细粒白云石疏水聚团的原位研究

采用聚焦光束反射测量仪和颗粒录影显微镜原位观测了-30μm细粒白云石在脂肪酸类药剂GJBW以及煤油诱导下的疏水聚团尺寸和形貌,考察了GJBW浓度、煤油用量、油滴粒度、pH值和搅拌速度的影响。结果表明,GJBW诱导形成了疏松的支链结构聚团,微米级油滴能显著增大聚团尺寸和强度,形成较紧密的球形结构聚团。搅拌速度较高时聚团有所破坏,但当搅拌速度降低时,聚团可以重构。原位表征能更准确地揭示细颗粒的疏水聚团过程。     

东鞍山铁矿强化细粒铁矿物回收新技术研究

针对东鞍山烧结厂强磁选作业尾矿铁品位偏高,现有的强磁设备不能有效回收细粒铁矿物的问题,在强磁给矿样品工艺矿物学研究基础上,基于聚团分选理论,通过聚团强磁选试验详细考察了分散剂及淀粉用量、强磁分选参数等因素对微细粒铁矿强磁分选效果的影响,通过混磁精矿反浮选试验考察了选择性聚团预处理对反浮选分选指标的影响.聚团强磁选试验结...     

高泥化煤泥水的疏水聚团沉降试验研究

为探寻煤泥水聚团沉降新技术,以季铵盐类药剂为表面活性剂开展了高泥化煤泥水疏水聚团沉降试验研究,考察了药剂用量、动能输入、p H值等因素对高泥化煤泥水疏水聚团沉降的影响规律。结果表明:季铵盐能够改善颗粒表面疏水性,降低颗粒表面电负性,提高煤泥颗粒疏水聚团效果,季铵盐烷基链越长,药剂用量越大,对煤泥颗粒的聚团效果越强;高矿浆浓度煤泥水有利于煤泥颗粒形成疏水聚团;合适的动能输入能增强疏水聚团效果;随着p H值(p H=4~12)增大,沉降速度增大,但上清液透光率有所减小。当煤泥水质量浓度为26 g/L,采用p H=8.6、药剂1831用量3 000 g/t、搅拌强度750 r/min及搅拌时间10 min时煤泥水沉降效果较好,沉降速度达0.83 cm/min,透光率达78.6%。     

微细粒辉钼矿浮选机理研究

研究了微细粒辉钼矿在煤油、柴油和XM31等3种油类捕收剂体系下的浮选行为,并通过红外光谱分析、界面相互作用计算等手段揭示了油类捕收剂与微细粒辉钼矿的作用机理。结果表明,新型油类捕收剂XM31在水中的分散能力优于煤油和柴油; 在pH=2~11范围内,XM31对微细粒辉钼矿的团聚捕收效果也优于煤油和柴油; 3种油类捕收剂均主要以物理吸附形式与微细粒辉钼矿发生作用。界面相互作用计算结果表明,在水介质中油类捕收剂与微细粒辉钼矿之间存在范德华引力,但起团聚捕收作用的主要因素是由Lewis酸碱相互作用造成的疏水引力; 根据疏水引力大小判断,油类捕收剂在辉钼矿表面上的吸附强度大小顺序为煤油>柴油>XM31。浮选实验结果表明,辉钼矿在3种捕收剂体系下的回收率高低顺序为XM31>柴油>煤油,说明油类捕收剂在矿浆中的分散能力比其在矿物表面的吸附强度对辉钼矿浮选指标的影响更大。     

细粒方铅矿和闪锌矿的絮团浮选

本文研究了浮选方铅矿和闪锌矿絮团的方法,即所谓的絮团浮选法.通过戊基钾黄药和动能输入引起疏水絮凝.用-20μm单矿物进行微量浮选和絮团粒度测定.研究了pH值、戊基钾黄药的浓度、煤油用量和搅拌强度等参数对絮团浮选的影响.结果表明,絮团浮选效果与絮团粒度密切相关.在优化的操作条件下,方铅矿和闪锌矿的絮团浮选回收率可达到100%,而常规浮选的回收率只有40%.试验还发现,少量的煤油可大幅度改进浮选指标,大量节省戊基钾黄药的用量.还用墨西哥Rey de Plata细粒浸染的铅、锌、银、金和铜矿石进行了絮团浮选试验.试验结果表明,不仅絮团浮选的尾矿有用金属损失低,而且精选效率高,获得的精矿品位和回收率均比常规浮选高得多.前者可能是由于细粒有用矿物回收率高,后者可能是由于絮团形成和添加煤油使有用矿物浮选速度加快.     

