A novel fractional wavelet transform and its applications

The wavelet transform (WT) and the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) are powerful tools for many applications in the field of signal processing.However,the signal analysis capability of the former is limited in the time-frequency plane.Although the latter has overcome such limitation and can provide signal representations in the fractional domain,it fails in obtaining local structures of the signal.In this paper,a novel fractional wavelet transform (FRWT) is proposed in order to rectify the limitations of the WT and the FRFT.The proposed transform not only inherits the advantages of multiresolution analysis of the WT,but also has the capability of signal representations in the fractional domain which is similar to the FRFT.Compared with the existing FRWT,the novel FRWT can offer signal representations in the time-fractional-frequency plane.Besides,it has explicit physical interpretation,low computational complexity and usefulness for practical applications.The validity of the theoretical derivations is demonstrated via simulations.     

一种新型分数阶小波变换及其应用

小波变换和分数Fourier变换是应用非常广泛的信号处理工具.但是,小波变换仅局限于时频域分析信号;分数Fourier变换虽突破了时频域局限能够在分数域分析信号,却无法表征信号局部特征.为此,提出了一种新型分数阶小波变换,该变换不但继承了小波变换多分辨分析的优点,而且具有分数Fourier变换分数域表征功能.与现有分数阶小波变换相比,新型分数阶小波变换可以实现对信号在时间-分数频域的多分辨分析.此外,该变换具有物理意义明确和计算复杂度低的优点,更有利于满足实际应用需求.最后,通过仿真实验验证了所提理论的有效性.     

Research progress of the fractional Fourier transform in signal processing

While solving a heat conduction problem in 1807, a French scientist Jean Baptiste Jo-seph Fourier, suggested the usage of the Fourier theorem. Thereafter, the Fourier trans-form (FT) has been applied widely in many scientific disciplines, and has played i…     

改进的Morlet小波及其变换

提出了一个改进的Morlet小波,并在此基础上给出了Morlet小波变换的完全重构公式,这个重构公式不需要Morlet小波满足小波容许条件,使得Morlet小波变换在理论上趋于完善。改进后的Morlet小波其尺度参数替换为小波主频参数,参数有明确的物理意义,用它作为核函数的小波变换把时间信号映射到时间-频率域。重构公式的提出可拓宽Morlet小波的应用范围,引进了一个由Morlet小波变换及其逆变换构建的时-频滤波器并将其用于地震信号处理以提高其分辨率。从理论上分析了Morlet小波变换与S变换的区别,并用实际算例验证了分析结果。     

The multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform

The fractional Fourier transform （FRFT） has multiplicity, which is intrinsic in fractional operator. A new source for the multiplicity of the weight-type fractional Fourier transform （WFRFT） is proposed, which can generalize the weight coefficients of WFRFT to contain two vector parameters m,n ∈ Z^M . Therefore a generalized fractional Fourier transform can be defined, which is denoted by the multiple-parameter fractional Fourier transform （MPFRFT）. It enlarges the multiplicity of the FRFT, which not only includes the conventional FRFT and general multi-fractional Fourier transform as special cases, but also introduces new fractional Fourier transforms. It provides a unified framework for the FRFT, and the method is also available for fractionalizing other linear operators. In addition, numerical simulations of the MPFRFT on the Hermite-Gaussian and rectangular functions have been performed as a simple application of MPFRFT to signal processing.     

Research progress on discretization of fractional Fourier transform

As the fractional Fourier transform has attracted a considerable amount of attention in the area of optics and signal processing, the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform becomes vital for the application of the fractional Fourier transform. Since the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform cannot be obtained by directly sampling in time domain and the fractional Fourier domain, the discretization of the fractional Fourier transform has been investigated recently. A summary of discretizations of the fractional Fourier transform developed in the last nearly two decades is presented in this paper. The discretizations include sampling in the fractional Fourier domain, discrete-time fractional Fourier transform, fractional Fourier series, discrete fractional Fourier transform （including 3 main types： linear combination-type; sampling-type; and eigen decomposition-type）, and other discrete fractional signal transform. It is hoped to offer a doorstep for the readers who are interested in the fractional Fourier transform.     

