建构主义与“以学生为中心“的教学理念

以学生为中心的教学理念是当前教学改革中经常被引用的一种观点,对此,就以学生为中心的教学观念和以教师为中心的教学观念的理论背景--建构主义与行为主义进行比较说明,提出以学生为中心的教学设计原则,着重说明以学生为中心的教学观念的理论基础及教学设计应遵守的原则.     

论高职专业课程中的德育渗透

从分析高职学生现实思想状况出发,以提高高职学生学习动力和培养学生职业精神为目的,阐述在专业课程中进行德育教育的紧迫性、必要性、重要性。同时,从专业教师自身素养、专业教师团队、专业教学中德育教育的实施计划等方面对专业课程教学中实施德育渗透的途径和方法进行探讨。     

体育课教学改革之我见

随着学校体育改革的深入发展,学校体育的理念不断更新,特别是伴随新一轮课程提出的新理念,其传播之快,影响之大是前所未有的。下面就体育课堂教学改革和通过观课教学谈谈笔者的一些看法。一、全面理解学校体育教学的新观念导致学校体育理念认识上混乱的主要表现:一是"转变"。如从"以教师为中心转变为以学生为中心"、"以学习知识技术     

网络环境下的“工作坊式”翻译教学实践

"工作坊式"翻译教学模式是一种以实践为导向、以学生为中心、培养职业化翻译人才的教学模式。在网络环境下,翻译教师必须充分认识到网络和计算机技术对"工作坊式"翻译教学的辅助作用,构建基于网络的翻译工作坊,传授给学生常见的网络和计算机技术,以学生的翻译实践为主线来开展翻译教学,并对整个教学过程加以组织、监督和指导。     

以职业技能鉴定促学生实践操作技能

学校教育是实现素质教育的主渠道,这就要求学校必须以"学生"为中心,不断寻找提高技校学生实践能力和培养创新精神的途径与措施。笔者以为教师是素质教育的主要实施者,教师的教育观念必须符合学生的发展需求,必须注重挖掘学生的个性潜能,教会他们学习,提高他们的实践能力和创新精神,以提升技校学生在人才市场的竞争力,扩大毕业生的就业门路,以适应时代发展的要求。     

引导探究教学模式在应用写作教学中的运用

“引导探究教学模式”是以学生为主体地位,强调教师主导作用的一种教学模式。对学生而言它是一种学习方法,它教给学生如何主动获得知识;对教师而言它是一种教学方法,它对老师提出了更高的要求;对提高教学质量来说,它是一种行之有效的教学模式。应用写作教学历来被认为是白开水一杯,枯燥乏味,其实,应用写作教学可以运用“引导探究教学模式”进行教学,使之生动有趣。对此在概述“引导探究教学模式”主要教学环节的基础上,以应用写作教学为例,说明“引导探究教学模式”在其中的运用,探讨“引导探究教学模式”在应用写作教学中有效运用的关键问题,以期与同行探讨如何教好应用写作课程。     

浅谈英语活动教学的有效性

英语课堂的活动教学在近年来的英语课堂教学中取得了有效的进展和成就.进行有效的课堂活动教学,能够大大提高学生学习英语的积极性.有效的活动教学包括 TPR 教学法,寓学于唱,情境教学和游戏比赛等多种方式.有效的课堂活动教学,大大提高了教学效果,提高了学生的英语掌握能力.     

高职公共英语教学与专业结合的探索与实践——以黑龙江生态工程职业学院为例

高职院校公共英语教学应以＂实用为主,够用为度＂为教学原则,以＂学有所用,学以致用＂为职业特色,但学生基础差,学习时间短,教师复合能力欠缺,英语教材与专业脱节等问题严重影响和制约了教学效果,无法促进学生英语实际应用能力的提高。为解决这一矛盾,以黑龙江生态工程职业学院为例,对高职院校公共英语教学与学生所学专业知识相结合进行...     

