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《应用化工》2022,(Z1)
应用KH560对Fe_3O_4@SiO_2进行表面环氧化改性制备Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Epoxy;其次分别以乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺为核,乙二胺、丙烯酸甲酯为原料,采用发散合成法合成了3种不同类型的聚酰胺-胺树枝状分子;应用开环加成反应将聚酰胺-胺整代产品嫁接到Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Epoxy;应用酰胺化反应将聚酰胺-胺半代产品嫁接到Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@NH_2;应用红外光谱对中间体以及最终产品进行了红外结构表征,结果表明,得到的产品结构与预期产物结构相符。以O/W模拟原油乳液为研究对象,考察了聚酰胺-胺磁性破乳剂的破乳性能。结果表明,端基为胺基的磁性聚酰胺-胺破乳剂有较好的破乳效果,而端基为酯基的磁性聚酰胺-胺破乳剂基本无破乳效果;端基为胺基的磁性聚酰胺-胺破乳剂对O/W模拟原油的破乳性能随核分子结构、支化结构、破乳时间的增加,破乳剂的破乳性能均有所提高;在相同情况下,破乳性能以三乙烯四胺为核制备的磁性聚酰胺-胺材料最好;以二乙烯三胺为核制备的产品性能次之,以乙二胺为核制备的产品性能较差。 相似文献
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以长链脂肪酸、二乙烯三胺、丙烯酸为原料合成了6种环境友好型咪唑啉缓蚀剂,对粗产品进行了柱层析提纯,用IR、1 HNMR分析了产品的结构。采用静态失重法、电化学法研究了产品对A3钢在模拟油田污水中的缓蚀性能。结果表明,达到相同缓蚀率时,纯产品的加剂量约为粗产品的1/3;烷基链为C9~C11的产品较其他链长度的效果好;月桂基咪唑啉缓蚀剂加剂量为10mg/L时,缓蚀率可达92.97%,腐蚀速率为0.012mm/a。产品在A3钢表面的吸附属于物理和化学混合吸附。侧链为C4~C7时,产品属于以抑制阳极腐蚀为主的混合型缓蚀剂,侧链为C9~C17时,属于阳极型缓蚀剂。 相似文献
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在SH/T 1780—2015标准中规定异戊橡胶产品的有效保质期为两年(常温状态下),实际生产过程中为减缓橡胶老化需要加入部分抗氧剂。目前市场主推抗氧剂为环保型抗氧剂,主要以酚类及亚磷酸脂类为主。上述两类抗氧剂消耗较大,因此加入量大、成本高,然而耐老化效果不好。目前部分异戊橡胶产品应用于制品企业,由于原胶抗氧剂问题,下游企业在应用时若配方不当,中间产品将老化变色。作为异戊橡胶的生产企业只有不断提高产品耐老化方面性能,才能解决产品在下游应用中出现的质量投诉及反馈,从而提高市场竞争力。 相似文献
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以马来酸和松香为原料,采用熔融法在微波辐射条件下制备马来松香。以应用性能为指标,探讨了物料配比、微波加热时间、微波功率等因素对制备效果的影响。通过正交实验确定最佳的工艺条件为:马来酸用量为松香的18%,微波辐射加热时间20 min,微波功率为616 W。该条件下的产品酸值为319.8 mg/g,皂化值为361.5 mg/g,软化点为143.5℃,产率为84.5%。而常规合成反应的温度为180℃,时间为3 h,得到产品酸值为224.1 mg/g,皂化值为295.3 mg/g,软化点为112.5℃,产率为53.4%。 相似文献
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以月桂酸甲酯为原料,通过乙氧基化及丙氧基化反应得到月桂酸甲酯EO/PO共聚醚(FMEP),通过~1HNMR和~(13)CNMR对产物进行了结构表征,并对产物的物化性能及应用性能进行了研究。结果表明:所合成的产品为目标产物;产品的表面活性要优于脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物(FMEE),其最低表面张力达到γ_(cmc)=30.85 mN/m,c_(mc)=5.53×10~(-5)mo1·L~(-1);润湿力最好为32 s,比脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物的润湿力要差;与市场聚醚消泡剂L61相比,FMEP的消泡及抑泡性能优于161,消泡效率和抑泡效率最高分别达到76.47%和85.0%,产品在实际体系中进行应用,表现出较好的消泡和抑泡性能。 相似文献
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丙烯酸乙酯改性硅油的合成和性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以含氢硅油(PHMS)和丙烯酸乙酯(EA)为原料,制得兼有二者性能的丙烯酸乙酯改性硅油。研究了PHMS含氢量和粘度对产品性能的影响,并用二元回归分析法进一步分析了PHMS含氢量和粘度与产品性能的关系。结果表明,PHMS含氢量对产品性能影响比其粘度显著,且PHMS含氢量和粘度越小,产品的性能越佳,其粘温系数为0.61,表面张力为21.2 mN/m。且二元回归方程分别预测了产品的粘度指数、粘温系数和表面张力,误差绝对值分别控制在7.411 8,0.009 1和0.095 3 mN/m内。 相似文献
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针对钻井液中聚醚胺易絮凝黏土、配伍性差和烷基糖苷加量大、成本高、高温易发酵的技术难题,通过醚化和胺化两步反应,合成得到了聚醚胺基烷基糖苷产品,并对其进行了提纯。对提纯得到的产品样品进行了红外光谱分析和元素分析,确定了产品分子结构。对产品性能进行了评价测试。结果表明,产品可改善无土相、低固相聚合物、聚磺等常规水基钻井液的流型,降低钻井液滤失量; 0. 3%产品水溶液的页岩一次回收率为97. 85%,页岩二次回收率为97. 55%,页岩相对回收率为99. 69%; 0. 3%产品对钙土相对抑制率为95. 28%;产品耐温达252℃;产品EC50值为528 800 mg/L,远大于排放标准30 000 mg/L。该产品配伍性好,具有超强抑制性和优良耐温性,绿色环保,适用于强水敏性泥岩等易坍塌地层及页岩油气水平井的钻井施工,应用前景广阔。 相似文献
