The Concept of Colourfulness and its Use for Deriving Grids for Assessing Colour Appearance

A technique of subjective magnitude estimation has been used to assess a set of pseudosurface colours, each having a luminance factor of 0.2. Three adaptation conditions corresponding to daylights D₆₅ and D₅₀ and tungsten light S_A were used. The experimental technique and data analysis represent an improvement on that previously reported. The concept of colourfulness, as opposed to chroma or saturation, has been introduced with considerable success. The loci of constant hue and colourfulness were derived in u',v' chromaticity space and the results compared with predictions obtained using the Bartleson adaptation equations.     

Measures of Colour Appearance in Colour Reproduction†

The difference in perceived colour caused by placing a colour filter over only a small part of, or over the whole picture area of, a projected slide is used to illustrate the types of measure that are appropriate for evaluating colour appearance in pictures. Psychophysical measures are of limited use, psychometric measures are of more help, but psychoquantitative measures, based on subjective scaling and elaborated on to take account of the effects of absolute luminance levels, are found to be the most appropriate.     

Colour Yield and Appearance of Cellulosic Fibres Dyed with Reactive Dyes

The factors affecting the colour yield and appearance of cellulosic fibres dyed with reactive dyes have been investigated. Colour yields obtained with trichloropyrimidyl and fluorochloropyrimidyl dyes are compared. Using Danckwerts' equation, the parameter – depth of penetration of reactive dyes – is defined. The appearance of cellulosic substrates dyed with reactive dyes is quantified in terms of the diffusion and reaction properties of the dyes.     

The Specification of Colour Appearance. I. Concepts and Terms

Concepts necessary for the specification of the appearance of colours are described, and the corresponding colour terms collected. Psychometric and psychoquantitative terms are listed that correlate with the perceptual and psychophysical terms used. The perceptual term colourfulness is proposed to denote the attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to exhibit more or less chromatic colour; for a given chromaticity, as the luminance increases, colourfulness generally increases. For related colours, the CIE 1976 Colour Spaces are used to systematize some psychometric variables that are independent of absolute luminance level, including metric saturation, metric purity, and metric chroma, and formulae are given for calculating their amounts. (In Part II, to appear in the next issue, the effects of changes in viewing conditions will be discussed).     

The Specification of Colour Appearance. II. Effects of Changes in Viewing Conditions

The effects on colour appearance of changes in surround, illuminant colour, absolute luminance level, and field size are considered. Methods are discussed whereby existing formulae can be used or modified, and new formulae devised, to obtain measures that correlate with the colour attributes involved. Examples of the application of such formulae to practical problems in illuminating engineering and in television are considered briefly. (In Part I the basic concepts and terms necessary for the specification of colour were considered.)     

The structure of the CIE 1997 Colour Appearance Model (CIECAM97s)

The components comprising the CIE 1997 Colour Appearance Model, CIECAM97s, are described, and the steps needed to implement it in both forward and reverse modes are listed. A worked example is also given. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 23, 138–146, 1998     

Illuminants for Colour Matching

CIE Illuminant C, although primarily established for colorimetry, was adopted as the basis for colour-matching lamps in both the U.K. (1941) and the U.S.A. (1937). In the U.S.A. it was soon replaced because its colour temperature was too low (6740°K), the replacement eventually being a source having the Abbot-Gibson 7400°K curve. In the U.K. the recent British Standard for colour-matching lamps (BS 950:1967) is based on D 6500, a curve destined to replace Illuminant C as the CIE colorimetric standard for daylight. The requirements of BS 950:1967 have been met by a single source, a fluorescent tube, the cheapness and ease of installation of which permit it to be extremely widely used for colour appraisal as well as for colour matching.     

Colour study for a lunar base

This colour design approach was conceived for a first generation lunar base for a multiculture crew planned by the Space Architecture Design Group of the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, under the direction of Prof. Dr. Gary T. Moore. Within the limits of the necessary standardization, it attempts a flexible use of colour, a multi-stimulus material able to affect the impact of man's new anticipated environment on all three levels of perception, the physical, psychological, and metaphysical. This effect is directed not only toward comfort and productivity, but also toward pleasurability through a sense of belonging. The contribution of colour to space identification and personalization is beyond challenge, more so considering its flexibility. Above all, this approach lays emphasis on the structural, semiotic, and symbolic aspects of colour establishing throughout a constant shift from one to another. Through the creation of interrelated colour schemes and configurations endlessly integrating into bigger ones (detail, subdominant, dominant surfaces and uses) it tries to teach continuous evolvability and regeneration within the individual and the entity in view of two major goals: that men do not forget the glorious multicoloured scheme of life on earth, and that they live up to an overall honesty, environmental sensitivity, and cosmic concordance. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

高档卫生陶瓷色釉的研制

目前我国建筑卫生陶瓷产品存在品种单一、花色不全、档次较低等问题。通过高档卫生陶瓷系列颜色釉的研究为提高产品档次、增加花色品种打下基础。玛瑙红、黑色、孔雀蓝、宝石蓝是卫生瓷釉中比较名贵的颜色,属深色系列,其产品如果搭配合理,倍显雍容华贵。我们在骨色、杏色颜色釉研究成功的基础上进行这四种颜色釉的研究。1釉用原料的选择1.1石英本项目选用中牟石佛产的石英,SiO2含量大于99%,Fe2O3含量小于0.03%,粒度为100～200目,煅烧后白度高。1.2 长石选用河北邯郸陶瓷石粉厂的钾长石,广州三奇石矿有限公司的308A钠长石,化学成分见表1,粒…     

Colour terminology

Some of the revisions to the CIE International Lighting Vocabulary suggested by the CIE Colorimetry Committee are discussed, with particular reference to the introduction of a set of psychometric terms and formulae, and their relationships to psychophysical and perceptual terms.