轧钢加热炉改造

针对轧钢加热炉加热能力不足,炉墙冒火,自动化控制水平落后的情况,对加热炉进行了改造,延长了加热炉的长度,更换了单蓄热式空气烧嘴,并对自动控制系统进行了升级改造,从而消除了炉墙冒火的现象,提高了加热能力和自动控制水平,降低了煤气消耗,取得了良好的经济效益。     

导向筒挤压成形工艺及模具设计

探讨了导向筒挤压的可行性,对几种工艺方案进行了分析,选择了最优方案并制定了工艺流程,在此基础上设计了导向筒挤压模具。采用冷挤压工艺加工后,提高了零件精度和表面质量,改善了强度和韧性,减少了切削加工量,节约了原材料,提高了生产效率,也改善了零件的组织性能。     

带内螺纹的望远镜镜身注塑模具设计

分析了望远镜镜身的结构,提出了塑件成型及模具设计的关键点,设计了模具的整体结构。设计了可相对运动的组合式型芯,以增加内抽芯机构的运动空间,通过塑件推出时带动螺纹滑块的移动实现了内侧抽芯。设计了矩形型芯镶块、加工了避空结构,采用螺钉固定,解决了狭小空间安装小型芯的问题,避免了模具干涉。采用了锥面配合,提高了模具的定位精度,减小了配合件的摩擦。经生产验证,该模具生产的塑件质量满足图纸要求。     

高速热冲压液压机的研制

提出了研制高速热冲压液压机的必要性,确定了高速热冲压液压机的总体设计方案,详述了此类液压机的液压原理及其应用。该产品的研制成功,给国内热冲压成形工艺的研究提供了高性能的设备,同时提高了液压机的生产效率,降低了液压机的能耗,得到了国内外广大客户的认可。     

基于Web的远程液压传动系统设计模式研究

为实现液压传动系统设计模式的转变以及设计资源、技术资源与产品信息的远程共享,提出了基于Web的远程液压传动系统设计模式,介绍了系统的体系结构,阐述了系统的工作流程,详细介绍了系统的各功能模块,分析了系统实现的关键技术与方法,并对该设计技术的发展趋势提出了展望。     

双逆变交流方波弧焊机研制

设计了双逆变交流方波弧焊机,介绍了焊机主电路、一次、二次逆变电源控制电路基本原理.给出了二次逆变器控制电路,找到了场效应管失效的原因,设计了限制短路电流冲击电路,介绍了限制短路电流冲击电路及电流软启动引弧的原理,实现了电流软启动引弧,减小短路时浪涌电流对场效应管的冲击,解决了焊杌可靠性问题.用光线记录示波器实拍一次逆变焊机短路时的电流波形及双逆变交流方波弧焊机短路、负载时的电流及电压波形,并对焊机进行了测试,得出了焊机主要技术指标,又进行了焊接工艺试验,试验结果表明,该焊杌具有优良的工艺性能.     

镁合金熔体防氧化燃烧技术的进展

综述了相关文献,介绍了镁合金氧化燃烧的机制,总结了在熔炼过程中防止镁合金氧化燃烧的各种技术,并对其利弊作了分析,指出了未来发展的方向.     

Ф5500×1800自磨机传动轴端漏油问题的处理

针对自磨机传动轴端漏油的问题,提出了引流回源的导油建议,通过引流回源,彻底解决了漏油的问题,保证了设备的正常运转,减轻了工人的劳动强度,并取得了一定的经济效益.     

基于铸造模具CAE技术的研究

介绍了铸造模具CAE的发展,澄清了CAE技术在模具运用中的误区,研究了CAE技术在铸造模具中的性能。CAE技术在铸造模具中的运用不仅提高了铸造模的质量,同时缩短了铸造件的开发周期,降低了生产成本。     

支架成形工艺及模具设计

通过对支架零件的冲压工艺进行了分析,介绍了模具结构,提出了模具主要工作部分零件的设计要点,对生产中出现的问题,进行了分析,并给出了解决措施,保证了该零件的顺利成形。     

多元光谱拟合ICP-AES法同时测定铂中22个杂质元素

试样用HCl-HNO3溶解,采用多元光谱拟合(MSF)功能ICP-AES法同时测定铂中22个杂质元素:Pd、Rh、Ir、Ru、Au、Ag、Cu、Fe、Zn、Ni、Mn、Cr、Mg、Cd、Al、Ca、Pb、Sn、Bi、Si、Mo、Ti。对基体铂的影响、MSF功能、元素分析谱线、背景校正、仪器分析参数等进行了研究,确定了最佳实验条件。杂质元素测定范围Ag、Pd、Cu、Cr、Ti、Mn和Mo为0.0004%~0.05%;Rh、Ir、Pb、Fe、Mg、Al、Zn、Si、Bi、Ca、Cd、Sn、Au和Ni为0.0005%~0.05%;Ru为0.001%~0.05%;方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)和加标回收率分别为1.5%~8.1%和85.1%~118.5%。方法准确、快速、简便,已用于铂中杂质元素的分析。     

ICP-AES法分析富银渣

试样用HNO3与HCl溶解,ICP-AES法直接测定富银渣中0.01%～5%的Ag、Au、Cu、Ni、Sb、Bi、Zn、Al、As、Sn等元素.研究了溶剂、试样中铅及其它共存元素的干扰,选择了合适的分析线.加标回收率在99.6%～107.1%,相对标准偏差为0.59%～3.08%,方法准确、简便、快速.     

