透明聚丙烯成核剂的种类及其应用

介绍了无机类透明成核剂、有机类透明成核剂（芳基磷酸盐、山梨醇类、羧酸金属盐、脱氢枞酸及其盐类、支化酰胺类化合物）和聚合物型透明成核剂的主要品种、特点、在聚丙烯中的成核机理及其对聚丙烯性能的影响。     

聚丙烯成核剂的应用与研究进展

介绍了无机类成核剂、有机类成核剂（芳基磷酸盐类、山梨醇类、磷酸金属盐类、松香类成核剂、脱氢枞酸及其盐类和羧酸金属盐类）和聚合物型成核剂的主要类型和特性,阐述了成核剂在聚丙烯中的成核机理及其对聚丙烯性能的影响。     

脱氢枞酸盐透明改性聚丙烯研究

以脱氢枞酸钾和脱氢枞酸钾成核剂对透明聚丙烯（PP）进行改性，研究了脱氢枞酸盐对PP光学性能、力学性能及结晶特性的影响，并与山梨酸类成核剂改性PP的性能进行了比较。实验结果表明，加入脱氢枞酸钾或脱氢枞酸钠后，聚丙烯的雾度大幅度降低，光泽度提高，但透光率变化不大；弯曲模量大幅度提高，而拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度略有下降；球晶尺寸大幅度减小；结晶温度提高，结晶度略有上升。脱氢枞酸盐改性聚丙烯与山梨醇类成核剂改性聚丙烯的性能相当，但脱氢枞酸盐克服了山梨醇类成核剂的缺点，可以作为山梨醇类成核剂的理想替代品。     

脱氢枞酸型成核剂制备高透明高光泽聚丙烯研究

采用脱氢枞酸型成核剂制备了高透明、高光泽聚丙烯,研究了脱氢枞酸型成核剂种类和用量对聚丙烯光学性能、力学性能、结晶形态和非等温结晶行为的影响.结果表明,脱氢枞酸型成核剂可以大幅度降低聚丙烯的雾度,提高光泽度,改善力学性能.脱氢枞酸脱氢枞酸钾脱氢枞酸钠为111(摩尔比)的共晶体(11 K1 Na)的改性效果最佳,当其用量为0.3%时,PP的雾度下降了80%,达到7.2%,光泽度提高了35%,达到134.1%,同时具有较好的力学性能.脱氢枞酸型成核剂的加入可以极大地减小聚丙烯球晶的尺寸,特别是11K1Na共晶体,经0.3%的11K1Na共晶体成核改性之后,聚丙烯球晶粒径小于1μm.脱氢枞酸型成核剂改性聚丙烯的结晶温度、熔融温度和结晶度也提高了,11K1Na共晶体的成核改性效率最高.     

脱氢枞酸型热塑性树脂成核剂的研究进展

综述了热塑性树脂成核剂--脱氢枞酸及其盐类的制备方法、分子结构和晶体的X射线衍射特征,介绍了该类成核剂在聚丙烯、聚乙烯及聚对苯二甲酸二乙酯中的应用方法及效果,认为以松香为主要原料的脱氢枞酸型成核剂的发展应该是利用其分子中的活性基团进行化学改性,或与其他成核剂复合改性,以发挥不同成核剂的协同效应.     

专利快递

Ｚ９９５４６　松香基分子晶体，聚烯烃树脂用成核剂与聚烯烃树脂组合物及其模塑件　本发明提供一种由以下的组分Ａ和组分Ｂ形成的松香基分子晶体：组分Ａ：脱氢枞酸或含有脱氢枞酸作为主要组分的松香基树脂酸组分Ｂ：至少一种选自由所述组分Ａ的锂盐、钠盐和钾盐组分的组中的松香基树脂酸碱金属盐，一种包含松香基分子晶体的聚烯烃成核剂，一种包含成核剂以及如果需要而采用的一种钙化合物的聚烯烃树脂组合物，以及一种由聚烯烃树脂组合物模塑而得到的模塑件。Ｚ９９５４７　吸收性材料的制备方法　它包括提供含水量大于约４０％的未打碎和…     

聚丙烯成核剂的研究进展

综述了近年来聚丙烯用无机成核剂(如滑石粉、碳酸钙、云母金属的氧化物及氢氧化物)和有机类成核剂(如缩醛类成核剂、磷酸盐类成核剂、松香型成核剂和酰胺类成核剂)的研究进展。第四代山梨醇缩醛类成核剂可使聚丙烯透明度提高50%,获得高透明聚丙烯;松香型成核剂和酰胺类成核剂是近年新开发的成核剂,单独使用或与其他成核剂复配使用,可提高聚丙烯成核效率;其他物质(如单甘油锌、单甘油钴、单甘油钙、勃母石)也可以用作聚丙烯成核剂。     