素质教育在数学课中的实施

本文主要讨论了在高职高专数学教学过程中如何贯穿以学生为主体,以学法指导为实践,以培养学生具有良好的学习习惯及能够运用所学数学思想方法解决实际问题,使学生学会以学习为目标的教育思想。     

在建构主义教学论视野下谈高职教学转化——以建筑工程技术专业“建材检测与分析”教学为例

如何促进高职教学教与学转化是高职教学研究的核心,探讨高职教学转化有利于实现高职有效教学。在建构主义教学论视野下,促进高职教学教与学转化应从学生的学习兴趣入手,以激发学生成就动机为前提;以学习情境创设为载体,激发学生学习兴趣和成就动机;以行动导向教学方法为途径,让学生在实践中获得成果产生成就感。     

高校辅导员在推动学风建设中的实践与探索

学风建设是高等院校教育改革和人才培养的一个极其重要的方面,优良学风能够促进高等院校教育事业的健康发展,有利于学生综合素质的培养和提高。作为高校学生工作一线的骨干力量,高校辅导员在学风建设过程中应该以科学发展观为引领,凸显"以人为本"的学风建设理念,为促进学生的全面协调可持续发展发挥重要的作用。     

精神症候与消解路径:毕业生的就业心态分析

面对就业难的现实困境,许多大学生滋生出与社会发展不相适应的消极精神样态。其根源在于传统观念的影响、教育发展的滞后、市场机制的制约以及成长环境的变迁等多重因素的制约。重塑大学生的精神世界、弘扬主体性精神必然成为当下问题解决的关键。一是个体应转变发展理念,着力提升自我竞争力;二是政府应制定相关政策,积极搭建发展新平台;三是社会应给予理解支持,大力弘扬主体性精神。在多方协同治理中,实现从"知识型"大学生到"能力型"大学生的现实转换。     

水资源承载力理论基础探析:定义内涵与科学问题

水资源承载力是评判水资源与经济社会及生态环境之间是否协同发展的一项综合指标,研究水资源承载力对实现人水和谐具有重要的意义。在综述水资源承载力研究进展基础上,以现阶段人类活动对水资源要素利用和水资源系统扰动的主要方式为出发点,从水量、水质、水域空间和水流状态4个维度赋予了水资源承载力新的内涵,并基于新内涵构建了水资源承载力评价指标体系。认为在水量上应以保障生态用水为前提,确定地表水可利用量和地下水可开采量阈值;在水质上应满足水功能区划水质目标及生物多样性的需求,确定保障鱼类等正常生长的浓度阈值;在水域空间上应统筹考虑防洪、生态、景观等需求,确定不同降水条件下的适宜水域面积阈值;在水流状态上应侧重水系连通对水生态的影响,确定不同水系连通指标的阈值。最后,指出水资源承载力"量-质-域-流"四维演变机制、"水资源-经济社会-生态环境"系统的承载弹性阈值、经济社会发展与生态环境保护之间的"平衡点"以及水资源承载力调控机制是水资源承载力研究的四大关键科学问题。     

Microbiological characterization of winery effluents: an inventory of the sites for different treatment systems.

In a more and more regulated and socially pressured environment, the durable management of winery effluents must take into account their characteristics and their potential impact on their natural setting. The object of this exploratory study is to establish an inventory of the microbiological composition of winery effluents coming from different treatment systems. We have observed that winery effluents are charged with micro-organisms, by a factor that ranges from 10(5) to 10(8) UFC/ml, and that the level of "microbiological pollution" is independent of the type of system. The composition of the flora is closely tied to the time of year and therefore to winery activities, so certain micro-organisms will be favoured in certain periods and others will have a tendency to decrease. We have seen that from one year to another our observations remain identical; the flora equilibrium therefore occurs systematically and naturally. Faecal germs are found in very small quantities in winery effluent treatment systems. They represent minor sanitary risks. Good correlations were observed between some micro-organisms and some physical-chemical parameters (COD). It is, however, difficult to use these "easy-to-measure" parameters as reliable markers of certain microbial populations.     

