Influence of Fe on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in Pdoped Ni–Cr–Fe Alloys

The influence of Fe on the microstructure and mechanical properties of P-doped Ni–Cr–Fe alloys has been investigated.Results showed that increasing Fe content refined the dendrite microstructure and enhanced the solubility of P in as-cast alloys. The change of microhardness in different dendrite regions was attributed to the segregation of P atoms in solid solution state, which had strengthening effects. Increasing Fe contents from 15.2 to 60.7 wt% reduced the yield strength and tensile strength but had little influence on the elongation of alloys. The stress rupture life of alloys after heat treatment decreased with the increment of Fe contents, and the failure fracture modes transferred from transgranular to intergranular fracture mode. The change of fracture modes was due to the weakness of grain boundaries caused by the increment of Fe.In addition, the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 was believed to be related to the segregation of P toward grain boundaries, which led to the fluctuation of carbon and chromium atoms near the grain boundaries in alloys with low Fe contents. Consequently, the increment of Fe decreased the strength of matrix and changed the existence of P atoms and the precipitates at grain boundaries.     

Influence of Zn Interlayer on Interfacial Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TIG Lap-Welded Mg/Al Joints

This study explored 6061 Al alloy and AZ31B Mg alloy joined by TIG lap welding with Zn foils of varying thicknesses, with the additional Zn element being imported into the fusion zone to alloy the weld seam. The microstructures and chemical composition in the fusion zone near the Mg substrate were examined by SEM and EDS, and tensile shear strength tests were conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of the Al/Mg joints, as well as the fracture surfaces, and phase compositions. The results revealed that the introduction of an appropriate amount of Zn transition layer improves the microstructure of Mg/Al joints and effectively reduces the formation of Mg-Al intermetallic compounds (IMCs). The most common IMCs in the fusion zone near the Mg substrate were Mg-Zn and Mg-Al-Zn IMCs. The type and distribution of IMCs generated in the weld zone differed according to Zn additions; Zn interlayer thickness of 0.4 mm improved the sample’s mechanical properties considerably compared to thicknesses of less than 0.4 mm; however, any further increase in Zn interlayer thickness of above 0.4 mm caused mechanical properties to deteriorate.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Al – Cu Joints Formed by Friction Stir Welding

Metal Science and Heat Treatment - Friction-stir-welded joints of commercial-purity copper and aluminum alloy AMg5 are studied. The effect of the process parameters on the microstructure and...     

Effect of Nb and Mo on the Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and Ductility-Dip Cracking of Ni–Cr–Fe Weld Metals

A series of Ni–Cr–Fe welding wires with different Nb and Mo contents were designed to investigate the effect of Nb and Mo on the microstructure, mechanical properties and the ductility-dip cracking susceptibility of the weld metals by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction as well as the tensile and impact tests. Results showed that large Laves phases formed and distributed along the interdendritic regions with high Nb or Mo addition. The Cr-carbide(M_(23)C_6) was suppressed to precipitate at the grain boundaries with high Nb addition. Tensile testing indicates that the ultimate strength of weld metals increases with Nb or Mo addition. However, the voids formed easily around the large Laves phases in the interdendritic area during tensile testing for the weld metal with high Mo content. It is found that the tensile fractographs of high Mo weld metals show a typical feature of interdendritic fracture. The high Nb or Mo addition, which leads to the formation of large Laves phases, exposes a great weakening effect on the impact toughness of weld metals. In addition, the ductility-dip cracking was not found by OM in the selected cross sections of weld metals with different Nb additions. High Nb addition can eliminate the ductility-dip cracking from the Ni–Cr–Fe weld metals effectively.     

Effects of Zr and Y on the Mechanical Properties and the Microstructure of Ti-Al-Sn-Nb-Mo-Si Alloy

In the present paper the effects of additions of Zr and Y on the microstructure and mechanical properties for Ti-(6.06.5)Al-(2.0～3.0)Sn-(1.5～6.0)Zr-(0.8～1.0)Mo-1.0Nb-0.25Si alloys are reported,The experimental results show that: with in-creasing of Zr content,tensile strength and creep resistance of the alloys increase,and reduction in area and thermal stability ofthe alloys decrease.Decrease in thermal stabiIity of the alloys mainly caused by surface thermal unstability.After heat treatmentY addition can make grain size of the alloys refine.The reduction in area and thermal stability of the alloys with Y addition areimproved,and tensile strength slightly decreases and creep resistance is essentially the same as the alloy without Y addition.Thesephenomena are explained in brief.     

