Ca2YO(BO3)3晶体的热物理性质研究

测量了新型非线性激光晶体Ca2YO(BO3)3(YCOB)的比热及其沿a、b、c三个方向的热膨胀系数、热扩散系数、导热系数、声子平均自由程和等效声速等热物理性质;讨论了属于单斜晶系的YCOB晶体的热物性的各向异性行为;实验结果表明YCOB晶体具有较大的比热和导热系数,其热膨胀系数各向异性相对较小,具有良好的热物理和力学性能.     

Nd3+:Gd3Ga5O12晶体的热物理性能研究

提拉法生长了Nd^3＋：Gd3Ga5O12（Nd：GGG）单晶，用差示扫描量热法（DSC）和激光脉冲法分别测量了Nd：GGG激光晶体的比热和热扩散系数，计算得到晶体的导热系数，与用PPMS测量得到的导热系数相吻合．实验结果表明：Nd：GGG激光晶体具有较大的比热和导热系数，具有良好的热物理性能；Nd：GGG晶体的热扩散系数和导热系数随着温度的升高而减小；计算得到晶体的德拜温度为711K．     

Ca4RO(BO3)3(R=Gd,Y)晶体空间方向的确定

介绍了高质量Ca4GdO(BO3)3(GdCOB)、Ca4YO(BO3)3(YCOB)晶体的生长,报道了两种晶体空间方向的确定方法,对于该类低对称非线性光学晶体的实用化具有推动意义。     

热障涂层用Nd2O3-CeO2-ZrO2陶瓷粉末制备及其性能研究

采用化学沉淀法制备了热障涂层用Nd2Zr2O7(NZ)以及CeO2-Nd2O3-ZrO2(NCZ)陶瓷粉末.通过电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES),X射线衍射、DSC及霍尔流速计对粉末化学组成、相组成,高温相稳定性和流动性能进行了研究.通过高温膨胀仪、DSC和激光热导仪分别测定其热膨胀系数和导热系数.结果表明,掺杂的NCZ粉末保持了NZ的烧绿石相结构, 120℃时粉末为无定形的混合氧化物,900℃时转化为复合氧化物,1200℃时转变为单一的锆酸钕烧绿石相;高温下NCZ无明显相变;在高于1400℃的温度下煅烧后,NCZ的流动性得到显著改善;添加CeO2可提高锆酸钕的热膨胀系数,而对其导热系数和比热系数的影响不大.     

PbWO4晶体的热膨胀及坩埚下降技术生长晶体开裂分析

本文报道了坩埚下降技术生长钨酸铅盐晶体的热膨胀系数测量结果，讨论了热膨胀对晶体开裂的影响。同时探讨了克服晶体开裂的途径。由于生长时纵向温场效应以及晶体大的热膨胀系数和它的垢各向异性而引起的应变是导致晶体开裂的重要因素。     

Nd:GdxY1-xCa4O(BO3)3晶体的生长及其光谱性能研究

利用熔体提拉法生长了大尺寸,高质量的新型激光自倍频晶体Nd:GdxY1-x(Ca4O(BO3)3(简称Nd:GdYCOB),对Nd:GdYCOB晶体的XRD衍射图进行指标化,得到它的晶胞参数为a=8.080A;b=16.016A;c=3.538A,β＝101．18,μ＝491．1A3,对取自不同部位的晶体粉末进行ICP原子发射光 分析表明晶体整体组份均匀一致,根据熔体和晶体粉末的ICP数据计算,Nd:GdYCOB晶体中Nd3 的分凝系数为0．63,首次报道了Nd:GdYCOB晶体200－3000nm室温透过光谱和室温荧光光谱及荧光寿命,室温透过光谱表明Nd:GdYCOB晶体的紫外吸收边在－220nm,具有很宽的透光波段（－220－2700nm);Nd:GdYCOB晶体在800nm附近存在很强的吸收,适合于LD泵汪,为光光谱表明Nd:GdYCOB晶体是一种很有潜力的RGB（red,green,blue)激光自倍频晶体,掺杂4％,5％ Nd:GdYCOB晶体的荧光寿命分别为105us和100us。     

空间和地面生长LiIO3晶体比热的对比研究

用差示扫描量热计（DSC）测定了空间和地面生长的碘酸锂晶体在-100～350℃温度范围内的比热，据此分别给出了相应的计算比热的经验方程．经验方程计算值和实验值之间的最大百分偏差＜±1％.结果显示，空间和地面生长LiIO3晶体的比热在测量温度范围内无明显差别．     

光学浮区法生长YFeO3晶体

采用光学浮区法生长了新型磁光晶体YFeO3，通过工艺优化，获得了Ф（7-10）mm、长度约60mm的YFeO3晶体、XRD分析表明晶体具有正交钙钛矿结构，晶格常数a=5．5964A，b=7．6052A，c=5．2842A．晶体生长界面为凸界面，生长取向接近[100]方向、晶体截面抛光后观察，未发现肉眼可见的包裹体、晶界等缺陷、     

自变频激光晶体Nd3+:GdAl3(BO3)4的研究

采用熔盐法生长出尺寸为30mm的Nd3+:GdAl3(BO3)4优质晶体,进行了吸收光谱和荧光光谱的测定研究,计算得到晶体发射截面为σe1061.9=2.9×10-19cm2和σe1338mm=5.5×10-20cm2.采用染料激光器作为泵浦源,对晶体进行了自变频激光实验研究,在紫外可调谐(378-382nm)、绿光531nm、蓝光(436-443nm)、红光(669nm)和红外可调谐(1305-1365nm)波段实现了激光输出,输出的最大功率分别为:105μJ/脉冲、119.5μJ/脉冲、445μJ/脉冲、19μJ/脉冲和31μJ/脉冲.     

