冶金用低水泥结合浇注料的热谱研究

对低水泥结合耐火浇注料进行的试验研究表明:在掺入少量的水泥、超细粉、助结合剂后,改变低水泥浇注料的外加剂种类、性能及含量,可以影响其热谱性能。对浇注料的热谱研究为以后低水泥浇注料的预热处理热工制度及施工工艺的改进提供了可靠依据。     

蓄热式加热炉和钢包永久衬耐火材料应用研究

介绍一种新型浇注料——低水泥粒状耐火纤维浇注料，把重质耐火浇注料和轻质隔热浇注料的优点集于一体，既高强度耐高温又低导热率较低容重，适用于蓄热式加热炉和钢包永久衬耐火隔热的综合要求。     

铁水预处理喷枪用耐火浇注料的研究与发展

通过对国内外喷枪耐火浇注料研究与应用过程的综述,提出了喷枪耐火浇注料力学性能、热震稳定性能、抗渣性能、烧后线变化等方面的技术要求,指出了低膨胀系数与低弹性模量的喷枪耐火浇注料发展方向。     

耐火浇注料单位体积用量与体积密度的差异

指出了耐火浇注料单位体积用量与体积密度定义上的区别,介绍了一种测试耐火浇注料单位体积用量的试验方法。通过试验揭示了耐火浇注料的单位体积用量与其体积密度之间存在的差异,以及不同种类的浇注料两者差异程度的不同,并以水硬性耐火浇注料为例,分析了造成这一差异的原因。     

粘土结合浇注料的应用和施工方法

一、前言石家庄钢铁厂28m~2烧结机点火器,炉衬原设计采用硫酸铝结合剂耐火可塑料。(后简称可塑料)因各方原因,建议改为新型耐火材料——粘土结合浇注料。(后简称浇注料) 根据试验证明浇注料技术性能优于高铝水泥浇注料和可塑料。(见图1)。     

硅粉的综合利用

本文介绍了硅粉的物理化学特性,硅粉的加工、包装、运输及其综合利用。着重介绍了国内外对硅粉的两个重要利用途径,即用作水泥、混凝土的掺合料和低水泥耐火浇注料的添加剂。     

气体悬浮焙烧炉内衬烘炉曲线的确定

根据所使用的低水泥浇注料的性能，对中铝山西分公司检修厂4号焙烧炉制定了合理的烘烤曲线，提高了耐火内衬的质量，延长了内衬的使用寿命。     

粒状陶瓷纤维浇注料

介绍了一种新型陶瓷纤维浇注料,将陶瓷纤维棉制成高强度的球柱状纤维颗粒,然后再用这种纤维颗粒置换耐火浇注料中的骨料而制成的粒状陶瓷纤维浇注料。它集重质耐火浇注料和轻质隔热浇注料的优点于一体,既具备强度高、耐高温的机械性能,又具备低体积密度、低导热率的隔热性能。     

低水泥结合耐火浇注料的试制

昆钢耐火材料公司利用超微粉技术，开发研制出低水泥结合耐火浇注料，产品的各项指标达到标准要求．经过冶金、化工、建材等工业窑炉使用，满足使用要求。     

应用粘土结合浇注料整体浇注加热炉

前言工业窑炉用耐火浇注料整体浇注一举改变了传统的砌筑方法,是对耐火材料,筑炉工艺和施工方法的一大变革。近年来国内外不定型耐火材料得到了迅速发展,续水泥类浇注料和耐火可塑料之后,又研制成功了粘土结合浇注料,从而使炉体整体浇注得以实施,并且施工速度快,炉体增寿耐用,保温节能;经济效益显著。     

Current Situation and Prospect of High Performance Refractories for Iron and Steel Industry in China

ＣｕｒｒｅｎｔＳｉｔｕａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＰｒｏｓｐｅｃｔｏｆＨｉｇｈＰｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅＲｅｆｒａｃｔｏｒｉｅｓｆｏｒＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｌＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｉｎＣｈｉｎａＳｏｎｇＳｈｅｎｔａｉＶｉｃｅ－Ｃｈｉｅｆ－ＥｎｇｉｎｅｒｏｆＣＩＳＲＩ，Ｐｒｏ...     

