威卢克斯(中国)有限公司办公楼,河北,中国

<正>威卢克斯新办公楼是中国第一栋在主动房理念指导下建成的办公建筑,是一座简约造型的斯堪的纳维亚风格的办公建筑。建筑主体采用混凝土结构,立面使用彩钢板作为建筑立面的饰面材料。建筑立面设计是低能耗建筑物的关键,这需要"智能"的立面设计和门窗布局,从而在冬季主动得热、夏季隔热遮阳、日光捕获和自然通风之间找到制衡点。建筑师遵循了上述设计原则,致力于打造一座以中庭为中心的紧凑式建筑物。紧凑式建筑物在施工和能耗上拥有很大优势。与绝大多数传统办     

连州摄影博物馆,连州,中国

正连州摄影博物馆由新旧两幢建筑相互咬合构成。新建筑立面和屋面的折线形态充分尊重连州老城的城市肌理,传统"连州大屋"意象象征老城区的复兴。新屋面的3个连续的坡面作为博物馆核心空间一系列展厅的覆盖和延展,展览和公共活动都发生在同一屋檐下,同时为建筑内部空间创造了丰富的垂直变化,并与保留的三层平顶旧建筑形成对比。屋面连续地延展至建筑立面伸向老街,立面以内的小广场完全地向公众开放,内部空间转化成城     

敦刻尔克人造奶油工厂,法国

工厂占地7.8公顷,建筑面积为5021平方米,体积27800立方米,每平方米造价4000法国法郎,总造价20480000法郎,1984年元月动工,同年9月建成并投产。厂房按功能划分为储藏区、空调区和生产区。储藏区:混凝土方砖地面;型材金属框架及桁架;立面为聚氨酯     

Tamedia新办公楼,苏黎世,瑞士

<正>瑞士媒体公司Tamedia的总部项目位于苏黎世市中心。项目在一个大型街区内,占地1000m~2。集团现在的主要建筑都在这里。地段朝向街区的东部,其独特的优势在于可以朝锡尔运河形成近50m的长立面。新建筑将大体沿用原建筑拆除后的基底,同时与附近的建筑形成连续的立面,并充分利用允许的最大建筑高度,在大楼的这一侧将办公面积最大化。大楼的主入口位于韦尔德街与施陶法赫尔港大街的北角,也将成为整个建筑群的主入口。     

埃森蒂森克虏伯楼,埃森,德国

<正>校园内的所有建筑的立面都是按照"外壳与内核"的原则进行设计的,表现为两种立面类型:"外壳"界定了建筑体量朝向外部和开放空间的立面,而"内核"则是内院与中庭空间。这些设计旨在强调建筑之间的聚合感及同质性,强调超越建筑体量,可共享且形式化的建筑语言。"外壳"由穿插在柱、梁或基本建筑结构中的通体合金玻璃幕墙组成,幕墙具有热效应。合金外壳以不同间距安置在立面之外作为遮阳系统,这些系统因不同建筑而各异。为呈现统一的建筑风格,所有建筑外部都包覆着"不锈钢",且以垂直结构为主。因此楼层水平方向的线条得以融入背景,且使每个建筑的整体高度看起来均匀一致。     

斯迈斯特回收中心,奥斯陆,挪威

<正>斯迈斯特回收中心为人们呈现出一种新的建筑原型。这是一幢将所有废品处理作业都置于室内的公共服务设施。回收中心是一个外观粗犷、无人工环境调节系统的大厅,其内部分为两部分:一个是公共空间,另一个用于回收作业。在建筑的一端,有一座与之相连的管理和基础设施用房,其中包含危险垃圾处理区、员工更衣室、咖啡厅、办公室和设备用房。锯齿型的屋顶给建筑的巨大体量做了有节奏感的划分。回收大厅的侧立面和后立面大部分被实墙封闭起来。面对环路的主立面是开放的,它由挂接在木胶合板柱之间的多孔金属板构成。建筑使用中的物流设计是设计评估中的一个重     

关于沿街建筑立面改造设计的思考——以徐州市中山路沿街建筑立面改造设计为例

以徐州市中山路沿街建筑立面改造设计为例,针对沿街建筑立面改造中发现的问题,进行了有益的思考,并提出了相关的改造设计原则与方法,对进一步研究城市街道建筑立面改造设计提供了一定启示和借鉴。     