Effect of Heat Input on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Joints Made by Bypass-Current MIG Welding–Brazing of Magnesium Alloy to Galvanized Steel

Experiments were carried out with bypass-current MIG welding–brazing of magnesium alloy to galvanized steel to investigate the effect of heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties of lap joints. Experimental results indicated that the joint efficiency tended to increase at first and then to reduce with the increase of heat input. The joint efficiency reached its maximum of about 70% when the heat input was 155 J/mm. The metallurgical bonding between magnesium alloy and steel was a thin continuous reaction layer, and the intermetallic compound layer consisted of Mg–Zn and slight Fe–Al phases. It is concluded that bypass-current MIG welding–brazing is a stable welding process, which can be used to achieve defect-free joining of magnesium alloy to steel with good weld appearances.     

Effects of Cooling Rate and Component on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Zn–Y Alloys

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–6Zn–1Y and Mg–6Zn–3Y(wt%) alloys under different cooling rates were investigated. The results show that the second dendrite arm spacing(SDAS) of Mg–6Zn–1Y and Mg–6Zn–3Y is reduced by 32 and 30% with increasing cooling rates(Rc) from 10.2 to 23 K/s, which can be predicted using a empirical model of SDAS=68 R 0:45:45cand SDAS=73 R 0c, respectively. The compressive strength of both alloys increases with increasing the cooling rate, which is attributed to the increase of volume fraction(Vf) of secondary phases under high cooling rate. The interaction of the cooling rate and component with SDAS has been theoretically analyzed using interdependence theory.     

Effect of Strontium and Magnesium Additions on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al–12Si Alloys

Metals and Materials International - In this study, a binary Al–12Si, eight ternary Al–12Si–Sr, and six quaternary Al–12Si–0.1Sr–(0.2–1)Mg alloys were...     

Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Ni Metal Treated by Surface Mechanical Attrition

A nanostructured surface layer can be formed in Ni metal treated by surface mechanical attrition (SMA). The microstructure was investigated by using optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron microscope,respectively. Mechanical property measurements indicate that the yield strength of the surface layer raises significantly while the tensile strength somewhat changes and the elongation percentage reduces severely compared with that of the inside layer. Meanwhile, yield-drop-like phenomenon occurs in the surface layer after SMA treatment. In order to compare the mechanical behavior of nanostructured materials with two phases, Fe-30Ni nanostructured alloy was also investigated.     

Effect of Ag on the Microstructure,Mechanical and Bio-corrosion Properties of Fe–30Mn Alloy

In the current work, biodegradable Fe–30 Mn– X Ag( X = 1, 2, 5, 10 wt%) alloys were prepared by the rapid solidifi cation with copper-mold-casting technology. Phase analysis demonstrates that Fe–30 Mn– X Ag alloys consist of austenite γ phase with a fcc structure and martensite ε phase with a hcp structure. The yield strength of the samples increases with increasing Ag contents. Compared with Fe–30 Mn alloy, the degradation rates of Fe–30 Mn– X Ag in Hank's solution are signifi cantly improved. Cytotoxicity evaluation reveals that the Fe–30 Mn–1 Ag and Fe–30 Mn–2 Ag alloys perform less toxicity on the Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells(HUVEC), while Fe–30 Mn–5 Ag and Fe–30 Mn–10 Ag alloys perform no toxicity on it. The contact angles of deionized water on the Fe–30 Mn– X Ag alloy surface were ranged from 55° to 69°, which is benefi cial to the adhesion and growth of the cells. Besides, the addition of Ag leads to a much lower M/H slope, particularly for the Fe–30 Mn–5 Ag alloy exhibiting a non-magnetic property as SS316 L. Therefore, the present Fe–30 Mn– X Ag alloys would be potential candidates for degradable metals.     