高品质钢冶炼出铁场耐火材料结合剂的研究进展

出铁场是高炉炼铁通往炼钢的重要渠道,受出铁沟尺寸、形状及环境条件等因素的影响,目前大多采用浇注成型.而对不定形耐火浇注料而言,结合剂不仅决定其施工性能和力学强度,而且影响加热烘烤过程及高温使用状态下被结合材料的界面状态、显微结构与使用性能.综述了广泛应用于出铁沟耐火浇注料的结合剂类型、基本性质及其结合机制,归纳了各类结...     

宝钢主沟浇注料使用现状及对策

介绍了宝钢主沟浇注料的技术变迁和国内外浇注料的理化性能,指出了影响主沟使用寿命和材料单耗的各种因素.然后,着重论述了宝钢主沟浇注料在使用过程中经常产生的6类问题,在分析其原因及机理后,提出了相应的技术对策和建议.最后分别从材料和施工方面引入了非氧化物材料和预混浇注料技术,可望达到既提高主沟使用寿命,又改善现场施工环境的目的.     

Comparative study for physical properties and corrosion mechanism of synthetic and in situ MgAl2O4 spinel formation zero cement refractory castables

Abstract

Magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl₂O₄) is an excellent castable refractory product due to its high temperature thermal, chemical and mechanical properties. Alumina spinel castables are produced by addition of synthetic spinel or in situ spinel formation during the firing process. In the first part of the experimental studies, alumina rich MgAl₂O₄ spinel castable was produced using a solid state reaction technique. Tabular alumina and sea water magnesia (<100 μm) were used as starting raw materials. In the second part of the experimental studies, commercial synthetic spinel added castables were produced. In order to compare experimental results, both parts of the experimental study involved compositions with the same proportions of MgO. α-500 hydratable alumina was used as binder. Castables were sintered at 1500 and 1600°C. Water absorption, apparent porosity, bulk density and cold crushing strength values were considered and the optimum sintering temperature, proportions of synthetic spinel and sea water magnesia were determined. The XRD patterns confirm the phase formation of MgAl₂O₄. Moreover, the physical properties of the castables were supported by this XRD analysis. Scanning electron microscopy investigations of the fired samples were carried out to compare the effect of synthetic spinel addition and in situ phase formation on the physical properties of the castables. The mechanism of slag penetration to two types of zero cement castables for steel ladles was examined and the penetration layer chemically analysed by energy dispersive X-ray analysis studies.     

Effects of Different Calcium Compounds on the Corrosion Resistance of Andalusite-Based Low-Cement Castables in Contact with Molten Al-Alloy

Andalusite containing low-cement castables (LCCs) have been used in aluminum casthouses for several decades. CaF₂ is commonly added to the refractory to improve its corrosion resistance mainly because of its role in the formation of anorthite (CaAl₂Si₂O₈); the latter has been reported to decrease the penetration of molten aluminum alloys into refractories. This article investigates the effect of the addition of different calcium containing compounds (CaO, CaCO₃, CaSO₄, CaF₂, Clinker white cement, calcia feldspar, wollastonite, and Ca₃(PO₄)₂) on reactions with the refractory constituents to form anorthite as well as the effect of the additives on both the subsequent physical properties and the corrosion resistance of andalusite LCC refractories. Corrosion tests using the Alcoa cup test at temperatures (1123 K [850 °C] for 150 hours and 1433 K [1160 °C] for 72 hours) were conducted to determine the extent of penetration, whereas immersion tests in boiling water were conducted to determine the extent of open porosity in the material. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectrometer, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction techniques were employed to characterize the phase formations in the materials after the tests. The study demonstrated that both calcia feldspar and clinker white cement had the potential to be used as new additives for decreasing the penetration of molten Al-alloy into the refractory materials. Anorthite formation (in the refractory matrix), along with the absence of glassy phases, were responsible for the improvement in the corrosion resistance of the castables containing calcia feldspar. However, in the sample containing cement, the presence of calcium silicate phases were observed to resist reactions with molten aluminum. The observed results were validated using thermodynamic calculations, which indicated that tricalcium silicates (3CaO.SiO₂) and dicalcium silicate (2CaO.SiO₂) phases were more resistant than wollastonite (CaSiO₃) for applications involving contact with molten aluminum.     