微细粒黑钨矿复合聚团分选新技术及扫描电镜图像研究

研究结果表明，絮凝剂ＦＤ对微细粒黑钨矿具有良好的选择性絮凝特性。在不影响微细粒黑钨矿选择性聚团的前提下，分散剂六偏磷酸钠对四种脉石矿物（方解石、萤石、石榴石和石英）具有选择性分散特性。添加微细粒磁铁矿，可使黑钨矿与磁铁矿形成复合聚团，增大团聚体粒度，强化分选过程。扫描电镜图像分析较好地解释了各矿物的聚团及分散行为。     

微细粒弱磁性矿物极弱磁场复合高分子聚团研究

高分子絮凝一直被认为是微细粒溺磁性矿物选择性聚团的有效方法之一。本研究在高分子絮凝过程中引入有少量磁种参与的极弱磁场磁（种）聚团机制,即极弱磁场复合高分子聚团,明显强化了高分子絮凝作用,在保持良好选择性的同时增强了聚团能力。通过较为深入的显微照相与表面物理化学研究,本文还将介绍这种复合聚团的粒间作用方式模型和能量模型,并揭示复合聚团机理。     

阳泉铝土矿高铝浮选尾矿的疏水聚团浮选

采用疏水聚团浮选工艺脱作山西阳泉铝土矿高铝浮选尾矿中的微细粒含铁、钛杂质矿物，最终产品中的ＴｉＯ２和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３含量分别降至１．８８和０．８５％，使其可直接用作合成莫来石的原料，试验研究表明，疏水聚团浮选较直接浮选工艺可显著提高微细粒杂质矿物的脱除率。     

细粒方铅矿和闪锌矿的絮闭浮选

本文研究了浮选方铅矿和闪锌矿絮闭的方法,即所谓的絮闭浮选法。通过戊基钾黄药和动能输入引疏水絮凝。用－20μm单矿物进行微量浮选和絮闭粒度测定,研究了PH值,戊基钾黄药的浓度,煤油用量和搅拌强度等参数对絮闭浮选的影响。结果表明,絮闭浮选效果与絮团密度相关,在优化的操作条件下,方铅矿和闪锌矿的絮闭浮选回收率可达到100％,而常规浮选的回收率只有40％,试不发现,少量的煤油可大幅度改进浮选指标,大量节省戊基钾黄药的用量,还用墨西哥Rey de Plata细粒浸染的铅、锌、银、金和铜矿石进行了絮闭浮选试验,试验结果表明,不仅闭浮选的尾矿有用金属损失低,而且精选效率,获得的精矿闰的回收率均比常规浮选高得多,前者可能是由于细粒有用矿物回收率高,后者可能是由于絮团形成和添加煤油使有用矿物浮选速度加快。     

剪切环境下某铅锌尾矿絮团演化过程及絮团表征

某铅锌矿山对尾矿颗粒絮团强度有一定要求,为了研究如何表征并增大絮团强度,考察了絮凝剂的种类和用量、搅拌时间、搅拌速度以及单位矿浆输入能量等剪切环境因素对某铅锌尾矿剪切絮凝沉降的影响,进行了相应的絮凝沉降试验、颗粒录影显微技术(ParticleView V19)实时监测以及显微镜絮团图像分析,并讨论了絮凝机理,旨在揭示絮体形成过程与絮凝效果的关系。结果表明:对某铅锌尾矿的絮凝作用:阳离子聚丙烯酰胺>阴离子聚丙烯酰胺>阳离子醚化淀粉,阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)最佳用量值为200 g/t,加入表面电荷相反的PAM,能使颗粒表面动电位降低而凝聚,当絮凝剂过量时,会使得整个体系变为带正电荷。由于正电荷间的互斥作用,絮凝体再次分散,发生再稳现象,从而使絮凝效果减弱。搅拌时间、搅拌速度、单位矿浆输入能量对某铅锌尾矿的剪切絮凝行为的影响很大;搅拌时间关系着絮团的成长破碎程度;搅拌强度的大小影响着絮团所受剪切强度,搅拌强度越大,絮团最终形成稳态的抗剪切强度越高,形貌越规则;单位矿浆输入能量存在一个极限值,超过极限值时,絮团形成与破碎达到了一个相对平衡的稳态,絮团能够在此搅拌体系下稳定存在。     

新型高效辉钼矿抑制剂及其作用机理研究

开发了环保、高效和价格低廉的新型辉钼矿抑制剂——瓜尔豆胶,研究了该药剂对辉钼矿可浮性的影响及其作用机理。研究结果表明,瓜尔豆胶表面具有丰富的含氧官能团,能紧密吸附于辉钼矿表面并改变辉钼矿的表面润湿性,可显著降低辉钼矿可浮性。当瓜尔豆胶用量为30 mg/L时,即使向浮选体系中加入大量煤油也不能再恢复辉钼矿的可浮性。瓜尔豆胶具有优异的适应性,在广泛的pH值范围内均对辉钼矿有良好的抑制效果,可作为辉钼矿抑制剂实现铜钼矿石分选中铜钼的高效分离。     