Computer Simulation System of Stretch Reducing Mill

The principle of the stretch reducing process is analyzed and three models of pass design areestablished. The simulations are done about variables, such as, stress, strain, the stretches betweenthe stands, the size parameters of the steel tube, and the roll force parameters. According to itsproduct catalogs the system can automatically divide the pass series, formulate the rolling table,and simulate the basic technological parameters in the stretch reducing process. All modules areintegrated based on the developing environment of VB6. The system can draw simulation curvesand pass pictures. Three kinds of database including the material database, pass design database,and product database are devised using Microsoft Access, which can be directly edited, corrected,and searched.     

管线钢取制样技术对力学性能的影响

管线钢力学性能检验包括拉伸、弯曲、落锤、冲击、金相试验等,其中拉伸试验属于最常规且最重要的试验,从中可以获得材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度、屈强比等强度性能,也可获得断后伸长率、断面收缩率等塑性指标。影响拉伸性能的因素有很多,除了钢材本身的因素以外,拉伸试样的制备和测试过程也是拉伸性能的关键影响因素,制样和试验不规范均会导致检验数据失真。通常,管线钢生产检验中采用的是矩形截面试样,但是目前使用的管线钢壁厚较大,有时必须使用圆形截面试样进行测试。重点研究了制样各流程操作差异对管线钢力学性能影响。     

Magnetic property based characterization of rust on weathering steels

The characterization of rusts on weathering steels is important in understanding the origin of their corrosion resistance. Rust consists of several phases, e.g. α-, β- and γ-FeOOH, which are anti-ferromagnetic with different Neél temperatures. Rust on so-called advanced weathering steel containing 3 wt.% Ni [H. Kihira, A. Usami, K. Tanabe, M. Ito, G. Shigesato, Y. Tomita, T. Kusunoki, T. Tsuzuki, S. Ito, T. Murata, in: Proc. Symp. on Corrosion and Corrosion Control in Saltwater Environments, Honolulu, 1999, The Electrochemical Soc., pp. 127-136] contains in addition a ferrimagnetic spinel phase [M. Kimura, H. Kihira, Y. Ishii, T. Mizoguchi, in: Proc. 13th Asian-Pacific Corrosion Control Conference, Osaka, 2003; M. Kimura, H. Kihira, N. Ohta, M. Hashimoto, T. Senuma, Corros. Sci., this volume; M. Kimura, N. Ohta, H. Kihira, Mater. Trans. JIM, in press]. The nanostructure of real rust cannot be elucidated satisfactorily only with conventional analytical methods such as X-ray diffraction, because of the complex mixture of phases with fine and imperfect crystallites. Because of the short range of the super-exchange coupling between Fe ions in a solid, the magnetic properties can give information on local configurations even in the absence of perfect crystalline coherence. Therefore, the magnetic properties of rust samples were investigated in detail using a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) magnetometer and Mössbauer spectroscopy. SQUID magnetometry is effective to determine the quantity of the ferrimagnetic phase. The temperature dependence of the Mössbauer spectrum gives information about not only the fractions of the phases but also the distribution of grain volume, V, in each phase according to the super-paramagnetic relaxation effect. This approach has been applied to rust of conventional [T. Okada, Y. Ishii, T. Mizoguchi, I. Tamura, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Takagi, S. Suzuki, H. Kihira, M. Ito, A. Usami, K. Tanabe, K. Masuda, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39 (2003) 3382] and advanced weathering [H. Kihira, A. Usami, K. Tanabe, M. Ito, G. Shigesato, Y. Tomita, T. Kusunoki, T. Tsuzuki, S. Ito, T. Murata, in: Proc. Symp. on Corrosion and Corrosion Control in Saltwater Environments, Honolulu, 1999, The Electrochemical Soc., pp. 127-136] steels.The grains of the rust formed on advanced weathering steel have clearly bimodal Gaussian distributions of volume with peaks at V ≈ 5 × 10⁻²⁴ m³ and V ≈ 16 × 10⁻²⁴ m³ in α-FeOOH and β-FeOOH phases. The outer layer has grains of γ-FeOOH which are an order of magnitude smaller. The inner layer, in contrast, has a continuous distribution of grain volume, consistent with the formation of a continuous densely packed thin protective rust layer which prevents further corrosion.     

