基于稀疏矩阵和相关函数联合优化的MIMO-OFDM线性调频波形复用设计与实现方法

多输入多输出合成孔径雷达(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Synthetic Aperture Radar, MIMO SAR)发射信号应该具有大时间带宽积和良好的模糊函数特性。该文联合优化稀疏矩阵和相关函数来设计多路正交的MIMO SAR 正交频分复用线性调频(OFDM chirp)信号,首先将MIMO SAR波形设计转化为跳频频率与跳频幅度的联合设计,并提出以最小化稀疏矩阵块相关系数及信号互相关峰值和为约束条件,采用迭代搜索法求解最佳编码矩阵;并以最小化信号自相关旁瓣峰值与互相关峰值之和为约束条件,采用遗传算法确定最佳幅度矩阵;最后采用组合优化搜索法设计出最佳信号。文中还分析了发射阵元数目、跳频总间隔数及总频率选择数与信号性能之间的关系。仿真结果表明此方法可以设计多路正交大时间带宽积OFDM chirp信号,同时降低信号的互相关峰值与自相关旁瓣峰值、提高互模糊性能。      

基于软件无线电的恒包络OFDM的设计与实现

由于正交频分复用(OFDM)的峰值平均功率比(PAPR)较高,所以使得功率放大器、D/A、A/D转换器动态范围大,为了解决这一问题,把OFDM调制到载波信号的频率中,使得OFDM变成包络恒定的信号.本设计基于软件无线电(SDR)平台,用System Generator完成恒包络OFDM调制解调的建模仿真.结果表明:恒包络OFDM解决了OFDM高PAPR问题,使得其PAPR变为0 dB,大大节省了功耗,并且增加了系统的灵活性,更加有利于系统的更新和升级.     

载波干涉 OFDM 系统峰均功率比特性分析

通过分析正交频分码分复用(OFDM-CDM)系统的信号包络，提出一种定性地分析不同 OFDM-CDM 系统峰均功率比(PAPR)特性的方法。根据这一方法对比分析了分别采用载波干涉(CI)扩 频码和 Wlash 扩频码的 OFDM-CDM 系统，在不同子载波数情况下的 PAPR 特性。理论分析和计算机仿 真结果表明，无论系统所采用子载波数量的大小，采用载波干涉(CI)扩频码的 OFDM-CDM 系统，即载 波干涉 OFDM 系统的 PAPR 状况，相对传统的 OFDM 系统都得到了显著的改善。     

正交频分复用在RoF系统中的应用研究

提出了一个利用RoF系统传送正交频分复用(OFDM)信号的方案,从理论和仿真两个方面分析了OFDM毫米波的色散性能及对系统性能的影响.该方案较之采用相干接收的OFDM光纤无线通信系统(RoF)具有结构简单、使用光学器件少和抗色散的优点.     

基于LDPC-TCM OFDM的60GHz光载毫米波传输性能实验研究

提出采用低密度奇偶校验码-网络编码调制(LDPC-TCM)提高正交频分复用(OFDM)信号在60GHz光载无线通信(ROF)系统中的传输性能。研制了60GHz LDPC-TCM OFDM-RoF系统,实验比较LDPC-OFDM信号和LDPC-TCM OFDM信号在60GHz光载毫米波的性能,当误码率(BER)为10-3时,经过光纤传输20km后,LDPC-OFDM信号的接收机灵敏度比原始OFDM信息提高了15dB,而LDPC-TCM OFDM信号比LDPC OFDM信号提高1dB。结果说明,LDPC-TCMOFDM信号比LDPC OFDM信号在光链路传输系统中具有更佳的纠错能力和更能降低光链路中色散的影响。     

OFDM系统最大值抵消峰均比抑制算法

正交频分复用(OFDM)系统应用中的一个关键问题是如何降低信号的峰值平均功率比(PAPR).针对这一问题,本文提出一种新的峰均比抑制算法--最大值抵消算法.新算法利用OFDM系统的预留子载波,在子载波上注入冗余数据,形成新的信号,以改变原信号的PAPR值.在处理上,将新信号的PAPR值与原信号PAPR值进行比较,选取PAPR值较小的信号发送,从而降低信号的PAPR.仿真结果表明,由于新的算法不需要发送边带信息,不改变原信号的顺序和相位关系,故而在较好地抑制信号PAPR值的同时,该算法对误码率的影响非常小.这是本方法的主要特点和价值所在.     

可见光通信单极性非对称限幅光OFDM技术研究

为了提升非对称限幅光正交频分复用(ACO-OFDM )的频谱效率,提出了一种单极性非对称限幅 光OFDM(UACO-OFDM)调制技术。UACO-OFDM是由ACO-OFDM和单极性OFDM(U-OFDM)两种 光OFDM信号组成,不同长度的信号在发送端按照一定规则进行叠加。然后通过发光二极管(LED)进行 传输,在接收端只用1个光电检测器(PD)接收光信号,采用干扰消除方法依次对不同信号 进行解调。当 调制阶数相同时,UACO-OFDM的频谱效率要高于ACO-OFDM。在频谱效率相等的情况下,对 UACO-OFDM和其他传统光OFDM调制方式的误比特率(BER)和峰均比(PAPR) 性能进行对比分析。 仿真结果表明,UACO-OFDM的BER性能更优。与频 谱能量有效OFDM(SEE-OFDM)相比,当子载波 数为64时,两者的PAPR性能比较接近;当子载波数为256024时,UACO-OFDM比SEE-OFDM的PAPR分别低2dB和5dB以上。     

一种基于ITD和高阶累积量的OFDM识别算法

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)与单载波调制识别,提出了一种基于固有时间尺度分析(ITD)和高阶累积量的识别方法。通过ITD分解待识别信号,提取固有旋转分量的瞬时幅度,利用其复信号幅值高阶累积量区分OFDM和单载波信号,并利用改进和提出的特征参数识别单载波信号。通过MATLAB仿真表明在信噪比不小于5dB的情况下,OFDM信号的识别准确率达99%。     

一种基于相位调制器的40 GHz OFDM-ROF系统实验研究

实验研究了一种基于相位调制器(PM)并级联强度调制器(IM)实现40 GHz毫米波传输正交频分复用(OFDM)信号的光纤无线通信(ROF)系统。在中心站,采用20 GHz的射频(RF)信号驱动PM,调节驱动信号的强度,使输出的信号经光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)滤除中心载波后再送入IM。2.5 Gbit/s的OFDM信号直接调制在光毫米波上,经过50 km标准的单模光纤(SSMF)传输到基站。在基站,光调制信号经光电转换器(PD)转换成电调制信号,再与RF信号混频,恢复出基带OFDM信号。实验结果表明,在无色散补偿、误码率(BER)为10-3的条件下,下行链路中2.5 Gbit/s的OFDM信号经光纤传输50 km后,其功率代价小于1 dB,而且信号的星座图依然较好。     

降低NC-OFDM信号PAPR的自适应算法研究

NC-OFDM(非连续正交频分复用)是认知无线电的主要数据传输方式,PAPR(峰均比)过高是OFDM(正交频分复用)和NC-OFDM共同的缺点。文章主要研究了NC-OFDM信号的PAPR降低的算法,提出了一种基于PTS(部分序列传输)和交织方法相结合的自适应算法,并将此算法嵌入到NC-OFDM系统中。仿真结果表明,此自适应算法能够大大减少信号的PAPR。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.