Digital computation of the weighted-type fractional Fourier transform

The paper reveals the time-frequency symmetric property of the weighted-type fractional Fourier transform (WFRFT) by investigating the original definition of the WFRFT, and proposes a discrete algorithm of the WFRFT based on the weighted discrete Fourier transform (WDFT) algorithm with constraint conditions of the definition of the WFRFT and time-domain sampling. When the WDFT is considered in digital computation of the WFRFT, the Fourier transform in the definition of the WFRFT should be defined in frequency (Hz) but not angular frequency (rad/s). The sampling period Δt and sampling duration T should satisfy Δt = T/N = 1/N(1/2) when N-point DFT is utilized. Since Hermite-Gaussian functions are the best known eigenfunctions of the fractional Fourier transform (FRFT), digital computation based on eigendecomposition is also carried out as the additional verification and validation for the WFRFT calculation.     

基于小波变换多分辨率特性的语音消噪方法的研究

小波分析是一种信号的时间——尺度分析方法,特别适合于非平稳信号的分析,具有多分辨率分析的特性,而且在时频两域都具有表征信号局部特征的能力。通过分析语音信号的特性,利用小波变换的多分辨率分析特性,提出了首先对信号进行清浊音判断,其次运用多尺度多闽值方法来抑制包含有噪声的语音信号在不同尺度上的噪声小波系数,从而实现在重构语音信号中消噪的目的,并通过计算机仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

The fractional Fourier transform: theory, implementation and error analysis

The fractional Fourier transform is a time–frequency distribution and an extension of the classical Fourier transform. There are several known applications of the fractional Fourier transform in the areas of signal processing, especially in signal restoration and noise removal. This paper provides an introduction to the fractional Fourier transform and its applications. These applications demand the implementation of the discrete fractional Fourier transform on a digital signal processor (DSP). The details of the implementation of the discrete fractional Fourier transform on ADSP-2192 are provided. The effect of finite register length on implementation of discrete fractional Fourier transform matrix is discussed in some detail. This is followed by the details of the implementation and a theoretical model for the fixed-point errors involved in the implementation of this algorithm. It is hoped that this implementation and fixed-point error analysis will lead to a better understanding of the issues involved in finite register length implementation of the discrete fractional Fourier transform and will help the signal processing community make better use of the transform.     

DMD全息系统重构灰度级分数傅立叶全息图

论文提出一种基于DMD投影系统的全息重构系统,用VC++实现分数傅立叶变换全息图生成平台并生成灰度全息图,由DMD全息系统实现灰度级分数傅立叶变换全息图重构,验证了DMD全息系统的可行性。此系统可为动态全息显示提供硬件基础。     

应用分数阶傅里叶变换的形状描述方法研究

傅里叶描述子是一种经典的形状描述方法。作为傅里叶变换的推广形式,分数阶傅里叶变换在数字信号处理工程领域已有相当广泛的应用,但在形状分析领域还很少有研究工作的报道。首次研究了基于分数阶傅里叶变换的形状描述方法,比较了不同阶数下的分数阶傅里叶描述子在图像检索中的性能。通过在MPEG-7的标准图像测试集的图像检索实验,得出：阶数ρ为0.1时,分数阶傅里叶描述子的检索效果最差,随ρ=0.1的增长,检索性能总体呈上升趋势,当ρ=0.5变化到1.0时,检索性能最高。同时,与Zernike矩进行比较：当阶数为0.1时,分数阶傅里叶描述子的检索性能较差;而阶数为0.5、1.0时分数阶傅里叶描述子的检索性能均较好。     

基于小波变换的多分辨率分布式滤波

小波变换的多尺度特点非常适合多尺度信号的处理,可以用于多分辨率多传感器滤波.通过研究快速提升法小波变换的特性,提出一种可将估计误差方差最小化的动态分辨率分布式滤波算法,算法不需要把小波系数当成白噪声处理,并且能够有效地降低向量和矩阵维数,减少运算,有较好的滤波性能.同时在不同的分辨率级中,利用快速提升法小波变换作为一种连接信号的桥梁.这种算法也可用于动态多分辨率多传感器数据融合.     

