稀土六方Z型铁氧体Ba3-xLaxCo2Fe24O41的合成及电磁性能与吸波特性

利用柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法合成了掺杂稀土La^3＋的磁铅石型系列Z型铁氧体,确定了稀土六方铁氧体Ba3-xLaxCo2Fe24O41中La^3＋的最大掺杂摩尔分数,并对其电磁特性及吸波特性进行了表征。结果表明：稀土La^3＋的最大掺杂摩尔分数x为0．30,实验发现随着La^3＋的加入,降低了Co2Z铁氧体的磁化强度、矫顽力,改善了材料的磁性;在2．0-10．0GHz的频率范围内,吸波性能随着La^3＋量的增加而提高。     

Er2O3和La2O3含量对掺Er溶胶-凝胶石英玻璃光谱性能的影响研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合高温烧结制备了掺杂不同Er³⁺离子摩尔分数的石英玻璃和0.5%Er₂O₃和不同La³⁺离子摩尔分数共掺杂的石英玻璃。通过1.5μm的荧光光谱发现,Er/Al共掺杂石英玻璃的最佳Er₂O₃掺杂摩尔分数为0.5%。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了Al³⁺、La³⁺和Er³⁺共掺杂石英玻璃的结构,并通过吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析了其光谱特性。结果表明,La₂O₃可以解聚玻璃网络,从而起到网络改性剂的作用。利用Er³⁺掺杂玻璃的吸收光谱计算出了Judd-Ofelt参数,进而预测了La₂O₃含量的影响。随着La³⁺离子掺杂量的增加,样品的荧光强度、荧光寿命和σ_ems×τ_f增加。这些结果表明,La/Al/E...     

水热合成法制备La3+/Ca2+共掺BaTiO3粉体及其介电性能研究

采用传统的水热合成法,将La3+/Ca2+直接掺杂到反应物体系中,制备了La3+/Ca2+共掺钛酸钡(BaTiO3)粉体;XRD晶相分析表明,所制备的粉体晶相结构单一,为四方相钙钛矿型晶体结构;SEM形貌分析表明,适量的La3+/Ca2+掺杂有利于钛酸钡陶瓷的致密化烧结,并且能够改善其介电性能。电学性能分析结果表明,随着La3+与Ca2+质量分数比的增大,其介电常数和绝缘电阻先增大后减小,而介电损耗的变化规律则恰好相反。当La3+与Ca2+质量分数比为2∶1时,其介电常数达到最大值,得到了介电常数为4 900、介质损耗为0.014 8、绝缘电阻为3.0×1012Ω的高介电低损耗粉体。     

La~（3＋）/Ce~（4＋）掺杂对TiO_2光催化活性的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纯的及掺杂稀土的TiO2,重点考察了退火温度对纳米颗粒晶相转变的影响。通过光催化降解实验,探讨了退火温度、退火时间、稀土离子掺杂浓度等因素对TiO2光催化活性的影响。结果表明,TiO2粉末在400℃下为锐钛矿型,具有很高的光催化活性;掺杂的TiO2纳米样品在短时间内降解均较未掺杂TiO2纳米样品的催化活性高;掺La3＋最佳摩尔分数为0.05,掺Ce4＋最佳摩尔分数为0.20,最佳退火温度为400℃,退火时间为9 h。掺La3＋量相对较少时催化活性高,而掺Ce4＋的纳米粉体在相对较高的浓度下可达到完全降解。     

微波法合成掺杂型磷酸亚铁锂

采用微波合成技术合成了磷酸亚铁锂LiFePO4。为了提高LiFePO4的电导率和循环稳定性,分别掺杂了金属镁离子Mg2+、稀土离子La3+和Nd3+。并分别考察了掺杂量、加热时间和功率对合成产品晶型的影响。通过使用X射线检测,分析出产品的纯度,并找出微波加热的合成条件。实验得知Mg2+的最佳掺杂摩尔比为0.02,La3+和Nd3+的最佳掺杂摩尔比为0.05;微波最佳加热时间为9 min,最佳功率为320 W。     

Pr6O11对SrFe12O19磁性能的影响及作用机理

为了探讨稀土氧化物Pr₆O₁₁作为添加剂对M型锶永磁铁氧体磁性能的影响及其作用机理，以添加稀土氧化物Pr₆O₁₁的BMS-4永磁铁氧体预烧料(SrFe₁₂O₁₉)作为原料，经过球磨、沉淀、成型、烧结等工艺制成样品.采用扫描电镜、磁性材料自动测试装置、沉降粒度测试仪、X射线衍射仪等分析测试仪对样品进行了性能检测和物相分析.结果表明：Pr³⁺离子部分取代了Sr²⁺离子，而具有4f²电子组态的Pr³⁺离子提供了3.58μB自旋向上的磁矩，并起到抑制晶粒增长的作用，可明显改善M型锶永磁铁氧体的磁性能.     