原子层沉积技术及应用

简单阐述了原子层沉积技术的发展背景,然后概括了原子层沉积技术原理、技术特征和优势,并对化学吸附和顺次反应两种自限制机制进行了描述和比较。着重介绍了原子层沉积技术在工艺等方面的最新成果,以及在纳米催化剂、电池、半导体器件、光学、生物医学和航空航天领域中的相关应用。其中将原子层沉积在电池、半导体器件和生物医学方面的应用进行了分类介绍。电池方面包括锂离子电池和太阳能电池,半导体器件方面分为高k电介质、电容器、电阻随机存取存储器(RRAM)和光、电二极管。生物医学领域分别介绍了其在生物相容性、抑菌抗菌涂层和微观组分方向的研究进展。最后对原子层沉积技术进行了归纳总结,并展望了其未来的发展方向和应用前景。     

Metallurgical aspects of corrosion resistance of aluminium alloys

Aluminium is the second most often used metal after steel. In this paper, the most current uses of aluminium alloys are first summarised. Then, their different corrosion modes, i.e. pitting, crevice, filiform, galvanic and structural corrosion (including inter‐granular, exfoliation and stress corrosion cracking) are reviewed, with particular attention paid to metallurgical factors controlling the corrosion process. For each mode, some instances of possible in‐service failure are given, followed by the discussion of the involved mechanisms and the presentation of appropriate solutions to prevent corrosion. Last, passivity and polarisation behaviour are discussed with reference to stainless steels.     

表面活性剂的应用和发展

表面活性剂素有“工业味精”之称，目前已被广泛应用于纺织、制药、化妆品、食品、造船、土建、采矿、表面处理等领域，它是许多工业部门必须的化学助剂，其用量小，收效大，往往起到意想不到的效果。本文主要讲述了表面活性剂的作用、分类、应用和发展。     

Dependence of the Stabilization of α-Alumina on the Spray Process

A phase change from α-alumina (corundum) in the feedstock powder to predominantly other alumina phases, such as γ-alumina in the coating normally takes place, as a result of the spray process. It is expected that the prevention of this phase transformation will significantly improve the mechanical, electrical, and other properties of thermally sprayed alumina coatings. The results regarding the possibility of stabilization of α-alumina through addition of chromia published in the literature are ambiguous. In this work, stabilization using different spray processes (water-stabilized plasma (WSP), gas-stabilized plasma (APS), and high-velocity oxy-fuel spray (HVOF)) was studied. Mechanical mixtures of alumina and chromia were used, as were prealloyed powders consisting of solid solutions. The investigations focused on mechanical mixtures with both APS and WSP and on prealloyed powders with WSP. The coatings were studied by x-ray diffraction, including Rietveld analysis, and analysis of the lattice parameters. Microstructures were investigated by optical microscopy using metallographic cross-sections. It was shown that in the case of the mechanically mixed powders, the stabilization predominantly depends on the applied spray process. The stabilization of the α phase by use of the WSP process starting from mechanical mixtures was confirmed. It appears that stabilization exhibits a complex dependence on the spray process, the process parameters (in particular the thermal history), the nature of the powder (mechanically mixed or prealloyed), and the chromia content. This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007.     

重组人p53腺病毒注射液治疗晚期实体肿瘤的安全性和近期疗效评价

目的: 总结重组人p53 腺病毒注射液(rAdp53)治疗的晚期实体肿瘤患者的资料, 初步评价其安全性与疗效。方法: 常规治疗失败的晚期实体肿瘤患者24 例, 其中肾癌5 例, 鼻咽癌4 例, 结直肠癌4 例, 黑色素瘤2 例, 非小细胞肺癌1 例, 食管癌1例, 贲门癌1 例, 胸腺癌1 例, 十二指肠癌1 例, 甲状腺癌1 例, 胰腺癌1 例, 子宫内膜癌1 例, 横纹肌肉瘤1 例。rAd-p53 给药方案为1 ×1012VP/次, 每周1次, 4 次为1 疗程。给药途径包括瘤内注射、支气管内喷洒、腹腔内注射、动脉灌注和静脉滴注。联合化疗18 例, 联合放疗2 例, 联合同期放、化疗1 例, 联合腹部热疗和吉非替尼1 例, 联合免疫治疗1 例,rAd-p53 单药治疗1 例。结果: 24 例患者中因早期进展而停药1 例, 接受1 疗程治疗20 例, 2 疗程治疗2例, 5 疗程治疗1 例。在可评价的21 例中, 部分缓解(PR) 5 例, 稳定(SD) 5 例, 进展(PD) 11 例, 有效率23.8%(5/21), 疾病控制率47.6%(10/21)。常见不良反应为自限性、I ~ II 度注射部位疼痛、寒颤、发热和肌肉酸痛。III 度发热2 例, 联合化疗者发生III ~IV 度骨髓抑制4 例, 骨痛加剧2 例, 一过性低血压1例。结论: 晚期实体瘤患者可耐受rAd-p53 治疗, 有必要进一步设计临床试验, 确定rAd-p53 联合常规治疗的有效性。