建筑立面绿化技术浅析

建筑立面绿化作为城市垂直绿化的主要类型,不但具有生态学方面的意义,还具有改善立面景观、丰富建筑形态的功效。本文将建筑立面绿化技术分为地面种植、人工地盘水平种植和人工地盘垂直种植三类,并分别加以论述,以期加强大众对建筑立面绿化的整体认识。     

城市街道景观整治中沿街建筑立面改造的设计方法研究

以合肥市长江中路沿街建筑立面改造设计为例,针对沿街建筑立面改造中发现的问题,运用街道美学等理论进行有益的思考,并提出了相关的改造设计原则与方法,对进一步研究城市街道建筑立面改造设计提供了一定的启示和借鉴。     

克龙贝格某办公楼,德国

该建筑群以其平面和立面的严整设计显示了宫殿式建筑的性格。在整个矩形构图中,有一条横贯的体量,把建筑群分成了两个开敞的内院。建筑立面构图以强有力的天然石材为基座,主体是竖向的、节奏感很强的办公部分,顶部以镂空的金属构架和退后的楼层收尾。建筑中心主入口是重点设计的部位,它带有一个悬挑的雨篷;此外,建筑的转角也是经过重点设计的。 与整个设计思路一样,建筑室内也体现了明确的秩序。建筑内部被划分成多个可出租的深５．２ｍ高３ｍ的空间。办公空间与景观组合的丰富变化与创新性设计为使用意提供了多种选择。架空的楼面…     

Levels of antimony,arsenic, cadmium,copper, lead,mercury, selenium,silver, tin and zinc in bone tissue of industrially exposed workers

The contents of the elements antimony, arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, silver, tin and zinc in bone tissue from autopsy specimens of the femur of workers who had been exposed to a large number of metals in a smeltery and refinery in Northern Sweden as well as of a control group have been quantitatively assayed.The analytical techniques used were atomic absorption spectrophotometry, neutron activation analysis and particle induced X-ray emission analysis (PIXE) in a proton microprobe. Increased levels of lead in the bone tissue of exposed workers compared to a non-exposed control group were observed. The median level of lead in the group of exposed workers exceeded the corresponding value of the control group about 5 times.Using the proton microprobe in the PIXE-mode, concentration profiles of copper, lead and zinc were examined within the Haversian system of the bone samples.     

高黎贡手工造纸博物馆，云南，中国

纸张产生于迄今2000多年前,是中国古代四大发明之一。顾名思义,手工造纸博物馆展现了造纸的历史与过程,辅以现场演示和手工作坊的阐释手段。它展示、保存和开发当地的造纸艺术,并推动该领域的学术研究和文化交流。为了实现这些目标,博物馆为来访者提供了住宿和艺术家的住宅,并设计了一间茶室作为当地人的聚会活动场所。它可以视作中国近期发展小规模专业博物馆趋势的一部分。这些专业博物馆致力于记录和宣传中国的地区历史与文化。     

纳高尔堡修缮，纳高尔，拉贾斯坦，印度

拉贾斯坦邦中部的古城纳高尔是印度北部的穆斯林势力（12—16世纪）的第一批据点之一。纳高尔位于一条重要的马帮路线上,这里也是苏菲派重要的修行和朝圣中心。纳高尔堡坐落在一座小山上。     

Determination of Co,Cu, Fe,Hg, Mn,Sb, Se and Zn in milk samples

Concentrations of Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Sb, Se and Zn in IAEA milk (dry) standard A-11 were re-evaluated with the help of instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis (NAA). The results show reasonably good agreement for Co (5.1 ± 0.55 ng/g) and Zn (34 ± 2.5 μg/g), in relation to the recommended values. For Cu (374 ± 15 ng/g), Fe (2.4 ± 0.34 μg/g) and Mn (250 ± 20 ng/g); the results obtained are lower than the reported values.Cu, Mn, and Zn were cross-checked by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results, Cu = 331 ± 27 ng/g, Mn = 302 ± 62 ng/g, and Zn = 35 ± 1 μg/g, fall within the range of mean values obtained by NAA.For Hg and Se, using instrumental NAA, only upper limits could be indicated; because of the low levels of concentrations of Hg and Se on one hand, and high content of P (9100 μg/g) in A-11 milk standard on the other, NAA coupled with radiochemistry is to be preferred for these two elements.In pooled human milk, in addition to Cu and Mn (radiochemical) and Co, Fe, Sb and Zn (instrumental), Hg and Se could also be determined non-destructively because of the favourable Hg/P and Se/P ratios in this matrix.     