稀土离子(Sm~(3+),La~(3+))掺杂纳米TiO_2光催化性能研究

以钛酸四丁酯和稀土氧化物Sm2O3、La2O3为原料,分别制备了掺杂稀土离子Sm3+和La3+的纳米TiO2光催化剂,分别进行了两种离子掺杂纳米材料在甲基橙溶液中的光催化降解实验。通过对制备条件优化,研究了光降解条件对降解效果的影响。结果表明:La3+掺杂纳米TiO2材料的光催化活性要优于Sm3+掺杂纳米TiO2材料.     

Ca1-3x/2Al2Si2O8:xEu3+荧光粉的发光和光温传感特性

为了探究稀土离子掺杂铝硅酸盐的光温特性,本文采用燃烧合成法制备了系列荧光粉材料Ca_1-3x/2Al₂Si₂O₈:xEu³⁺。X射线衍射结果表明掺杂Eu³⁺离子不会改变基质CaAl₂Si₂O₈的晶体结构。荧光光谱结果表明该荧光粉在近紫外光区域具有较强吸收,当被波长为393 nm的近紫外光激发后,其最大特征发射峰为611 nm,且Eu³⁺离子的最佳掺杂浓度为0.05。利用上升时间测温法研究了CaAl₂Si₂O₈:Eu³⁺荧光粉的光温传感特性,结果表明:随着Eu³⁺掺杂浓度的增加,上升时间单调递减,但当掺杂掺杂超过0.100时就会发生淬灭。Ca_0.985Al₂Si₂O₈:0.01Eu³⁺的相对灵敏度随温度的升高先增大后减小,并在520 K时达到最大值（0.024 K^-1）。上述研究表明该荧光粉具备优异的温度传感性能,在测温领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

镧掺杂锰锌铁氧体制备及性能研究

采用溶剂热法合成稀土元素镧掺杂的Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2-xLaxO4(x=0、0.01、0.02、0.03、0.04)粉体,通过XRD、SEM、VSM、IR等多种手段对样品表征。结果表明,当掺杂La3+后,La3+会进入Mn-Zn铁氧体晶格中,面心立方尖晶石相晶格结构逐渐被破坏;La3+掺杂量x=0.04时,产物中开始出现杂相;随着x值不断增大,铁氧体球状形貌被破坏,分散性变差。Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe2-xLaxO4颗粒在室温下表现出亚铁磁性。饱和磁化强度随着La含量的增加而增大,当x=0.03时,饱和磁化强度达到最大值64.9emu·g-1。在50k Hz交变磁场作用下,Mn0.5Zn0.5Fe1.97La0.03O2颗粒温度可升温至64.8℃,表现出较好的磁热性能。     

La2O3、Cr2O3共掺杂的CCTO陶瓷介电性能研究

采用氧化物混合工艺制备了La2O3和Cr2O3共掺杂的CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO)陶瓷材料。通过XRD、介电温度特性等测试手段,研究了掺杂不同浓度的La2O3和Cr2O3对CCTO体系陶瓷介电性能的影响,并对掺杂机理进行了分析.研究结果表明:分别掺杂La2O3和Cr2O3的CCTO陶瓷的介电损耗为～0.2,比纯的CCTO陶瓷样品低,而介电常数仍保持在～104;掺杂0.03at%La2O3和0.08at%Cr2O3的CCTO陶瓷材料的介电常数为4.4×104,介电损耗可降至0.15.因此,通过共掺杂的方法可以在有效降低CCTO陶瓷介质损耗的同时,仍维持高的介电常数.     

Dielectric properties of Pb (Zn1/3 Nb2/3) O3?PbZrO3?PbTiO3 solid solution near morphotropic phase boundary

The dielectric properties of Pb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3) O₃-PbZrO₃−PbTiO₃ (PZN-PZ-PT) system near the rhombohedral/tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) are carefully studied in this paper. It is found that, for all samples, the curves around the temperatures of dielectric permittivity peak show the characteristics of diffuse phase transition. The change in PbZrO₃/PbTiO₃ ratio has much influence on the dielectric properties of the samples. The extent of diffuse phase transition increases with the increasing Zr/Ti ratio. The samples in rhombohedral region have typical diffuse phase transition in the temperature range measured. However, for the samples with tetragonal symmetry, a spontaneous normal ferroelectric-relaxor phase transition exists at temperature lower than that of permittivity peak. This normal ferroelectric-relaxor phase transition is confirmed by the experiment of thermally driven current. The analysis of TEM reveals that the samples in tetragonal region show a 90% macrodomain structure, while the samples in rhombohedral region have the configuration of microdomain structure.     

