水稻基因组MSAP指纹图谱构建及DNA甲基化修饰位点分离与鉴定

采用EcoR I和Hpa II/Msp I双酶切建立了适合于水稻基因组的甲基化敏感扩增多态性(MSAP)分析体系,在全基因组水平检测了水稻DNA甲基化修饰位点.以12对MSAP引物进行选择性扩增,共检测到甲基化修饰位点120个,"CCGG/GGCC"位点甲基化修饰比例为20.17%.对部分水稻基因组甲基化修饰位点进行回收,最终分离了55条存在甲基化位点变异的DNA序列,通过BLAST比对分析将其联配到水稻基因组序列上.分析表明,这些甲基化修饰位点主要集中于基因启动子区(47%)和第一外显子区(22%),在其侧翼序列中存在类似"CpG island" 典型序列特征的"CpG"二核苷酸成簇富集区.在此基础上,对应用MSAP技术分离水稻基因组DNA甲基化修饰位点的有效性以及水稻基因组序列中"CpG island"类似序列分布特征和生物意义进行了讨论.     

Nonfunctionalized nanocrystals can exploit a cell's active transport machinery delivering them to specific nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments

We use high content cell analysis, live cell fluorescent imaging, and transmission electron microscopy approaches combined with inhibitors of cellular transport and nuclear import to conduct a systematic study of the mechanism of interaction of nonfunctionalized quantum dots (QDs) with live human blood monocyte-derived primary macrophages and cell lines of phagocytic, epithelial, and endothelial nature. Live human macrophages are shown to be able to rapidly uptake and accumulate QDs in distinct cellular compartment specifically to QDs size and charge. We show that the smallest QDs specifically target histones in cell nuclei and nucleoli by a multistep process involving endocytosis, active cytoplasmic transport, and entering the nucleus via nuclear pore complexes. Treatment of the cells with an anti-microtubule agent nocodazole precludes QDs cytoplasmic transport whereas a nuclear import inhibitor thapsigargin blocks QD import into the nucleus. These results demonstrate that the nonfunctionalized QDs exploit the cell's active transport machineries for delivery to specific intranuclear destinations.     

Separation from a smooth surface in a slender conical flow

Summary High Reynolds number flow of an incompressible fluid past a smooth surface in a slender conical flow is considered. Attention is focused upon the flow properties in the neighbourhood of the separation line. The analysis incorporates the results of a recent inviscid-flow investigation by Smith [1], and the ideas of Sychev [2] for flow separation in two dimensions.     

Separation of a smooth circular inclusion from a matrix

The paper treats the separation of a smooth circular inclusion from a matrix, as the latter is deformed uniformly. Using finite integral transforms, the problem of finding the extent of separation and the contact pressure is reduced to the solution of a Fredholm integral equation with a weakly singular kernel. The singular part of the kernel can be removed and the equation made suitable for an effective numerical solution. Explicit results are given for general combinations of materials and several cases of loading.     

Separation of the informative component from a chaotic signal of a time-delay system

A new method is proposed for determining the parameters of time-delay systems using the observable time series. With this method, it is possible to reveal communications in the case of data transmission based on the nonlinear mixing of the informative signal and a chaotic signal of the time-delay system.     

栉孔扇贝C型凝集素基因的克隆与表达研究

C型凝集素作为凝集素家族中的主要成员之一,在识别外来微生物表面碳水化合物基团和激活体液中免疫因子等方面具有重要作用。本研究在EST分析的基础上采用锚定PCR方法克隆得到了该基因的全长cDNA。克隆得到的栉孔扇贝C型凝集素cDNA全长1038bp,编码区684bp,可以编码228个氨基酸。在该编码的氨基酸序列中发现了C型凝集素家族的特征模体和一个C型凝集素的结构域(C-type leetin domain,CTLD)。通过Clustalw和SMART分析在该序列中发现了形成二硫键的4个保守的半胱氨酸,与其他物种C型凝集素的二硫键结构非常相似。结合BLAST分析的结果,可以确认所获得的cDNA序列是栉孔扇贝C型凝集素的编码序列。用RT-PCR技术在鳗弧菌感染前后的血细胞中均可以检测到该基因的表达,但病原刺激前的表达水平相对较低,病原刺激后4h起表达开始升高,并在6h达到最高,随后逐渐开始下降,并于32h恢复到原来水平,该结果表明C型凝集素存在组成型和诱导型两种调控机制,在扇贝防御病原感染的过程中发挥重要作用。     

Reconstruction of nuclear charged fragment trajectories from a large-gap sweeper magnet

A new method to reconstruct charged fragment four-momentum vectors from measured trajectories behind an open, large gap, magnetic dispersion element (a sweeper magnet) has been developed. In addition to the position and angle behind the magnet it includes the position measurement in the dispersive direction at the target. The method improves the energy and angle resolution of the reconstruction significantly for experiments with fast rare isotopes, where the beam size at the target position is large.     

Organ and effective doses from verification techniques in image-guided radiotherapy

The purpose of this work was an evaluation of organ doses and effective doses from three verification techniques in Image-Guided Radiotherapy: from kilovoltage (kV) cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, from two orthogonal kV images and from two orthogonal megavoltage (MV) images for two different treatment sites: pelvis and head and neck (H&N). For comparison reasons, organ doses and effective doses from prostate and H&N radiotherapy were also evaluated. Measurements of organ doses were performed in a male anthropomorphic Rando phantom by means of thermoluminescent dosemeters. In this investigation, measured organ doses from one CBCT scan, from two MV images and from two kV images of pelvis represent typically 1-6, 1-10 and 0.05-1 %, respectively, of organ doses resulting from one fraction of prostate radiotherapy. The maximum effective doses from CBCT scans, kV images and MV images of pelvis are 5.6, 0.8 and 11.9 mSv, respectively.