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交联淀粉胶粘剂的制备及性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以可溶性淀粉为原料、戊二醛为交联剂、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为二次交联剂和丁二酸酐为酯化剂,合成了不同改性淀粉胶粘剂(其基体树脂分别为酯化淀粉、交联淀粉、交联酯化淀粉、交联酯化淀粉/TDI和交联淀粉/TDI);然后采用单因素试验法优选出合成改性淀粉胶粘剂的最优方案。结果表明:当基体树脂为交联淀粉/TDI、m(淀粉)=10.0 g、淀粉浓度为10%(相对于水和淀粉质量而言)、w(戊二醛)=w(TDI)=10%(相对于淀粉质量而言)、第一步和第二步反应条件分别为50℃/2 h和150℃/1 h时,相应改性淀粉胶粘剂的综合性能相对最好,其初始干燥速率适宜、储存稳定性良好、粘接强度和耐水性俱佳。 相似文献
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以N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,用可溶性淀粉与丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为原料采用溶液聚合法合成了新型高吸水树脂.讨论了引发剂用量、交联剂用量、淀粉用量、氮气氛围等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响,确定最佳反应条件为:以AA质量为标准,可溶性淀粉用量为20%,引发剂用量为0.5%,交联剂用量为0.05%,AA中和度为75%,反应温度为65℃,在氮气保护下所得产物在蒸馏水中吸水率最大,达1 059.1 g/g. 相似文献
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A fungal isolate Wuji-H4 with a dense-lobe rosette growth pattern on malt extract agar was identified as Mortierella alpina Peyronel. It was capable of producing 504 mg/L of arachidonic acid (AA) in the screening medium. Its AA content accounted
for 42.4% of the total fatty acids. The AA yield was raised to 1,817 mg/L by a step-by-step approach, which uncovered that
the preferred carbon source, nitrogen source, and temperature for fungal growth and lipid production were soluble starch,
urea, and 24°C, respectively. Productivity was further optimized by exploiting the interactions between the constituents of
the medium by the response surface method. A partial factorial design, followed by steepest ascent analysis, was carried out
to locate the general vicinity of the optimal level of each nutrient. The response surface of AA production in this optimal
region was then approximated with a full quadratic equation obtained from a three-factor/five-level central composite rotatable
design. Maximum AA yield was predicted to occur in a medium that contained 99.7 g/L of soluble starch, 12.6 g/L of yeast extract,
and 3.0 g/L of KH2PO4. Upon verification, the average experimental yield of AA (3,885 mg/L) was not significantly different from the predicted
AA yield (3,940 mg/L), indicating that the response surface method had succeeded in exploiting the AA production potential
of this new fungal isolate. 相似文献
