设计目标保持一致,证明了设计思想的正确性。     

A multi-mode low ripple charge pump with active regulation

In order to improve efficiency and reduce the output ripple, a novel multi-mode charge pump is presented.The proposed charge pump includes dual-loop regulation topology-skip and linear modes. It consumes low quiescent current in skip mode for light loads, and produces low ripple in linear mode for heavy loads, which closes the gap between linear mode and skip mode with active regulation; a multi-mode charge pump employing the technique has been implemented in the UMC 0.6-μm-BCD process. The results indicate that the charge pump works well and effectively; it has low ripple with special regulation, and minimizes the size of the capacitance, then decreases the area of the PCB board. The adjustable output of the positive charge pump is 10-30 V, and the maximum output ripple is 100 mV when the load current is 200 mA. The line regulation is 0.2%/V, and load regulation is 0.075%.     

A regulated charge pump with small ripple voltage and fast start-up

A regulated charge pump circuit is realized in a 3.3-V 0.13-/spl mu/m CMOS technology. The charge pump exploits an automatic pumping control scheme to provide small ripple output voltage and fast start-up by decoupling output ripple and start-up time. The automatic pumping control scheme is composed of two schemes, an automatic pumping current control scheme and an automatic pumping frequency control scheme. The former automatically adjusts the size of pumping driver to reduce ripple voltage according to output voltage. The latter changes the pumping period by controlling a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The output frequency of the VCO varies from 400 kHz to 600 kHz by controlling the input bias voltage of the VCO. The prototype chip delivers regulated 4.5-V output voltage from a supply voltage of 3.3 V with a flying capacitor of 330 nF, while providing 30 mA of load current. The area is 0.25 mm/sup 2/ and the measured output ripple voltage is less than 33.8 mV with a 2-/spl mu/F load capacitor. The power efficiency is greater than 70% at the range of load current from 1 to 30 mA. An analytical model for ripple voltage and recovery time is proposed demonstrating a reasonable agreement with SPICE simulation results.     

New design of RF rectifier for passive UHF RFID transponders

A novel diode-connected MOS transistor for ultra-high-frequency (UHF) micro-power rectifiers was presented, and a high efficiency N-stage charge pump voltage rectifier based on this new diode-connected MOS transistor was designed and implemented. The new diode-connected MOS transistor and the rectifier are designed and fabricated in SMIC 0.18-μm 2P3M CMOS embedded EEPROM process. The structure design of the new diode achieved 315 mV turn-on voltage, and 415 nA reverse saturation leakage current. Compared with traditional rectifier, the rectifier using the presented diode-connected MOS has higher power conversion efficiency (PCE), higher output voltage and smaller ripple coefficient. When the RF input is a 900-MHz sinusoid signal with the amplitude ranging from 0.8 to 1.8 V, PCEs of the charge pump rectifier with only 3-stage are more than 30%, and the maximum output voltage is 5.02 V, and its ripple coefficients are less than 1%.     

一种用于PLL的新型电荷泵结构

本文设计了一种适用于PLL的新型电荷泵电路,将MOS开关置于源极,抑制电荷共享和电荷注入,并且采用可调节共源共栅结构增大输出阻抗,用于抑制电流失配。同时该电路具有结构简单、功耗低、充放电速度快等特点。采用Charter 0．35μm CMOS工艺模型,Mentor Graphics公司的Eldo进行仿真,在电荷泵输出电压范围为0．5～2．8V内,充放电电流匹配良好。     

无载频探地雷达实用宽范围电源设计

针对无载频探地雷达发射单元对电源的要求,采用差分电路和电流源相结合的方法,设计并制作了70V～282V连续可调的线性直流电源。理论上纹波小于5mV,负载电流可以达到1 A。改善了电源对温度的敏感性,降低了放大管的压降,实现了宽范围的输入和输出,并有浪涌、短路、线路滤波全面的保护电路。实际制作并调试了在70V～90V和140V～282 V2个范围内可调的电源,实测时负载电流500mA,纹波小于20mV。该电源可以直接方便的应用在其他系统中,通过并联调整管来满足大功率要求。     

Research and design of a novel current mode charge pump

To meet the demands for a number of LEDs, a novel charge pump circuit with current mode control is proposed. Regulation is achieved by operating the current mirrors and the output current of the operational transcon ductance amplifier. In the steady state, the input current from power voltage retains constant, so reducing the noise induced on the input voltage source and improving the output voltage ripple. The charge pump small-signal model is used to describe the device's dynamic behavior and stability. Analytical predictions were verified by Hspice sim ulation and testing. Load driving is up to 800 mA with a power voltage of 3.6 V, and the output voltage ripple is less than 45 mV. The output response time is less than 8 μs, and the load current jumps from 400 to 800 mA.     

一种应用于锁相环的增益提高型电荷泵设计

采用0.18μm 1.8V CMOS工艺设计一种增益提高型电荷泵电路,利用增益提高技术和折叠式共源共栅电路实现充放电电流的匹配.该电荷泵结构可以很大程度地减小沟道长度调制效应的影响,使充放电电流在宽输出电压范围内实现精确匹配,同时具有结构简单的优点.仿真结果表明,电源电压1.8V时,电荷泵电流为600μA,在0.3～1.6V输出范围内电流失配为0.6μA,功耗为3mW.