高铝低硅CaO-Al2O3系熔渣对刚玉/六铝酸钙质浇注料的作用行为

摘要：由于高铝低硅CaO-Al2O3系熔渣对耐火材料的侵蚀损毁影响高铝含量低密度高强钢的安全冶炼生产,为此通过在刚玉质浇注料中引入六铝酸钙,开展六铝酸钙质浇注料与高铝低硅CaO-Al2O3系熔渣反应实验,并与铝镁浇注料进行对比研究了其作用行为。实验结果表明：刚玉 六铝酸钙浇注料具有优异抗渣性能。这主要是由于熔渣中大量的CaO被消耗,间接提高了熔渣黏度,并与刚玉 六铝酸钙浇注料反应生成的高熔点相CA2填充了气孔,阻挡了熔渣的渗透,实验结果与热力学模拟计算结果相吻合。六铝酸钙浇注料自身气孔率高,熔渣主要以渗透形式对六铝酸钙耐火材料造成破坏。因此,将刚玉骨料与六铝酸钙基质组合是有望成为低密度高强钢冶炼用钢包内衬候选耐火材料。     

Corrosion behavior of high alumina and low silicon CaO Al2O3 slags on corundum/calcium hexaaluminate based castables

Due to the corrosion of CaO-Al2O3 based slags on refractory materials is related to the safe smelting of low-density and high-strength steel with high aluminum, the reaction experiment of calcium hexaaluminate castables with high-alumina and low-silicon CaO-Al2O3 based slag was carried out by introducing calcium hexaaluminate into corundum castables, and it was compared with that of alumina magnesia castable. The experimental results agreed with that of thermodynamic simulation and show that corundum calcium hexaaluminate castable has excellent slag resistance. Because the corundum calcium hexaaluminate castable reacted with the CaO Al2O3 based slag and produced high melting point phase CA2, which consumed a large amount of CaO in the slag and increased the viscosity of the slag, and CA2 filled the pores and blocked the penetration of slag. The wear mechanism of the calcium hexaaluminate castable is slag infiltration due to the higher porosity. Therefore, the combination of corundum aggregates and calcium hexaaluminate matrix is expected to be a candidate refractory material for ladle lining of low density and high strength steel smelting.     

In situ formation of multi scale reinforcing phases to improve performance of Al2O3-SiC C castables

In order to improve the physical properties and slag corrosion resistance of refractory materials for hot metal pretreatment, different contents of composite metal powders (CMP) were introduced into Al2O3-SiC-C refractory castables. The effect of CMP on the microstructure, physical properties and slag corrosion resistance of Al2O3-SiC-C refractory castables were studied. The results show that the multi scale reinforcing phases including flake crystals, rod shaped fibers, filamentous fibers and whiskers are in situ formed in the samples with addition of CMP, which result to the improvement of the cold modulus of rupture and cold crushing strength. When the addition of CMP is 6 wt.%, the high temperature modulus of rupture increases by 231%, the thermal shock resistance increases by 77% after thermal shock by water cooling 5 times and the percentage of the slag resistant area reduces by 37.2%.     

原位生成多尺度增强相提高Al2O3-SiC-C浇注料的性能

摘要：为了提高铁水预处理用耐火材料的物理性能和抗渣侵蚀性,在Al2O3-SiC-C耐火浇注料中引入不同含量的复合金属微粉(CMP),研究了其对Al2O3-SiC-C耐火浇注料显微结构、物理性能和抗渣侵蚀性能的影响。结果表明：CMP的加入能够促进试样中形成片状晶体、棒状纤维、细丝状纤维和晶须等多尺度增强相;随着CMP的加入,试样的常温抗折强度和耐压强度提高,当CMP加入量为6%（质量分数）时,浇注料的高温抗折强度提高了231%,热震水冷5次后试样的抗折强度保持率达到23%,比空白样提高了77%,抗渣侵蚀面积减小了37.2%。     

中国钢铁工业用高效耐火材料的发展

近25年来,为适应钢产量的快速增长和冶炼新技术发展的需要,我国耐火材料工业无论在产量、质量和新品种方面都有较快的发展。主要以我国丰富的菱镁矿、高铝矾土和鳞片石墨为基础,研究开发了优质高效耐火制品,如碳结合制品、高纯氧化物制品、矾土基低蠕变砖和高强度高铝砖以及低水泥、超低水泥和无水泥浇注料等,用于高炉、转炉、电炉、二次精炼和连铸,显著地提高了其使用寿命。