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The monomer 2-butenyl acrylate was reacted with starch by exposure to either 60Co irradiation or ceric ion initiation. Monomer conversion in the presence of starch is greater than in the absence of starch, indicating that a starch initiating mechanism takes place for 60Co irradiated samples. Acetone extraction indicates little or no soluble homopolymer in the grafts. Portions of the samples soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) appear to be low-level 2-butenyl acrylate-grafted starch by infrared analysis. DMSO-insoluble portions (usually more than 50% of each sample) are somewhat more soluble in 1N NaOH at room temperature. This indicates that the 2-butenyl acrylate acts as an easily hydrolyzed crosslink for starch in samples containing as low as 5 wt % grafted poly(2-butenyl acrylate). 相似文献
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S. P. Mallick G. S. Shaw K. Uvanesh D. Biswal Suraj Nayak S. S. Sagiri 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2016,55(16):1731-1742
Gelatin–starch-based phase-separated hydrogels were prepared in this study. Corn starch, soluble starch, and hydrated starch were used as the representative starches for the preparation of the hydrogels. Bright field microscopy suggested the formation of phase-separated hydrogels. An increase in the hydrophilic nature of the starch molecules resulted in decrease in the agglomeration of the starch particles within the gelatin matrices. Fourier transform infrared study confirmed the presence of starch particles within the hydrogels. X-ray diffraction studies suggested that the higher degree of crystallinity of corn starch and soluble starch was responsible for the comparative hydrophobic nature of these starch particles. Hydrated starch was found to be amorphous in nature and can be explained by the destruction of the intramolecular associative forces. Stress relaxation and creep recovery studies indicated predominant elastic nature of the hydrogels. Hydrated starch-containing hydrogels were firmer than corn starch and soluble starch because of the better miscibility of the hydrated starch particles within the gelatin matrices. The bulk resistance of the starch-containing hydrogels was higher. This was because of the capability of the starch particles to behave as dielectric medium. Incorporation of starch particles within the gelatin matrix was found to increase the polymer relaxation-mediated drug diffusion. Metronidazole-loaded hydrogels were found to have good antimicrobial activity. 相似文献
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活性物质降解烟叶中淀粉的工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对固定化酶乳状液添加剂与水溶液酶添加剂降低低次烟叶中淀粉的质量分数进行了研究,考察了两种方法降解烟叶淀粉的工艺条件,并通过实验得出了各自的最佳工艺条件,固定化方法为:α-淀粉酶16 u/g(烟叶),糖化酶80 u/g(烟叶),降解温度50~55℃,作用时间15 h,w(H2O)=20%~25%;水溶液酶为:α-淀粉酶16 u/g,糖化酶80 u/g,温度40~45℃,时间9 h,w(H2O)=20%~25%。结果表明,固定化酶处理烟叶,淀粉降解率为30.25%,好于水溶液酶的25.25%,特别在抽吸品质方面,前者处理明显好于后者处理。 相似文献