Interaction mechanism of miscible DDA–Kerosene and fine quartz and its effect on the reverse flotation of magnetic separation concentrate

In this study, a modification of oil assisted flotation processes of quartz particles has been proposed, which is based on introduction of miscible Dodecylamine (DDA)-Kerosene as collector with DDA cationic surfactant coated on kerosene to the hydrophilic quartz particles in the pulp. The property of miscible DDA–Kerosene emulsion was investigated. Due to the adsorption of DDA at kerosene/water interface, a smaller and uniform kerosene emulsion formed. Addition of cationic surfactant to the kerosene emulsion changed the zeta potential value from negative to positive, which resulted in enhancing the adhesion of the oil droplets to negatively charged quartz. The results showed that agglomeration and flotation process can be realized simultaneously with DDA–Kerosene. The agglomeration of fine quartz minerals in the presence of miscible DDA–Kerosene led to the formation of very large compact agglomerates resulting in increasing hydrophobicity of the particles and inducing a higher probability of collision and adhesion to air bubble. Experimental data indicated that miscible DDA–Kerosene had better selectivity and stronger collectability to quartz than DDA–HCl, which can be used as an efficient collector in the reverse flotation of magnetic separation concentrate of TISCO. At the same DDA dosage (60 g/t), separation efficiency got to 18.53% when using DDA–HCl as collector; while a better result was obtained with DDA–Kerosene, the efficiency of separation reached 59.07% which was identical with 120 g/t DDA–HCl.     

Effect of Pulse-Discharge Treatment on Structural and Chemical Properties and Floatability of Sulfide Minerals

In terms of sulfide copper–molybdenum ore of Sorsk stockwork deposit (Republic of Khakasia), the authors discuss the option of selective dissociation of minerals. The scope of the discussion embraces the effect of pulsed-discharge treatment on particle-size indexes, structural and chemical properties and floatability of objects of the study. It is shown that the pulse-discharge treatment in a greater degree influences copper sulfides and levels their floatability while surface of molybdenite undergoes minor alteration. The pulse-discharge treatment allows enhancing flotation selectivity in separation of copper sulfides and molybdenite, and promotes removal of hydrophobic molybdenite film from quartz surface, which results in production of high-quality molybdenite concentrates.     

捕收剂DT-1在钼矿浮选中的应用研究

针对辽宁某钼矿浮选中,水玻璃用量大,尾矿沉降及tfqp矿水回水困难问题,研制了可在低水玻璃用量条件下,对该钼矿实现有效分选的新型捕收剂DT-1.实验结果表明:新型捕收剂DT-1对辉钼矿具有很强的捕收能力和较好的选择性,与传统煤油、黄药等捕收剂相比,DT-1在减少60％水玻璃用量的情况下仍然可以获得较好的指标,经过闭路试验,最终得到了品位为53.04％,回收率为95.02％的钼精矿.     

磨矿介质环境对微细粒辉钼矿可浮性的影响研究

分别采用钢球和锆球介质对微细粒辉钼矿粗精矿进行细磨,并对细磨后辉钼矿的可浮性及浆料的化学性质进行了检测分析。结果表明,采用锆球介质细磨时,辉钼矿回收率较高,而矿浆pH值、电位(Eh)及EDTA可萃铁及铅量则较低。钢球介质易与辉钼矿中的黄铁矿、方铅矿发生反应生成铁氧化物-氢氧化物沉积在辉钼矿表面,降低了辉钼矿尤其是-10 μm粒级辉钼矿的可浮性。采用锆球惰性磨矿介质有利于辉钼矿回收,能获得较好的回收率。     

Depressing effect of flocculants on molybdenite flotation

The quality of recycled process water is an important issue in the flotation of Cu–Mo ores. Processing of Cu–Mo ores includes two steps: a bulk flotation where molybdenite is recovered together with Cu sulfides, and a subsequent selective flotation step where molybdenite is separated from depressed copper sulfides. Flocculants are usually employed in the middling thickeners in the copper plant, and in the Cu–Mo bulk concentrate ahead of the molybdenite plant. However, the floatability of molybdenite, similarly to other naturally hydrophobic minerals, is highly sensitive to the presence of both natural and synthetic polymers. In this work flotation tests demonstrate that conventional flocculants, high-molecular weight anionic polyacrylamides (PAM), are strong molybdenite depressants. Low-molecular weight shear degraded polyacrylamides in spite of losing flocculation efficiency maintain depressing ability for molybdenite. Also a non-ionic flocculant, polyethylene oxide (PEO), has been studied in this project. Our results indicate that PEO is an efficient flocculant for molybdenite suspensions in a wide pH range. However, similarly to polyacrylamides, the PEO flocculant also depresses molybdenite flotation.