Parallelwelten – Informelle Arbeit in der Abfallwirtschaft

Rapid urbanization, increasing amounts of waste, and municipalities lacking in both financial and personal resources are characteristic of waste management in low-income countries. “Formal” waste management, represented by national and regional authorities and private companies, is not in a position to provide adequate waste collection and treatment for the local population. Burning waste in backyard fires or tossing it in roadside ditches or “wild dumps” are common practices. But in addition to the formal system, which is unable to cope with the current situation, there is a parallel and informal system that closes the gaps in the collection, processing, treatment and disposal of waste. Informal activities in waste management have become increasingly important in implementation projects and science in recent years. As informal workers are, by definition, not keeping records of their activities, their contribution is not recognized, and the workers remain invisible. The important contribution of the informal sector should not be underestimated, as a major share of waste recycling activities are carried out informally, providing secondary raw materials to local markets. In many cases the informal workers are not recognized as having a key role in waste management systems and run the risk of losing their livelihoods thanks to modernization processes. Informal sector activities take place not only in low-income countries but also in Central and Eastern European countries. However, these activities are carried out against the backdrop of a functioning waste management system and on a legal basis.     

培养预测技能,提高听解能力

《大学英语教学大纲》要求学生应具有一定的听的能力,而传统的听力教学只注重“测试听力水平”,不重于“传授听力技能”。针对这一状况阐述在大学英语听力教学中培养预测技能的重要性,并提出培养预测技能的方法,以提高学生的听解能力。     

Degradation of Lake Ziway,Ethiopia: A study of the environmental perceptions of school students

Lake Ziway in Ethiopia is a freshwater lake supporting multitude uses, including irrigation, fishing, water supply and recreation. However, the lake is being degraded primarily because of various land‐ and water‐use activities in its watershed. Recognizing these human impacts on the lake's water quality and quantity, the perceptions of school students were surveyed under the belief that the future of the lake is largely dependent on this younger generation. The goal of this study was to better understand how students actually recognize the extent to which various human activities impact the water quantity and quality of Lake Ziway. As major stakeholders in their communities, the perceptions of school students from four high schools regarding the changes to the lake over time were investigated. Students were contacted by purposive sampling, based on criteria of student academic performances, and their proximity to the lake. Their perceptions were studied on the basis of an interview survey. The majority of students indicated that high levels of human activities, especially water abstractions and water pollution, were the main lake impacts. Students believe there is a lack of sustainable utilization and protection of the lake. They suggested coordinated activities among all lake stakeholders in the participation and decision‐making process to properly manage the lake. Provision of awareness to both local administrations and local communities, concern for establishing an appropriate regulatory body and allocating a sufficient budget, and strict controls on flower farm practices in the lakeshore, also was considered to be of high priority as a means of conserving the sustainability of the lake. The result derived from this survey has important implications for facilitating improved school curricula, and for federal, regional and district level water resource management authorities, in setting priorities and developing policies for the sustainability of Lake Ziway.     

大专学生英语学习策略调查

对本院两个专业学生的英语学习策略的问卷调查进行分析 ,指出学生在学习英语过程中普遍存在着的一个突出的问题是没有采取有效的学习策略。针对这一问题笔者提出教师应培养学生具有运用学习策略去学习英语的理念 ,并帮助他们养成良好的学习习惯。     

跨文化传播视角下在华留学生的文化民族主义表达模式探析——基于京、津、渝、黔、粤、赣等省市的调研

在华留学生在当今对外文化传播过程中起着重要的作用,在全媒体时代甚至直接关系到中国国家形象的构建问题。通过对在华留学生大范围的调研,以问卷调查结合深度访谈形式展开,以此探究该群体在跨文化传播中的群体心理及其文化民族主义的表达模式,并对形成此种文化民族主义表达模式的机制和原因进行深入分析。     

中国水资源的可持续利用

根据“国际人口行动”提出的“可持续水－人口和可更新水的供给”报告采用的人均水资源主人标准,对我国水资源进行总体评价,到２１世纪中叶,我国将接近用水紧张国家的边缘。我国要实现社会经济的可持续发展和现代化,庆从水资源的开发、利用、保护、管理的各个环节上,采取综合有效的对策措施,在全面节水的基础上,努力提高水的有效利用率。