Bi4MoO9/g-C3N4复合材料的合成及光催化性能研究

通过煅烧法合成g-C₃N₄纳米片并在其表面负载Bi₄MoO₉纳米粒子(NPs),制备了Bi₄MoO₉/g-C₃N₄(BMC)异质结光催化剂. 采用TEM、SEM、DRS、PL等方法对BMC样品进行表征. 以磺胺二甲基嘧啶(SMT)为目标降解物,考察BMC的光催化性能. 结果表明,BMC-50(Bi₄MoO₉质量分数为50.0%)的光催化活性最高. BMC-50投加量为0.5 g·L^-1时,SMT溶液在光照180 min后降解率可达94.0%,是单一Bi₄MoO₉降解能力的17.7倍. 复合材料中Bi₄MoO₉与g-C₃N₄间异质结构的构建降低了电子-空穴对的复合,提高了光催化性能.     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

Antibiotic properties of Al2O3 doping silver

The preparation technique and properties of Ag-type inorganic antibiotic material carried by Al₂O₃ were studied. The results show that the material has good antibiotic and safety properties, the acute toxicity taken by stomata is LD ₅₀>8 000 mg/kg (little and big white rats), and the normal quantity in subacute toxicity test is 80 mg/(kg · d). The better mass fraction of doping Ag₂O in antibiotic material carried by Al₂O₃ is 4%–8%, and the optimal sintering temperature is from 1 000 °C to 1 100 °C. Foundation item: Project (2002AA327090) supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China     

Comparison of room-temperature multiferroics in Bi4Fe2TiO12 film and bulk

It was reported that both dielectricity and magnetism at room temperature were appreciably improved in Bi₄Fe₂TiO₁₂ film compared with Bi₄Fe₂TiO₁₂ bulk. X-ray diffraction profiles reveal similar crystalline nature and random orientation of the two, but X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments indicate that it is 1.4 eV lower binding energy of core-state O1s in the film relative to that of the bulk, so the improvement of multiferroics in the film is attributed to oxygen vacancies and high fraction of interface. The results have promising applications in multifunctional integrated devices.     

Influence of addition of B2O3 on properties of Yb^3＋-doped phosphate laser glass

The three host glasses doped with Yb^3＋ were prepared by means of conventional melt quenching technology, and the influence on physical and spectral properties of phosphate glass due to addition of B2O3 was investigated and compared with silicate glass. The results show that due to the existence of OH^- impurities which induce the non-radiative route, the fluorescence lifetime of phosphate glass is shorter, so silicate glass has better spectral properties than phosphate glass. Silicate glass has more excellent thermal-mechanical properties than phosphate glass, but with the addition of B2O3, thermal-mechanical properties of phosphate glass are improved greatly without fluorescence quenching effect, and this kind of borophosphate glass will be the candidate to be used in high average power solid state laser.     

Fe/Al2O3纳米复合材料的结构和磁性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了复合材料Fe2O3/Al2O3,将其在氢气中还原得到了纳米复合材料Fe/Al2O3。利用X-ray衍射、Mssbauer效应和振动样品磁强计对样品的结构和性质进行了研究,结果表明,Fe2O3含量对样品的还原过程及结构和性质有明显的影响。随Fe2O3含量的增加,还原后样品中α-Fe的晶粒尺寸变大,样品的比饱和磁化强度增加,矫顽力减小。Mssbauer效应结果显示,在一些样品中存在超顺磁现象和FeAl2O4相。     

Al2O3-SiC-SiAlON复合材料的制备和性能

以电熔白刚玉、α-Al2O3微粉、Si粉和矾土基β-SiAlON粉为原料,以树脂为结合剂,制备了复合材料试样.研究了1 500℃烧后试样的物相组成、显微结构以及常温物理性能、高温抗折强度和抗热震性.结果表明:(1)在刚玉中引入适量Si粉高温埋碳条件下可合成Al2O3-SiC-SiAlON复合材料,引入适量β-SiAlON可促进Si反应,且复合材料1 500℃烧结良好;(2)复合材料的高温抗折强度和抗热震性随Si粉加入量增加而提高,加入β-SiAlON后材料的高温机械性能进一步提高;(3)材料高温机械性能提高的原因在于Si粉在高温下与C、CO和N2反应生成晶须状或纤维状SiC和絮状O’-SiAlON填充气孔,形成交叉连锁的网络结构,对材料起增强和增韧作用.     

Coating of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 cathode materials with alumina by solid state reaction at room temperature

Alumina coated LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles were obtained by a simple method of solid state reaction at room temperature. The reaction mechanism of solid state reaction at room temperature was investigated. The structure and morphology of the coating materials were investigated by XRD, SEM and TEM. The electrochemical performances of uncoated and Al2O3-coated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials were studied within a voltage window of 3.00-4.35 V at current density of 30 mA/g. SEM, TEM and EDS analytical results indicate that the surface of LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 particles is coated with very fine Al2O3 composite, which leads to the improved cycle ability though a slight decrease in the first discharge capacity is observed. It is proposed that surface treatment by solid state reaction at room temperature is a simple and effective method to improve the cycle performance of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 particles.