松香基无定形基质,对聚烯烃组分及其模型制品有很好分散性或溶解度的成核剂

这种无定形基质是用溶剂脱除或冷却—固化溶液得到的 ,它包括 :(Ａ)脱氢枞酸( 1 )———含松香基树脂酸 ;(Ｂ)含有Ｌｉ、Ｎａ、ｋ和 /或Ｍｇ的盐。成核剂含无定形基质和Ｃａ化合物。含这种成核剂的聚烯烃树脂化合物制得模型制品 ,有很好的光泽 ,透明性、劲度和模压性能。因此 ,1 0 .0ｇ松香 (含 ( 1 ) 6 5 % ,二氢枞酸 1 8% ,4 氢化松香酸 5 %。未鉴定的树脂酸 2 %和中性基质 1 0 % )在ＥｔＯＨ中与ＫＯＨ和ＮａＯＨ中和 ,蒸馏 ,脱除ＥｔＯＨ ,干燥 ,得到一种成核剂。然后 ,异有规立构乙烯 丙烯共聚物 (乙烯含量 2 % ) 1 0 0份 ,这种成核剂 …     

最新专利

最新专利二环戊二烯醇松香酯美国专利ＵＳ５，２４６，９９８［英］／ＷｉｄｅｍａｎＬＧ…．－１９９３．９．２１．－７ｐ；Ｃ０８Ｌ９３／０４题述松香酯适用于橡胶延伸剂和加工助剂，制法：将枞酸（Ⅰ）和（或）脱氢枞酸与题中所述的醇（Ⅱ）反应。举例：将３００ｇ松...     

CPDB为链转移试剂的脱氢枞酸基单体的RAFT聚合研究

以脱氢枞酸（β-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基）酯（DAHPMA）为单体,偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂,2-氰基-2-丙基苯并二硫（CPDB）为链转移试剂,在四氢呋喃溶液中进行可逆加成-断裂转移自由基聚合反应（RAFT）制备得到脱氢枞酸基酯均聚物。动力学研究表明了脱氢枞酸基单体可以在RAFT聚合下具有活性可控的特征,同时探讨了CPDB的浓度对松香基单体的RAFT聚合的影响,发现CPDB的浓度对聚合过程的速率和可控性以及相对分子量和相对分子质量分布都有一定的影响。通过核磁证实了该松香基均聚物的成功合成,接触角测试表明该聚合物具有高疏水性。     

Effects of rosin‐type cocrystal nucleating agents on the crystallization process and the properties of polypropylene

A new kind of rosin‐type nucleating agent for polypropylene (PP), the cocrystal of dehydroabietic acid, potassium dehydroabietate, and sodium dehydroabietate, was prepared, and the effects of the nucleating agents on the mechanical and crystallization properties of PP were also studied. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction proved that the cocrystal of dehydroabietic acid and compound alkali dehydroabietate was formed rather than a simple blend of dehydroabietic acid and single alkali dehydroabietate. When it was added to PP, the size of the PP spherulite decreased; the mechanical properties, crystallization temperature, and transparency of PP were substantially improved. Thus, the cocrystal of dehydroabietic acid, potassium dehydroabietate, and sodium dehydroabietate acted as a more effective nucleating agent for PP. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 2137–2141, 2003     

Effects of rosin‐type nucleating agent on polypropylene crystallization

In this investigation the effects of a rosin‐type nucleating agent, which was prepared from cocrystallizing of dehydroabietic acid and Na‐dehydroabietate, on polypropylene (PP) crystallization were studied. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction proved that a cocrystal of dehydroabietic acid and Na‐dehydroabietate was formed. The lower melting point of the cocrystal caused it to be uniformly dispersed in PP. When cocrystals were added as nucleating agent, the mechanical properties, heat distortion temperature, and crystallization temperatures of PP were obviously improved, and the size of spherulites was also decreased. This proved that the cocrystals of dehydroabietic acid and Na‐dehydroabietate could act as an effective nucleating agent for PP. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 1069–1073, 2002     

Crystallization behavior and optical and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene nucleated with rosin‐based nucleating agents

Background: Rosin‐based nucleating agents, as natural products, do not have any toxicity; hence they could be used in the industrial processing of polypropylene for the manufacture of food containers. As a result they have been the subject of considerable scientific interest in the literature. In this paper, the non‐isothermal crystallization behavior, and optical and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) nucleated with rosin‐based nucleating agents are reported. Polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction were used to investigate the morphology and crystal structure of iPP with different rosin‐based nucleators. The effects of a 1:1:1 co‐crystal on the properties of iPP were also investigated. Results: The addition of rosin‐based nucleating agents led to the following changes in properties: (a) shortened crystallization half time, (b) decreased size of iPP crystals, (c) slightly increased crystallinity and (d) increased transparency, gloss, flexural modulus and tensile strength. The shrinkage of nucleated iPPs was similar to that of the blank iPP. Conclusion: Rosin‐based nucleating agents in iPP were shown to be effective for nucleating crystals, reducing their size and causing preferential growth along the b‐axis, but suppressing detectable spherulites. The 1:1:1 co‐crystal was effective at 0.2 wt%, a greater concentration giving little additional improvement. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

