In order to study the changes in mechanical and structural properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) during recycling of PE film wastes from industrial and commercial sources, mixtures of LDPE with 5 percent poly(vinyl chloride) PVC were processed, recycled and heated in air. The effect of added chlorinated high-density polyethylene (CPE), carbon black, antioxidants and heat stabilizers were also investigated. Compounding and recycling were performed in a twin screw extruder equipped with granulating device. Films were blown in an adiabatic vertical extruder. The thermo–oxidative treatments were carried out in a forced-air oven at 107°C. Tensile strength, elongation to break and film impact strength were determined according to ASTM standards. Structural changes were determined by gel chromatography, solution viscometry, melt indexing, differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy. Even 5 percent PVC adversely affects the proeessability and mechanical properties of LDPE films. Addition, of the same amount of CPE gives marginal improvements in the mechanical properties, possibly due to a compatibilizing action. PVC and CPE also adversely affect the thermooxidative stability of LDPE. When unstabilized, PVC and CPE evolve large amounts of HCl during processing. Minor degradation of the LDPE also occurs. Stabilization of the LDPE may be achieved by phenolic antioxidants. 相似文献
The present study is concerned with accelerating photo-oxidation and biodegradability of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film in the presence of orange peel solid fraction (OPS), especially its ferric salt (OPSFe). Orange peel was made free from essential oils and pigments and then turned into a fine powder. The rate of photo-oxidative degradation of pure LDPE film and the blend samples, containing OPS/OPSFe at 0?C5?wt% in combination with PE-g-MA as a compatibilizer at 1?wt% of LDPE, in exposure to artificial sunlight was monitored by determination of carbonyl index derived from FTIR spectroscopy and the variations in mechanical properties in terms of UV-irradiation time. The original and irradiated samples (300?h) were buried in agricultural soil simultaneously and their biodegradation was evaluated by weight loss measurement, optical microscopy, and also calculation of carbonyl index derived from FTIR spectroscopy. The results obtained revealed that OPSFe acts as a significant accelerator in photo-oxidation and subsequent biodegradation of LDPE in soil enviornment. It is concluded that by incorporating small amount of Fe3+ ions into the polymer blend, photo-oxidative degradation of LDPE film is much more developed. Increase in OPSFe loading contributes to enhance the rate of photo- and biodegradability of LDPE films. 相似文献
The carbonyl indices (CI) of photooxidation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films containing cerium carboxylate (CeCar3) with/without aromatic ketones (AK) were determined by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The effects of these photosensitizers on the rates of ultraviolet (UV) photooxidation of LDPE films and their mechanism in sensitizing photooxidative degradation are studied. Results show that CeCar3 can cause the accelerated photooxidative degradation of LDPE films, but CeCar3 in combination with AK may bring about the accelerated or retarded photooxidative degradation of LDPE films to varying degrees. After UV irradiation, followed by long duration storage, LDPE films containing these photosensitizers continued storage oxidative degradation at the storage oxidative rates similar to the past, except for the Michler ketone. 相似文献
The effect of cobalt naphthenate on photo degradation of low density polyethylene was studied. The carbonyl index, tensile strength, elongation at break, density and relative crystallinity of the samples were measured. The samples were made of different concentrations of LDPE and cobalt naphthenate. Parts of uniform thickness were cut for testing before and after UV-irradiation at every 30-days interval for 90 days. From the results of FTIR, and other measurements, it was observed that the UV-irradiation affects on the LDPE films and the rate of degradation increased with increasing both the concentration of the photosensitizer and time of irradiation. 相似文献
Summary: The paper deals with the surface and adhesive properties of low‐density polyethylene modified by corona discharge, which appear during the long‐term hydrophobic recovery of the modified polymer. The study was aimed at the change in polarity during aging of low‐density polyethylene modified by corona discharge reducing the surface free energy, its polar component and the mechanical work of adhesion. During the long‐term hydrophobization of low‐density polyethylene the main decrease of the surface properties appeared within the first 30 d after modification. In the course of further aging the hydrophobic recovery of the polymer proceeded more slowly. It has been found that the value of the surface and adhesive properties of low‐density polyethylene after modification with corona discharge as well as the dynamics of their decrease during the aging is to a great extent dependent on the presence of the processing additives in the polymer.
Mechanical work of adhesion of LDPE modified by corona discharge to poly(vinyl acetate) during hydrophobic recovery: a) additive‐free LDPE, b) LDPE with additives. 相似文献
High-energy ball milling was performed on low density polyethylene (LDPE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) as well as on 20/80 binary mixture of both polymers. Mechanical alloying was carried out at high pressure with carbon dioxide for a short period. The presence of CO2 avoids oxidative mechano-chemical degradation of polymers and enhances the effectiveness of the milling. The effects of the mechano-chemical treatment on the molecular and physical properties of both single polymers and blends of intrinsically incompatible polymers were explored by FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analysis, intrinsic viscosity determination and solvent fractionation. Structural changes on PP and PP/LDPE blend were observed and have a strong dependence on the milling time. Mechanical tests confirm an overall improvement in blend properties by mechanical alloying. Experimental evidences are presented to suggest that CO2 high-energy ball milling causes a self-compatibilization of the blend LDPE-iPP by breaking iPP polymer chains and allowing them to recombine with the neighboring LDPE chains. 相似文献
Commercial formulations of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) films were subjected to an outdoor soil burial test to investigate the environmental degradation under natural conditions. Samples periodically retrieved from soil were examined for changes in physical character, tensile properties, dielectric behavior, X-ray diffraction pattern and FTIR spectra. Irrespective of thickness and color, load-extension curves of all samples reflect complete or partial destruction of plastic and elastic regions after 15 to 17 months of soil exposure. IR spectra after 17 months revealed major absorption of the region from 1400–1800 cm?1, characteristic of carbonyl peak in polyethylene. Upon exposure, the power factor increased remarkably and fairly intense transition peaks were found in dielectric loss curves. XRD graphs reflected possible damage in the amorphous region of the polymer matrix. Disrupted holes under scanning electron microscope further revealed degradation of LDPE films under natural soil conditions. 相似文献