Ti和Si在Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Al_(10)Ni_5大块金属玻璃中的原子扩散行为

采用二次离子质谱仪(SIMS)研究了Ti和Si原子在Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5大块金属玻璃(BMG)中的扩散行为,发现在玻璃转变温度Tg上下,其扩散系数的温度关系均分别符合同一Arrhenius关系式,表明玻璃转变并未引起扩散机制的变化。而且小原子Si比大原子Ti的扩散系数高约0.5～1个数量级,但其扩散激活能Q却相差不多,这是由于Si原子虽然原子半径较小,但它作为非金属元素与基材中的金属原子结合力较强,从而使得扩散激活能也较大。     

结构弛豫对Zr_(64.13)Cu_(15.75)Ni_(10.12)Al_(10)块体非晶合金硬度和剪切带特征的影响

通过接近玻璃转变温度的等温退火获得不同弛豫状态的Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金样品。利用维氏显微硬度计和洛氏硬度计研究结构弛豫对合金硬度和压痕周围剪切带特征的影响规律。结果表明:在590K等温退火处理使Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金发生焓弛豫行为,其维氏显微硬度随退火时间的延长较快增加后趋于稳定,而大载荷洛氏硬度对结构弛豫不敏感。通过洛氏压痕周围剪切带特征的研究,定量比较了结构弛豫对剪切带间距、数量的影响规律。     

制备条件对Zr基大块金属玻璃复合材料组织与性能的影响

分别采用低压铸造／水冷铜模急冷成形和熔体水淬的方法制备了Zr56.2：Ti13.8Nb5.0Cu6.9Ni5．6Be12．5内生β相／BMG基体复合材料，表征了材料的微观组织特性，测试了材料的室温压缩性能。结果表明，复合材料的微观组织特性，包括β相的体积分数、形貌和尺寸等，对其制备条件是非常敏感的。不同的制备方法、不同的试样形状与尺寸提供了不同的熔体冷却速率。相对低的熔体冷速导致了更多、更粗大的卢相的形成；复合材料的室温压缩性能取决于其微观组织特性，多而粗大的β相使材料的宏观塑性应变明显增加。     

压力对La-Al-(Cu,Ni)金属玻璃结构驰豫的影响

采用铜模吸铸法制备出La62.0Al15.7(Cu0.5Ni0.5)22.3大块金属玻璃,经高压处理后,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和示差扫描量热计(DSC)对非晶的结构驰豫和晶化过程进行了研究.结果表明,非晶玻璃转变温度和第一晶化温度随着压力的增加,其先增加后减小,极大值出现在4.0 GPa的压力.这种现象归因于经过高压处理后玻璃转变温度区焓的变化,而焓的变化由基体缺陷激活体积引起自由体积变化所导致.此外,高压处理还影响玻璃的结晶过程.     

Induced Plasticity of a Brittle(La,Ce)-Based Bulk Metallic Glass by Surface Corrosion

Unexpected facture without any room-temperature plasticity severely limits potential structural applications of bulk metallic glasses(BMGs), especially La-, Mg- and Fe-based ones. In this study, a simple free corrosion method was provided to improve the plasticity of a brittle(La, Ce)-based BMG by the introduction of high-density corrosion defects on the surface. The influences of immersing time in 0.1 mol/L H2SO4 aqueous solution on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of the BMG were evaluated. With increasing immersing time from 5 to 30 min, the degree of surface corrosion increased obviously, and the distribution of corrosion defects became more homogenous. In the samples, the yielding phenomenon and certain plasticity appeared up to 0.3% after the surface treatment. The yielding and plasticity can be attributed to easier nucleation of shear bands on the defect surface rather than on the glabrous surface. The results provided a novel method to improve the plasticity of BMGs.     

Ti_(45)Cu_(35)Zr_8Ni_7Pd_5块体非晶合金的形成能力及力学性能(英文)

利用铜模铸造方法制备了Ti45Cu35Zr8Ni7Pd5合金圆棒。通过XRD、SEM和DSC等手段研究了合金的组织,讨论了合金的玻璃形成能力,测定了合金的力学性能。结果表明,直径为2mm的圆棒为单一金属玻璃相,3mm和4mm直径的圆棒由金属玻璃相和TiCu结晶相组成。直径为2mm的圆棒具有最高的压缩断裂强度(2160MPa)和最高的硬度(维氏硬度,5600MPa)。压缩强度和硬度随着圆棒直径的增加而降低,但变形能力增加。     

