Computed tomography for dimensional metrology

The paper gives a survey of the upcoming use of X-ray computed tomography (CT) for dimensional quality control purposes: i.e. for traceable measurement of dimensions of technical (mechanical) components and for tolerance verification of such components. It describes the basic principles of CT metrology, putting emphasis on issues as accuracy, traceability to the unit of length (the meter) and measurement uncertainty. It provides a state of the art (anno 2011) and application examples, showing the aptitude of CT metrology to: (i) check internal dimensions that cannot be measured using traditional coordinate measuring machines and (ii) combine dimensional quality control with material quality control in one single quality inspection run.     

Computer aided measurement of profile error of complex surfaces and curves: Theory and algorithm

This paper is concerned with two key problems for computer aided measurement of profile error of surfaces and curves: (1) evaluation algorithm of profile error on the basis of minimum zone principle or maximum material condition; (2) computer aided arbitrament for minimum zone principle and maximum material condition. A general mathematical model for computer aided measurement of profile error of any surface and curve is proposed and the united algorithm for evaluation and arbitration criterion are derived on the basis of this model. Finally, we deal with error separation and the influence of probe radius as well as control strategies for quality assurance.     

压力补偿器和压力继电器计算机测控系统

压力补偿器和压力继电器是某型号航天设备中重要的液压元件,由于两元件特殊的测量要求,以往采用的手工测量方法工艺复杂。本文阐述了以PC工控机为基础,使用虚拟仪器技术建立的液压元件自动测试系统,该系统具有友好的测试界面,已正式投入使用,并取得了良好的测试精度和较高的测试效率。     

Optical Methods for Dimensional Metrology in Production Engineering

Metrology in production engineering must be fast, accurate, robust and automated, and ideally integrated into the production line. In many respects, optical methods seem to fulfil these requirements. Although optical methods have a long tradition in dimensional metrology, the rapid progress in the development of optoelectronic components and availability of increased computational power makes many new technical approaches possible. This paper provides a technical overview of the optical methods available for dimensional metrology. Methods for the measurement of length, angle, surface form and spatial co-ordinates are described. The paper summarises both the metrological characteristics and the technical limitations of the methods. Furthermore, it presents some new and promising approaches that, in the future, may play an important role in dimensional metrology for production.     

定子车镗床轴角分度测量的数显改造

本文介绍采用８０３１单片机实现定子车镗床轴角分度的测量，为高精度的数显改造开辟了一条新的途径。     

多功能液压元件性能检测台设计

多功能液压元件性能检测台用于钢铁企业板材生产线因故障换下元件的检测工作。介绍一种多功能液压元件性能检测台的组成结构和液压系统原理。通过分析其所要求的性能设计出相应液压系统,并完成元件选择。该装置具有设计方案合理、性能可靠、适用范围广、计算机辅助测试、测量精度高、便于使用等特点,其检测结果为元件的维修、定损提供可靠的依据。     

21世世轧钢技术的发展

展望21世纪，钢铁工业将面临更加激烈的竞争，但轧钢仍是钢材成形的支柱技术，对世界经济发展和社会文明起基础性支持作用，21世纪轧钢技术进步将集中于生产工艺流程的连续化、紧凑化，过程控制将实现轧材性能的高品质化、品种规格多样化及控制和管理的计算机化和信息化。     

石墨电极的数控铣削加工研究

提出应用UGNX计算机辅助编程的方法,采取合理有效的工艺措施和工艺路线,对石墨电极进行CNC在线加工,能快速、高效地完成这一工艺任务,并将这一工艺方法成功应用于模具企业的生产实践中。     

计算机辅助丝杠副动态测量自动测控系统

通过分析丝杠导程误差的动态测量方法,给出了测量仪控制系统设计方案,着重研究了计算机辅助检测分析丝杠动态测量检测系统.开发了基于Windows的计算机辅助分析测控软件,具有良好的人机操作界面,实现了丝杠的自动测量、自动分析、自动精度验收评定,效率高,操作性强,性能稳定可靠.建立了丝杠精度标准数据库及丝杠测量数据库,为工厂的自动化管理提供有益的帮助.     

Quality assessment on a conical taper part based on the minimum zone definition using genetic algorithms

Traditionally, the least-squares method is applied on modern measurement systems for quality assurance. The least-squares method can only provide an approximate solution to the real values of conical parts. It may also result in a possible overestimation of tolerance errors on various engineering surfaces. Thus, a heuristic approach is presented in this paper to efficiently evaluate the cone type error based on the minimum zone definition using genetic algorithms (GAs). GAs show more flexibility in evaluating the engineering surfaces via adjusting the genetic parameters. Two fitness functions were also developed for improving the speed of convergence of GAs. Numerical results indicate that the genetic algorithm provides better accuracy and efficiency and can thus be used to solve difficult product attitude evaluation problems in engineering metrology.     