A lifting undecimated wavelet transform and its applications

In order to get a characterized wavelet with expected properties, a new wavelet is constructed by using the lifting scheme (LS). Taking the low-pass filter of cubic B-splines wavelet transform as an initial filter, and designing a lifting operator based on interpolating subdivision method, new wavelet is obtained through one lifting step. The wavelet inherits the property of low-pass filtering that the initial filter possessed, and also has ability to extract transient impulse from analyzed signal. By making an equivalent interchange manipulation to the LS framework, and removing decimators, a LS algorithm for undecimated wavelet transform (UWT) is proposed. Two engineering applications are reported in the paper, and the results show that the UWT can provide much more diagnostics information than the classical wavelet transform.     

基于小波变换和曲波变换的图像边缘检测新算法

针对图像处理中的边缘检测问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和曲波变换的图像边缘检测新算法。首先对原始图像进行小波变换得到小波边缘图像;然后对原始图像进行曲波变换并使用Canny算子得到曲波边缘图像;最后基于小波变换的窗口内边缘强度自适应融合算法将小波边缘图像和曲波边缘图像进行融合得到最终边缘图像。该方法结合了小波变换描述图像细节特征的优势和曲波变换处理曲线或直线边缘特征的优势,能全面刻画边缘图像的纹理与细节信息,提高了图像清晰度。仿真实例表明了该算法的有效性。     

基于小波变换Mallat算法的电网谐波检测方法

针对传统的傅里叶变换方法在分析非平稳运行电网的电量信号时误差较大的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换Mallat算法的电网谐波检测方法。该方法根据不同的分辨率将电量信号分解到不同的子频段,然后分别对子频段进行多次重构,得到原始信号的基波,最后将采样得到的原始信号与重构的基波信号相减,得到谐波信号。Matlab仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效地将电量信号中的基波与谐波成分分离,谐波检测精确度较高。     

基于分数阶Fourier变换的数字图像加密算法研究*

基于分数阶Fourier变换和混沌,提出了一种数字图像加密方法。具体算法为：先对图像进行混沌置乱,再进行X方向的离散分数阶Fourier变换;然后在分数阶Fourier域内作混沌置乱,再进行Y方向的离散分数阶Fourier变换;最后将加密图像的实部与虚部映射到RGB,形成可传输的彩色加密图像。实验结果表明,该加密算法具有很好的安全性,在信息安全领域有较好的应用前景和研究价值。     

MIMO-OFDM system based on fractional Fourier transform and selecting algorithm for optimal order

In the rapidly time-varying channel environment, the performance of traditional MIMO-OFDM system is deteriorated due to the intercarrier interference. In this paper, a novel MIMO-OFDM system is proposed, in which the modulation and de- modulation of the symbols are implemented by the fractional Fourier transform instead of traditional Fourier transform. Through selecting the optimal order of the fractional Fourier transform, the modulated signals can match the time-varying channel characteristics, which results in a mitigation of the intercarrier interference. Furthermore, an algorithm is presented for selecting the optimal order of fractional Fourier transform, and the impact of system parameters on the optimal order is analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed system can concentrate the power of desired signal effectively and improve the performance over rapidly time-varying channels with respect to the traditional MIMO-OFDM system.     

分数阶Fourier变换在多分量信号谱图分析中的应用

作为时频分析方法的一种,谱图对多分量信号分析时受交叉项影响,特别是当信号相隔很近时尤为严重,而且频率分辨率会受影响。给出了结合分数阶Fourier变换（FrFT）对多分量信号进行谱图分析的方法。首先利用分数阶二阶矩极值点而找到相应的最优旋转阶数,对所给多分量信号按此阶数做分数阶Fourier变换,再在此基础上做谱图分析。仿真实例表明,该方法对初始频率、调频率很接近的多分量的chirp信号能有效识别,交叉项可得到较好的抑制。     

地震信号小波变换的去噪方法

运用模极大值法基本原理进行地震信号去噪研究,进而运用二次小波变换原理通过低层系数处理对常用小波去噪方法进行改进.通过合成不同的染噪地震信号,由一系列仿真实验对模拟地震信号进行不同尺度的小波分解与重构,从而实现最优小波分解尺度上的地震信号噪声去除.与常用的快速傅立叶转换方法比较,仿真结果表明,该小波变换方法能够有效去除地震勘探信号中的噪声,并且针对系数的二次小波变换可以明显改进去噪的效果.