热液静挤压93W-4．9Ni-2．1Fe合金显微组织与力学性能

采用热液静挤压工艺对液相烧结态93W-4．9Ni-2．1Fe合金进行了变形，挤压温度为1200℃，变形量60％～75％：系统研究了挤压态合金力学性能与显微组织之间的关系。结果表明，挤压态合金的钨颗粒内部表征为高密度位错构成的胞状亚结构，而粘结相在挤压过程中发生了动态再结晶。挤压态合金的强度随着变形量的增大而不断增加，延伸率则随着变形量的增大而不断减小。     

Influence of Welding Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Resistance Spot Welded High Strength Steels

This paper presents an experimental study on physical and mechanical properties of high strength steel plates（AISI 4130） joined by resistance spot welding by means of hardness mapping technique. Welding current and electrode force were selected as experimental parameters. The welded joints were exposed to tensile-shearing tests in order to determine the strength of the welded zones. Hardness and microstructural examinations were carried out in order to examine the influence of welding parameters on the welded joints. Hardness mapping test was conducted on the large area of weld zone, including the heat afected zone and base plate. Hardness map was used to investigate the efects of current on hardness and microstructure in diferent regions of weld. Low electrode force and high welding current, used during the welding, increased the expulsion. An optimum weld quality was obtained by using 6.5 kA weld current. It was found that mechanical performance of resistance spot welded samples is controlled by nugget diameter and expulsion. Results revealed that hardness mapping technique provides one of the best methods for the physical and mechanical understanding of heterogeneous microstructures using hardness criterion.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold Metal Transfer Welding Similar and Dissimilar Aluminum Alloys

Integrating structures made from aluminum alloys in automotive industry requires a large amount of joining. As a consequence, the properties of the joints have a significant influence on the overall performance of the whole structure.Robot cold metal transfer welding is a relatively new joining technique and has been used in this work to join 6082-T4 and5182-O aluminum alloy sheets by using ER5356 and ER4043 filler metals. Microstructure characterization was performed by optical microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and the mechanical properties were measured by tensile and hardness tests. A correlation is made between welding variables, mechanical properties and the microstructure of welded joints. Results indicate that robot cold metal transfer welding provides good joint efficiency with high welding speed, good tensile strength, and ductility. Owing to the low heat input of robot cold metal transfer welding process, the heat affected zone microstructure was quite similar to base metals, and weld metal microstructure was the controlling factor of joint efficiency. The best performing were the 5182/5182 joints welded with ER5356 and these had mechanical property coefficients of 100%, 98%, and 85% for yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation, respectively.     

Ti-xCr-yCu钛基材料的制备及组织性能研究

研究了Al-Cu-Li-(0.35Mg)-(0.2In)合金的拉伸性能、时效析出相类型及其分布。T6峰时效时,Al-Cu-Li合金的时效析出相为T1(Al2CuLi)和?? (Al2Cu)相。添加0.2%In时,T6态时效早期形成许多方块状的立方相Al5Cu6Li2,且随时间延长其尺寸保持稳定;同时,可促进? ?相析出;相应合金的时效响应加速,强度提高。同时添加In和Mg可抑制Al5Cu6Li2相析出,但促进T1相析出。In和Mg的复合微合金化效果小于2050铝锂合金中Ag和Mg的复合微合金化效果,因而In+Mg复合微合金化铝锂合金T6态强度低于Ag+Mg复合微合金化的2050铝锂合金。T8态时效时,时效前预变形产生的位错抑制了In元素单独添加和In+Mg复合添加的微合金化效果。     

Effect of Nb Content on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mo0.25V0.25Ti1.5Zr0.5Nbx High-Entropy Alloys

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have significant application prospects as promising candidate materials for nuclear industry due to their excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and irradiation resistance. In this work, the Mo_0.25V_0.25Ti_1.5Zr_0.5Nb_x(x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0) HEAs were designed and fabricated. The alloys were prepared by vacuum arc melting, and all the ingots were annealed at 1200°C for 24 h. The microstructures, ...     

