电磁阻垢新技术研究

文章利用电导率和钙离子浓度的变化研究了低频电磁场对碳酸钙结晶的影响,并分析了碳酸钙结晶体的微观结构.结果表明,电磁处理促进实验溶液中碳酸钙晶核的生成却抑制了晶体长大,从而达到阻垢的目的.     

转炉除尘循环水水质阻垢剂的研究与实践

针对炼钢厂转炉循环水处理效果差、除尘系统结垢严重的问题,通过对除尘系统不同部位水样分析,除尘风机叶轮、除湿器垢样的机理分析及静态下阻垢试验,筛选出对铁垢、碳酸钙垢、磷酸钙具有较好效果的阻垢剂PDC9323型和PDC9324型及对悬浮物有较好絮凝效果的水处理絮凝剂AP1120,有效缓解了系统结垢问题,风机叶轮结垢速率由原先的0.3 mm/月降到0.005 7 mm/月,循环水中的悬浮物由150×10-6~200×10-6降到80×10-6左右。     

循环水磁防垢除垢作用机理及影响因素分析

结垢是工业循环冷却水普遍存在的现象,为了研究循环水磁防垢除垢作用的机理,通过文献调研前人对循环水磁防垢的相关研究,总结了磁处理水理化性质(黏度、表面张力和氢键数量)的变化以及水垢(文石、方解石)结构的变化与系统能量的关系,并结合影响磁化水抑垢效果的因素,针对目前对于磁防垢除垢作用机理的分歧,从相关的试验结论出发,以能量为落脚点对循环水磁防垢除垢作用的机理进行了推导,即水分子经磁场作用后,增加了氢键数量形成了更多的水合离子,减少了水垢的形成,同时致使体系能量降低和活化能增加,而活化能的增加能够促进硬垢向软垢的转变。这种经磁场作用后体系能量的重新分配造成的变化解释了常见的磁处理结论,并就影响磁处理阻垢效率的因素进行了讨论。     

低频电磁场处理中水的静态阻垢缓蚀试验研究

针对循环冷却水运行过程中常出现的结垢与腐蚀问题,采用低频梯度电磁场对中水进行静态水质稳定试验。通过正交试验对磁场运行参数进行优化后,一次性过磁处理可以使阻垢率达到21.46%,缓蚀率达到12.31%;经多次性循环过磁处理可以使二者进一步提高,2.0h的多次循环处理阻垢率可提高到35.30%,缓蚀率可提高到17.50%。通过SEM与XRD分析发现,电磁处理能够改变碳酸钙晶体的结构形态,可以促进铁表面形成致密的γ-Fe2O3氧化膜,起到缓蚀作用。     

磁处理对循环冷却水硬度的影响

选择磁场强度、水溶液离子质量浓度、水速和水温4个因素进行正交试验，考察磁处理工艺条件对循环冷却水硬度的影响。结果表明，最佳处理工艺条件按照其影响程度由大到小顺序依次为离子浓度为900 mg/L、流速为0.8 m/s、磁场强度为0.5 T和温度为30 ℃，该条件下硬度可达2 390 mg/L；然后在其他条件均为最佳处理工艺的条件下，利用XRD和SEM分别分析离子质量浓度为900、300 mg/L的垢样，发现离子质量浓度越大，文石和球霰石结构的碳酸钙比例越大，方解石结构的碳酸钙的比例却出现相反的变化，并且其表面形貌变得相对松散，易于冲涮。     

污泥焚烧湿法脱硫系统人孔门垢样的成分研究

成都市兴蓉污泥处置有限责任公司对污水过滤后的污泥进行焚烧,采用湿法脱硫的方法来处理焚烧后的有害气体。本文对湿法塔脱硫系统人孔门的垢样进行XRD分析,研究发现人孔门上部、底部和底部内壁处垢样的组成相不同,且人孔门底部内壁主要是氟化钙(Ca F2)。对此含大量Ca F2的垢样作进一步研究,SEM分析证实了Ca F2呈细小的菱形状,还存在由小颗粒团聚而成的大颗粒,表明垢样由多相组成;XRF分析表明垢样主要由F、Ca、O、S、C和Na元素组成,约含72.8%的Ca F2。     

强磁处理对工业循环冷却水的研究

为了防止冷却器水管出现结垢或腐蚀问题,目前所采用的均为化学处理方法,这会造成二次污染或花费大量资金,因此采用物理方法--磁处理方法对循环冷却水测定不同磁场强度下循环水的pH值、电导率、PSI的变化情况.对比未经过磁处理的循环水,试验结果表明防垢效果最佳时的磁场强度为34 000 Gs,可以有效降低pH值,使旧垢脱落,减少循环水结垢的可能性,并用首钢高炉冷却水进行磁处理,取得了满意的效果.     

高炉配套蒸发式冷却器特殊垢质化学清洗的试验研究

通过对高炉蒸发式冷却器的整体结构和垢质情况分析,并进行了垢样溶垢试验,确定了以化学清洗配合高压水射流清洗的施工方案。该设备通过清洗后取得了良好的换热效果,达到了节能降耗的目的。     

低频磁场水处理缓蚀的使用条件研究

从实际运用的角度出发,研究了低频磁场水处理缓蚀的使用条件和缓蚀效果。通过对包钢总排回水的磁处理试验,分析了磁感应强度、磁场频率、水流速度和钢丝填充率等四个因素对腐蚀速率的影响,指出磁处理会改变水溶液及其所含物质的性质,进而改变其对管路的腐蚀性能。不同的使用条件会导致管路不同的腐蚀程度,甚至会出现负效应,着重研究了低频磁场的最佳条件,以达到非化学缓蚀的目的。     

两段式焦耳处理对Co71.8Fe4.9Nb0.8Si7.5B15非晶薄带巨磁阻抗效应的影响

研究了两段式焦耳处理对Co71.8Fe4.9Nb0.8Si7.5B15非晶薄带巨磁阻抗效应的影响.实验结果表明:经第1段电流密度为15 A/mm2、第2段电流密度为35 A/mm2的复合处理后,样品获得了最大的GMI效应.在8MHz的交变电流频率下,最大磁阻抗比为305%,灵敏度为0.575%/(A·m-1).两段式焦耳处理是提高材料GMI效应的一种新的而且十分有效的方法.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.