Nanometrology of surface topography: Application to the research in development of a new mass standard

Surface topography metrology has a great success in a variety of applications at micron-scale, for instance lubrication of automobile engines. In extension, surface metrology may be carried out for nano-regime applications, such as topography analysis of MEMS components, thin films and integrated circuits. Studies on nanometrology of surface topography may help improve the quality of human life in health, environment and safety. This investigation tries to employ the technology of surface metrology at nanometer scale to the research in development of a new mass standard, which is relevant to the direct measurement of lattice spacing of atoms. The paper describes the conceptual proposal of CMS, as a national measurement laboratory in Taiwan, in the development of a novel SPM with a 3-dimensional metrology frame. Some latest results of CMS are presented and discussed in the paper.     

Metrology of freeform shaped parts

The scope of this keynote paper is to present the state of the art in the metrology of freeform shapes with focus on the freeform capabilities of the most important measuring techniques and on related metrological issues. Some examples of products are presented, for which the metrology of freeform shapes is important to guarantee the desired functional performance of the product. A classification of freeform measuring tasks and the corresponding metrological requirements are presented. A review of the most important measuring techniques is presented along with their capabilities for freeform measuring tasks. Specification and verification of freeform surfaces, including data evaluation and comparison to specifications are discussed, along with the measurement uncertainty and traceability of freeform measurements.     

Computer aided measurement and compensation system for focal length of lenses in camera manufacture based on the MTF performance using the line CCD sensor

A computer aided system has been developed for the focal length measurement/compensation in camera manufacture. Signal data proportional to light intensity are obtained and sampled very rapidly from the line CCD. Based on the measured signal, the MTF performance is calculated, where the MTF is the ratio of magnitude of the output image to the input image. In order to find the optimum MTF performance, an efficient algorithm has been implemented using the least squares technique. The developed system has been applied to a practical camera manufacturing process, and demonstrated high productivity with high precision     

机床主轴回转精度计算机辅助测试系统

文章构建了机床主轴回转精度计算机辅助测试系统.该系统较传统测量系统具有测量精度高、在线与实时测量、数据处理能力强、操作方便等特点.     

数字刀具测量系统的研究

刀具的几何参数是影响数控机床加工精度和生产效率的重要因素。研究了基于计算机视觉检测技术的高精度刀具测量系统,分析了运行原理和功能模块,并对关键技术做了论述。系统实现了对刀具的刀尖切削特征点、圆弧半径和切削角参数的自动精确测量,并将数值反馈到数控机床刀具数据库,具有较高的效率、精度和自动化程度。实验结果证明,系统测量重复性精度可达3μm。     

基于专利知识的计算机辅助产品创新设计系统研究

基于对专利重要性的认识,以钻夹头产品为例,系统分析了专利文献中可供创新设计参考的专利技术知识,提出了基于专利知识的产品设计和专利侵权检查的方法。在此基础上开发了基于专利知识的计算机辅助产品创新设计系统。该系统能够根据设计要求,在专利知识库中从不同创新层次进行专利检索,为设计师提供创新参考;同时具有对新设计结果进行计算机辅助专利侵权检查的功能,从而有效避免了设计的侵权行为,有助于快速形成企业的自主知识产权。     

基于VC程序的射线检测工艺编制

为使工业射线检测工作者能快速准确地编制出检测工艺，提出了计算机程序辅助编制检测工艺的方法，并给出了具体的程序。经过多次的测试及现场实际检测应用，证实了编制的辅助工艺程序提供的数据准确，详实。为射线检测工艺编制人员解决了大量复杂的计算及查表问题，节约人力物力，同时该方法有效提高了工艺编制的效率及准确性和精确性，对实际射线检测工作具有一定的指导意义。     

液压系统计算机辅助测试系统(CAT)的研究

提出了节流调速系统计算机辅助测试系统方案,设计了硬件和软件系统,并进行了实际测试。     

特殊钢轧制过程力学性能预报

在长型材生产过程中,影响最终产品质量和力学性能的因素很多,采用计算机对特钢型材生产过程进行模拟,可以分析现场出现的问题,制定出解决办法,这对优化钢材生产工艺有着重要意义。提出了利用初始化学成分和生产工艺参数组成预测特钢型材产品力学性能的BP神经网络模型,通过生产过程中的实际数据的训练,实现了对型材力学性能的离线预测,预测模型适应性好,预测精度高。