Influence of Zn Content on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Mg–Zn–Y–Nd Alloy

In the present study, the effect of Zn content on the microstructure and deformation behavior of the as-cast Mg–Zn–Y–Nd alloy has been investigated. The results showed that as Zn content increased, the volume fraction of secondary phases increased. Moreover, the phase transformation from W-phase to W-phase and I-phase occurred. In the as-cast state,W-phase exists as eutectic and large block form. When Zn content increases to 6 and 8%(wt%), small I-phase could precipitate around W-phase particles. Additionally, the effect of Zn content on the tensile properties and deformation behavior varies with the testing temperature. At room temperature, the tensile strength increases with Zn content, whereas the elongation increases initially and then decreases. At 250 °C, as Zn content increases, the tensile strength decreases initially and then increases slightly, whereas the elongation decreases. At 350 °C, the elongation increases with Zn content,whereas the tensile strength decreases initially and then increases slightly.     

元素Co对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金微观组织和性能的影响

以高能球磨粉末为原料,研究了元素钴对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金性能和微观结构的影响.实验采用光学金相(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、EDAX能谱等方法对样品的组织形貌进行了表征;采用准静态拉伸试验对合金的抗拉强度、延伸率进行了测试,采用排水法对合金的相对密度进行了测算.实验结果表明:当Co含量为0～0.9%时,随Co含量增加,93W-Ni-Fe合金的抗拉强度、延伸率和相对密度由不添加Co时的997.2 MPa、14.94%、99.27%分别提高为0.9%Co时的1024.7 MPa、23.92%和99.40%;适量元素Co的加入会增加合金中钨晶粒的穿晶解理断裂和粘结相的延性撕裂、改善合金组织、提高合金的性能;当元素Co含量超过0.9%时,随Co含量增加,93W-Ni-Fe合金的性能有所降低,Co含量为1.5%时,合金抗拉强度降至1006.3 MPa,延伸率降至21.96%.     

93W/Ni/Mo1接头的等离子活化扩散焊接研究

利用等离子活化技术对93W/Ni/Mo1进行真空扩散焊接,用剪切强度和显微硬度表征焊接接头的力学性能,对焊接界面和接头断口物相及微观结构进行表征分析。结果表明,焊接温度低于800℃时,焊接界面有孔洞,焊接温度高于800℃时,焊接界面良好。焊接接头的剪切强度随着焊接温度的升高先升高后降低,在焊接温度为800℃时接头强度最大为100.2 MPa。焊接温度低于800℃时,焊接界面发生扩散形成固溶体;焊接温度高于800℃时,Ni/Mo1界面生成MoNi高硬度金属间化合物,降低焊接接头结合强度。93W/Ni/Mo1焊接接头的断裂破坏主要发生在Ni/Mo1扩散界面。     

Influence of Cold-Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of Nuclear FeCrAl Alloy with Low Cr and Nb Contents

FeCrAl alloy is one of the most promising candidates as an accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) cladding material. Herein, the influence of cold-rolling (CR) reduction on microstructure and tensile properties of the as-annealed FeCrAl alloys, with low Cr and Nb contents, is systematically examined. With the increase in CR reduction, the grain size of FeCrAl alloy is obviously refined after annealing because the increase in stored deformation energy leads to enhanced recrystallization. However, the large CR reductions result in a severe mixed-grain microstructure, significantly reducing the uniform deformability of the FeCrAl alloy. The dislocation density of the as-annealed FeCrAl alloy decreases with the increase in CR reduction, except for the excessive CR reduction of 50%. Moreover, the Laves phases are crushed and dissolved during CR and annealing, as well as large amounts of refined Laves phases are found after large CR reductions. The pinning effect of the Laves phases can significantly improve the strength of FeCrAl alloy. Accordingly, the strengthening mechanisms of FeCrAl alloy consist of fine-grain strengthening, dislocation strengthening and precipitation strengthening. Finally, the FeCrAl alloy, with a CR reduction of 30%, achieves optimal tensile properties. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the industrial production of the FeCrAl alloy.     

Cr对含FeT业纯铜组织和力学性能的影响

研究了Cr的不同加入量（ωcr=0％、0．3％、0．75％和1．2％）对含Fe工业纯铜组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Cr与Cu不能形成化合物,可有限固溶于纯铜中,超过部分形成过剩的第二相。固溶时效热处理可析出细小弥散的第二相质点。随Cr含量增大,铸态合金材料的强度、硬度增加。热处理可使铸态力学性能得到进一步提高。少量的Fe对合金的力学性能是有益的。