掺镁近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体的生长

利用提拉法，从掺入11mol％K2O和1mol％MgO的化学配比LiNbO3熔体中生长了高质量的掺镁近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体．与同成分LiNbO3晶体相比，紫外吸收边发生明显蓝移，OH^-红外吸收峰的位置和波形也发生了显著的变化，初步断定晶体中Mg^2 的掺杂浓度已达到抗光伤阈值浓度．酸腐蚀结果表明，晶体具有区域性单畴结构。     

Li2B4O7晶体的比热,导温和导热性能

用ＤＳＣ和激光热导人义分别测定了Ｌｉ２Ｂ４Ｏ７（ＬＢＯ）晶体３５０－９７０Ｋ范围内的比热和６３０－９７０Ｋ范围内不同主晶轴方向的导温系数，并由此了导热系数和声子平均自由程。     

Intercomparison of Thermophysical Property Measurements on an Austenitic Stainless Steel

The results of an inter laboratory comparison of thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal expansion measurements on austenitic stainless steel in the temperature range between 20 and 1000°C are presented here. Mean values are presented for the physical properties studied. Reliable relative expanded uncertainties can be stated for the properties determined, which were achieved by applying good measurement practice, i.e., 3% for thermal expansion, 5% for specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity, and 6% for thermal conductivity. The mean values derived from this intercomparison agree well with the results of a previous intercomparison in 1990. An erratum to this article is availabale at .     

Thermal Conductivity of Small Nickel Particles

The thermal conductivity of nanoscale nickel particles due to phonon heat transfer is extrapolated from thin film results calculated using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD). The electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity is deduced from the electrical conductivity using the Wiedemann–Franz law. Based on the relaxation time approximation, the electrical conductivity is calculated with the Kubo linear-response formalism. At the average temperature of T=300 K, which is lower than the Debye temperature Θ_D=450 K, the results show that in a particle size range of 1.408–10.56 nm, the calculated thermal conductivity decreases almost linearly with decreasing particle size, exhibiting a remarkable reduction compared with the bulk value. The phonon mean free path is estimated, and the size effect on the thermal conductivity is attributed to the reduction of the phonon mean free path according to the kinetic theory.     

Simultaneous measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of Se90?xTe5Sn5Inx (x?=?0, 3, 6, and 9) multi-component chalcogenide glasses

Measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of twin pellets of Se_90−x Te₅Sn₅In _x (x = 0, 3, 6, and 9) chalcogenide glasses were carried out at room temperature using transient plane source technique. The measured values of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were used to determine the specific heat per unit volume of these glasses in the composition range of investigation. Results indicated that both values of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were increased with addition of indium concentration at the cost of selenium, whereas the specific heat per unit volume was slightly decreases with increase of indium content. This compositional dependence behavior of the thermal conductivity and diffusivity can be explained in terms of the iono-covalent type of bonds, which In (indium) makes with Se as it is incorporated in the Se–Te–Sn glass.     

热键合制作Yb:Y3Al5O12/Y3Al5O12复合晶体

采用热键合技术制备了Yb:Y3Al5O12/Y3Al5O12(Yb:YAG/YAG)复合晶体,对复合晶体进行了结构表征和键合质量检测.利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了复合晶体横截面的形貌;在偏光显微镜下观察键合区域的应力,利用干涉条纹来表征复合晶体的光学均匀性;通过红外透过光谱的测量来检测复合晶体的键合质量.实验结果表明:热键合技术制备的Yb:YAG/YAG复合晶体键合界面处无界面缺陷,不存在复合界面空间过渡层,光学均匀性良好.     

镧掺杂Sr0.4Ba0.6TiO3材料的导热性能

研究了不同镧掺杂浓度下Sr0.4Ba0.6TiO3材料的导热性能,研究镧元素对其导热性能的影响,得到了不同掺杂量下钛酸锶钡材料的热导率,材料密度随烧结温度与成型压力的增加而增大;同时发现少量镧元素的掺杂,可以增加钛酸锶钡材料的热导率;当镧元素掺杂量较大时,降低了材料的热导率.钛酸锶钡材料的电子热导率随材料烧结温度的升高基本不变,声子热导率随材料烧结温度的升高而增加.     

Photopyroelectric Determination of the Order of Liquid Crystal Phase Transitions

The photopyroelectric technique has been used to measure simultaneously the specific heat, the thermal conductivity, and the thermal diffusivity of 9CB liquid crystal in the temperature range 35 to 60°C, where the sample undergoes a weakly first-order phase transition and a second-order one. Measurements of the anisotropy of the thermal conductivity have also been performed, and the data have been used to establish the order of the above-mentioned phase transitions. Pretransitional effects in the isotropic phase in the thermal diffusivity have been found, and they have been associated with similar effects reported for the specific heat.     

热电材料β-Cu2-xSe热传导性能模拟研究

“声子液体”热电材料β-Cu2-xSe具有优异的热电转换效率,采用分子动力学模拟的方法研究其热传导性能,分析了类“液态”离子的扩散能力和材料导热性能的相关性,并探究了材料加工处理手段(掺杂和空位)对材料热传导性能的影响。结果表明:类“液态”离子扩散能力和导热系数存在极强的相关性,β-Cu2-xSe中Cu^+移动能力的增强会增加晶格的非简谐振动,从而强化了声子散射,导致材料导热系数的降低。掺杂和空位对“声子液体”热传导性能有不同的影响:材料内部存在空位时,Cu^+倾向于在晶格缺陷中移动,降低了与Se构成的固定亚晶格碰撞概率,造成声学支声子频率的下降,有效地降低了导热系数,提高了材料的热电转换效率;相比空位,掺杂对导热系数的影响不明显。