Archi-Union Architects,City of Breeze,Shenzhen Bay,Shenzhen, China

What happens when ancient cultural practices are combined with the most current design technologies? Archi-Union Architects used the opportunity of their entry to the 2014 Shenzhen Bay ‘Super City’ International Competition to develop a bespoke generational method that integrated feng shui with advanced environmental simulation techniques. Philip F Yuan, the founder and director of Archi-Union Architects, who is Associate Professor in Architecture at Tongji University, Shanghai, here describes the City of Breeze project and the design methodology behind it.     

长生殿昆曲舞台,上海,中国

<正>戴志康邀请著名昆曲演员张军先生在会所表演昆曲经典戏目——长生殿。建筑师通过仔细研究会所,决定利用开放的下沉庭院,并尽量不改动现状来建设小剧院。他将中国古代在庭院临时分割空间的屏风这个概念,转换可以展现灯光图像的屏幕把整个庭院精致地隔离成一个抽象、纯粹、白色的场所。以最现代的形象表     

威斯特道斯传播学院,奥斯陆,挪威

<正>该建筑位于奥斯陆的一个老工业区"Vulkan"中,该区域毗邻风景如画的阿克斯河和库巴时尚公共空间。设计的构思源于一个"格格相扣"的想法,建筑的体量比地基的轮廓范围小,设计师在沿着建筑地面层的外沿设计了一条玻璃光带,从而创造出一个富于变化的地下空间。白天,地下空间汲取着日光的能量,夜晚,光线又会由此透射出来,就仿佛在建筑自己的空间内创造了一个"自发光体"。     

大不里士集市复兴，大不里士，伊朗

大不里士集市于1975年正式得到保护并在特殊监管下运营。2010年,它被收录到世界遗产名录中。集市占地27hm^2,长度超过5．5km.到了20世纪后期,其中的砖房由于年久失修开始摇摇欲坠,为此人们建立起了由“集市”社区、市政府和文化遗产手工业及旅游组织（ICHTO）一起参加的管理框架。试点的修复项目首先获得了店主们的支持,也让后续的整体修复项目能达到保护和振兴集市这一宝贵遗产的目的。在试点项目中,政府出资85％,“集市商户”仅出资修复成本的15％,但目前集市社区已经负担了修缮基金中90％的费用。     

Pollution of montane soil with Cu, Zn, As, Sb, Pb, and nitrate in Kanto, Japan

Soil cores and rainwater were sampled under canopies of Cryptomeria japonica in four montane areas along an atmospheric depositional gradient in Kanto, Japan. Soil cores (30 cm in depth) were divided into 2-cm or 4-cm segments for analysis. Vertical distributions of elemental enrichment ratios in soils were calculated as follows: (X/Al)_i/(X/Al)_BG (where the numerator and denominator are concentration ratios of element-X and Al in the i- and bottom segments of soil cores, respectively). The upper 14-cm soil layer showed higher levels of Cu, Zn, As, Sb, and Pb than the lower (14-30 cm) soil layer. In the four areas, the average enrichment ratios in the upper 6-cm soil layer were as follows: Pb (4.93) ≥ Sb (4.06) ≥ As (3.04) > Zn (1.71) ≥ Cu (1.56). Exogenous elements (kg/ha) accumulated in the upper 14-cm soil layer were as follows: Zn (26.0) > Pb (12.4) > Cu (4.48) ≥ As (3.43) ≥ Sb (0.49). These rank orders were consistent with those of elements in anthropogenic aerosols and polluted (roadside) air, respectively, indicating that air pollutants probably caused enrichment of these elements in the soil surface layer. Approximately half of the total concentrations of As, Sb, and Pb in the upper 14-cm soil layer were derived from exogenous (anthropogenic) sources. Sb showed the highest enrichment factor in anthropogenic aerosols, and shows similar deposition behavior to NO₃⁻, which is a typical acidic air pollutant. There was a strong correlation between Sb and NO₃⁻ concentrations in rainfall (e.g., in the throughfall under C. japonica: [NO₃⁻] = 21.1 [dissolved Sb], r = 0.938, p < 0.0001, n = 182). Using this correlation, total (cumulative) inputs of NO₃⁻ were estimated from the accumulated amounts of exogenous Sb in soils, i.e., 16.7 t/ha at Mt. Kinsyo (most polluted), 8.6 t/ha at Mt. Tsukuba (moderately polluted), and 5.8 t/ha at the Taga mountain system (least polluted). There are no visible ecological effects of these accumulated elements in the Kanto region at present. However, the concentrations of some elements are within a harmful range, according to the Ecological Soil Screening Levels determined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.