松香系列表面活性剂的合成和应用

介绍了国内外以松香及其衍生物为原料合成松香系列表面活性剂的主要方法，松香与环氧乙烷加成可得到松香聚氧乙烯非离子表面活性剂；松香聚氧乙烯和氯磺酸可合成阴离子表面活性剂；松香胺与环氧乙烷反应生成松香胺聚氧乙烯，再与氯乙醇季铵化得到阳离子表面活性剂；松香和二乙烯三胺反应，得到的酰胺与氯乙酸反应可合成两性表面活性剂。松香系列表面活性剂用途非常广泛，可作为乳化剂、洗涤剂、杀菌剂、润湿剂和降黏剂等，并对今后研究工作重点提出了建议和展望。     

β成核剂对聚丙烯力学性能的影响

通过在抗冲聚丙烯基础树脂中添加自主研制的酰胺型高效β成核剂,在升高聚丙烯耐热温度的同时有效提高聚丙烯树脂EPS30R的冲击强度,研究酰胺型β成核剂PA-01、TMB-5和FB-1添加量对聚丙烯树脂EPS30R力学性能的影响,通过微观形态分析增韧的内在原因,并考察成核剂对聚丙烯树脂EPS30R的成核效果。结果表明,添加β成核剂后,聚丙烯的力学性能明显改善,且β成核剂诱导聚丙烯的成核效果较好。     

Synthesis of rosin‐based imidoamine‐type curing agents and curing behavior with epoxy resin

Rosin is an abundantly available natural product. The characteristic fused ring structure of rosin acids is analogous to that of some aromatic compounds in rigidity, and makes rosin and its derivatives potential substitutes for those aromatic compounds. In the study reported, the synthesis of biobased curing agents containing imide structure using rosin and the cure reaction were investigated. Rosin‐based imidoamine‐type curing agents were synthesized, and the chemical structure was confirmed using ¹H NMR, Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization spectroscopy. The curing behavior with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal mechanical properties and thermal stability of the cured epoxy resins were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetry, respectively. The results indicate that the curing behavior of the rosin‐based curing agents is similar to that of curing agents with analogous structures. Cured products have good thermal stability due to the presence of the imide group and the bulky hydrogenated phenanthrene ring structure. Rosin acids have a great potential in the synthesis of epoxy curing agents as replacements for some of the current commercial aromatic or cycloaliphatic analogues. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Heterogeneous nucleating agents for polypropylene crystallization

A model nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization is described. A series of compounds consisting mainly of organocarboxylic acid salts is evaluated as heterogeneous nucleating agent for polypropylene crystallization by measuring their effect upon the polymer supercooling. Sodium benzoate and basic aluminium dibenzoate were among the best nucleating agents found. The nucleating abilities of the various compounds are discussed in terms of their structural features.     

松香型成核剂成核聚丙烯的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用 DSC 法研究了聚丙烯(PP)和松香型成核剂成核 PP 在不同的降温速率下的非等温结晶动力学。采用修正的 Avrami 方程对 DSC 的测试结果进行了分析。结果表明,松香型成核透明剂和分散剂能显著提高 PP 的结晶温度,用 Jeziorny 法来处理松香型成核 PP 的非结晶等温结晶行为是较为吻合的。加入松香型成核透明剂和分散剂后,PP 的半结晶时间减少,结晶动力学常数 Z_c 增加,结晶速率增加;同一降温速率,松香型成核透明剂和分散剂成核PP 的 n 值较纯 PP 减少,说明结晶成核方式发生了改变。     

Effect of Modified Abietate Nucleating Agents on the Properties of Polypropylene

Two kinds of modified abietates, cocrystals of dehydroabietic acid with sodium dehydroabietate and tetrahydroabietic acid with sodium tetrahydroabietate, were prepared, respectively. The properties and crystallization behavior of polypropylene (PP) with the modified abietate cocrystals as nucleating agents were investigated by the measurement of mechanical properties and heat distortion temperature (HDT), testing of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and polarizing light microscopy (PLM) observation. The results show that the heat distortion temperature (HDT), transmittance, crystallizing point, the degree of crystallinity, and mechanical properties, especially the flexural strength and modulus of PP are enhanced obviously, but the size of spherulites measured by polarizing optical microscopy decrease, by adding modified abietate cocrystals. By adding the modified abietates, the typical α-form monoclinic structure of PP was formed, which was proved by the results of X-ray diffraction. It is concluded that the modified abietates can be used as effective nucleating agents for PP.