Zr_(56.6)Cu_(17.3)Ni_(12.5)Al_(9.6)Ti_4块体非晶合金的玻璃形成能力

采用低纯度的原料,通过电弧熔炼铜模铸造法制备了直径达10mm的Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4非晶合金圆棒。该合金玻璃转变温度tg=385.8℃,晶化温度tx=464.2℃,过冷液相区温差Δtx=78.4℃,约化玻璃温度trg(tg/tmL)=0.62。以基于DTA的合金凝固点偏移的方法确定该合金的临界冷却速度Rc=7.1℃/s,低于商业合金Vit.105合金的临界冷速(约为10℃/s)。楔形试样对比结果显示:Zr56.6合金试样中的非晶组织区域明显大于Vit.105合金的,预示前者具有较好的实际玻璃形成能力。以上结果表明,Zr56.6Cu17.3Ni12.5Al9.6Ti4合金是Zr Al Ni Cu Ti系中玻璃形成能力最强的合金之一。     

Resistance spot welding of Ti_(40)Zr_(25)Ni_3Cu_(12)Be_(20) bulk metallic glass:experiments and finite element modeling

The use of resistance spot welding(RSW)technology for joining Ti_(40)Zr_(25)Ni_3Cu_(12)Be_(20) metallic glass was investigated.The microstructure obtained from the welded BMG sample was studied.Joint without precipitates was prepared with welding current of 5.0 kA for 2cycles.A fully coupled thermal-electrical-mechanical finite element model(FEM) was developed to complement the experimental study.The simulated results agree well with the measurements.The effects of key process parameters such as welding current and welding time on the evolvement and microstructure of the weldment were determined and discussed.Moreover,the critical cooling rate for preserving the amorphous state in the weld fusion zone is determined to be approximately 1×10~3 K·s~(-1).     

Pd_(77.5)Cu_6Si_(16.5)块体非晶合金的制备与热稳定性

采用玻璃包覆净化方法和水淬法,制备出了尺寸达7mm的Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5块体非晶合金样品。热分析结果表明,与熔体旋淬甩带法制备的Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5非晶条带样品相比,所制备的Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5块体非晶合金样品具有更低的玻璃转变温Tg、更高的初始晶化温度Tx和更宽的过冷液相温度区间ΔT(ΔT=Tx-Tg)。研究结果表明,采用玻璃包覆净化法有效去除了Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5合金熔体中的异质核心,显著提高了该合金熔体的稳定性和所制备的Pd77.5Cu6Si16.5块体非晶合金的热稳定性,提高了该合金的非晶形成能力。     

Direct TEM Observation of Phase Separation and Crystallization in Cu_(45)Zr_(45)Ag_(10)Metallic Glass

The structural evolution of Cu_(45)Zr_(45)Ag_(10) metallic glass was investigated by in situ transmission electron microscopy heating experiments. The relationship between phase separation and crystallization was elucidated. Nucleation and growth-controlled nanoscale phase separation at early stage were seen to impede nanocrystallization, while a coarser phase separation via aggregation of Ag-rich nanospheres was found to promote the precipitation of Cu-rich nanocrystals.Coupling of composition and dynamics heterogeneities was supposed to play a key role during phase separation preceding crystallization.     

Atomic Structure of Cu_(49)Hf_(42)Al_9 Metallic Glass with High Glass-Forming Ability and Plasticity

Electron diffraction was used to study the local atomic structure of Cu_(49)Hf_(42)Al_9 metallic glasses(MGs).The amorphous nature of the MG was fully retained after the compression test.The partial radial distribution functions(PRDFs)of the MG structure obtained from the atomic model using reverse Monte Carlo and density functional theory optimization display that the peaks of the first nearest-neighbour distances for Cu-Cu,Hf-Cu and Hf-Hf atomic pairs were located at 2.56 A,2.78 A and 3.23 A,respectively.The wide distribution of PRDF for Hf-Hf atomic pair explained the high plasticity of the material.     

氧含量及过热度对铸态Zr_(52.5)Cu_(17.9)Ni_(14.6)Al_(10)Ti_5大体积玻璃合金微观组织结构及力学性能的影响

利用射流成型法制备了厚度为２ｍｍ的Ｚｒ５２．５Ｃｕ１７．９Ｎｉ１４．６Ａｌ１０Ｔｉ５金属玻璃薄板,通过控制氧含量和过热度来改变 玻璃薄板中淬态结晶相的体积分数。研究表明：低的氧含量水平和高的过热度有利于提高该合金的玻璃形成能力,形 成完全非晶的合金;完全非晶的 ２ｍｍＺｒ５２．５Ｃｕ１７．９Ｎｉ１４．６Ａｌ１０Ｔｉ５大体积金属玻璃薄板其断裂应力为 １７１０ＭＰＳ,弹性模量为 ８０ＧＰａ,弹塑性为２．２％。提高合金中的氧含量水平或者降低熔体过热度都有利于结晶相析出。基体中出现２％和６％的结晶相时,断裂应力分别降为１５８ＭＰａ和１２２０ＭＰａ．淬态结晶相的析出改变了Ｚｒ５２．５Ｃｕ１７．９Ｎｉ１４．６Ａｌ１０Ｔｉ５大体积金属玻 璃剪切流变的变形方式,使材料脆断。     

Phase Separation and Crystallization Induced by Electron Irradiation in Nanoscale Fe_(56.5)Mn_(11)Cr_(8.5)Ni_4Si_(10)C_(10) Metallic Glass

A nanoscale Fe_(56.5)Mn_(11)Cr_(8.5)Ni_4Si_(10)C_(10) metallic glass was irradiated by electron beam in a 200 kV transmission electron microscope.Structure evolution in the metallic glass was investigated in situ during continuous irradiation,where phase separation was observed after irradiation for 5 min and crystallization was observed after 33.5 min.Based on the analysis of irradiation effect,atomic displacement is believed to be the main reason for the structure rearrangement.Accumulation of atomic displacement increases the energy of the sample and promotes atomic diffusion during transformation.On the other hand,the large specific surface area of the sample also contributes to increasing free energy and atomic diffusion.     

Fe合金化对Cu36Zr48Ag8Al8非晶合金的组织和力学性能影响

选择Cu36Zr48Ag8Al8BMG作为基体合金,研究Fe元素合金化对组织和力学性能的影响,分析了相分离非晶结构和纳米晶对合金力学行为的作用机理,并利用维氏硬度计考察了 Fe的掺杂对合金各相的相对硬度、塑性和压痕形貌的影响规律。结果表明,TEM衬度的眀相为富Fe相,暗相为富Cu、Ag相,由于具有不同的模量和硬度的相分离两相结构的存在,非晶合金在外力加载时呈应变硬化,而晶粒尺寸<5 nm的纳米晶起到弥散强化作用,使合金的强度进一步提高。维氏压头作用下使准脆性的非晶合金发生显著的塑性变形,非晶相硬度较高,其维氏压痕的周围形成了少量半圆型剪切带,且在同样的塑性变形量,塑性越好,剪切带的数量较多、间距较小。晶相硬度较低,其压痕周围没有裂纹出现     

内生型(Ti0.474Zr0.34Cu0.06Be0.126)100 - x Fe x (x=0, 2)金属玻璃基复合材料的动态力学行为

为了解内生β-Ti相的Zr/Ti基金属玻璃复合材料的动态力学性能和热力学稳定性,采用力学弛豫谱研究了(Ti_0.474Zr_0.34- Cu_0.06Be_0.126)_100-xFe_x（x=0,2）金属玻璃复合材料。通过引入Fe元素,提高了β-Ti相的稳定性。此外,还发现了一个异常的内耗峰,这是由于在亚稳的β-Ti相中析出ω-Ti所引起的。在玻璃化转变温度T_g以下,由于相变和非晶基体部分结晶的耦合效应,2种金属玻璃复合材料的储能模量均表现出异常过冲行为。所得结果为更好地理解内生亚稳β-Ti型金属玻璃复合材料的复杂动态力学弛豫行为提供了借鉴。     

Yb：KY（WO4）2晶体生长及缺陷分析

采用顶部籽晶提拉法(TSSG)从助溶剂K2W2O7中生长出尺寸为25 mm×21 mm×18 mm的YbKY(WO4)2激光晶体.对原料进行了预烧,有效地抑制了原料的挥发.采用XRD,热重-差热分析(TG-DTA)及红外光谱对样品进行了表征.实验表明所生长的晶体为β-YbKYW.用偏光显微镜对晶体生长条纹、生长丘、生长台阶和包裹物等缺陷进行了观察,认为它们形成的原因是晶体生长工艺不稳定,温度梯度过大,拉速和降温速率过快等.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Ti-6Al-4V Lattice Structures Manufactured via Electron Beam Melting(EBM):A Review

Electron beam melting(EBM) process is an additive manufacturing process largely used to produce complex metallic components made of high-performance materials for aerospace and medical applications.Especially,lattice structures made by Ti-6A1-4V have represented a hot topic for the industrial sectors because of having a great potential to combine lower weights and higher performances that can also be tailored by subsequent heat treatments.However,the little knowledge about the mechanical behaviour of the lattice structures is limiting their applications.The present work aims to provide a comprehensive review of the studies on the mechanical behaviour of the lattice structures made of Ti-6A1-4V.The main steps to produce an EBM part were considered as guidelines to review the literature on the lattice performance:(1) design,(2) process and(3) post-heat treatment.Thereafter,the correlation between the geometrical features of the lattice structure and their mechanical behaviour is discussed.In addition,the correlation among the mechanical performance of the lattice structures and the process precision,surface roughness and working temperature are also reviewed.An investigation on the studies about the properties of heat-treated lattice structure is also conducted.