毒砂与银铅锌硫化矿物分步浮选分离法的研究

采用分步浮选分离法，利用石灰与ＪＹＯ联合抑制毒砂，有效地实现了毒砂与银、锌、铅各矿物的浮选分离，大幅度地降低了精矿中的含砷量，使其达到合格精矿标准。为含砷多金属硫化矿浮选分离毒砂，开辟了一条新途径。     

硫化矿物无捕收剂浮选基本规律及其分离方案的设计

矿浆电位是影响硫化矿物无捕收剂浮选的最重要参数,无捕收剂浮选需要有一个适宜的矿浆电位范围。不同的硫化矿物有不同的浮选电位范围,调控矿浆电位可以实现硫化矿物间无捕收剂浮选分离,这是一个新的研究方向。以黄铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿和毒砂为例,讨论它们的无捕收剂浮选行为的基本规律,在此基础上,设计用无捕收剂浮选技术进行各类复杂硫化矿体系的浮选分离方案。     

从银金多金属硫化矿中分离砷

从银金多金属硫化矿中分离砷北京有色全局研究总院张秀华在中高温热液多金属硫化矿床中含砷矿物毒砂与硫化矿物常密切共生。我国相当一部分伴生金银的硫化铜、铅锌矿床中都有毒砂，这是造成铜、铅、锌选矿产品含砷高的主要原因。研究从硫化矿中分离砷的工艺，对于保护环境...     

组合药剂抑制毒砂

用单矿物及其混合矿物研究了方铅矿和毒砂的可浮性及浮选分离条件。研究结果表明,糊精、1号组合剂、2号组合剂和硫酸锌,以5.0、3.75、7.5、3.75毫克/升用量可有效地浮选分离混合矿物。组合药剂与它们的母体相比,由于药剂间的交互作用可提高其抑制作用和选择性。应用组合药剂浮选分离多金属复杂硫化矿是一个值得研究的方向。     

节省石灰用量合理方案探讨(摘要)

长坡选矿厂采用重-浮-重联合流程处理锡石多金属硫化矿。浮选系采朋混合-优先流程回收铅、锌、硫及砷等硫化矿物。硫化矿分离浮选采用无氰工艺,即用石灰抑制黄铁矿、脆硫锑铅矿和毒砂,在pH12下浮锌;在相同pH条件下,以乙硫氮为捕收剂,辅以少量2号油浮铅,分离浮选的槽内产品为     

硫化铜、砷矿物浮选分离的研究进展

随着我国对金属铜资源需求的不断增加,有效处理和高效利用铜矿石对我国的经济建设有着极大的意义,当前大多数硫化铜矿中含砷较高,砷一旦进入自然环境会对环境及人类健康有着极大的危害。由于黄铜矿与毒砂的性质相近且铜离子会对毒砂起到活化作用,这导致铜、砷矿物分离成为一大难题。从砷的抑制方向出发,综述了当前铜砷浮选分离的研究方法和技术,重点介绍了硫化矿降砷抑制剂的应用、溶液离子对矿物的影响及机理、物理化学方法改性的应用。在抑制剂研究方面必须进一步研究其在矿浆中与矿物表面发生作用的机理,从而更加清楚地调控矿浆环境及改变矿物表面性质,增强抑制剂对毒砂的选择性。最后指出,发展新型药剂、采用特定方法改性、利用量子化学理论计算铜、砷硫化矿物的晶体结构与表面性质差异是今后铜砷浮选分离的研究方向。     

硫化钠作还原剂硫化矿物无捕收剂浮选规律及分离方案的设计

硫化钠作为一种还原电位调整剂,在硫化矿物无捕收剂浮选中起着特殊作用。它能促进黄铁矿和毒砂的无捕收剂浮选,能抑制黄铜矿和方铅矿的无捕收剂浮选,从而表现出不同于其它常用还原剂(如S_2O_4~(2-)、SO_3~(2-))的特殊性能。通过控制硫化钠浓度来调控矿浆电位,实现硫化矿物之间的无捕收剂浮选分离。本文以黄铜矿、方铅矿、毒砂、黄铁矿和闪锌矿为例,设计了硫化钠存在下无捕收剂浮选分离的方案。这是一种新的浮选分离思想,可供硫化矿物浮选分离研究及生产实践参考。     

硫砷矿物浮选分离药剂的研究进展

综述了毒砂浮选常规抑制剂和捕收剂的研究进展,特别介绍了近年来报道较多的毒砂组合抑制剂、组合捕收剂和新型药剂在含砷硫化矿石浮选分离中应用的研究成果,同时对含砷硫化矿浮选药剂今后的发展方向进行了展望。      

高砷多金属矿浮选分离新工艺的研究

通过对毒砂与多金属硫化矿浮选分离因素的研究，提出用ＣａＣｌ２作为毒砂的抑制剂，使各浮选精矿产品的含砷量均达到０５％以下，有效地实现了浮选降砷，该工艺成功地用于工业生产，取得了很好的经济效益。     

壳聚糖及其衍生物在硫化矿浮选分离中的 研究进展

浮选是硫化矿物分离最常用的方法,抑制剂对浮选分离效果具有决定性的作用。壳聚糖作为一种高 效环保的新型抑制剂,国内外学者对其在浮选中的应用进行了大量研究,针对这些研究,梳理了壳聚糖及其衍生物 在硫化矿分离方面的应用,总结了壳聚糖及其衍生物在矿物浮选时的作用机理,指出矿物的化学性质、壳聚糖及其 衍生物分子结构上基团以及溶液 pH 的不同,其作用效果和作用机理也不尽相同。壳聚糖对金属硫化矿的抑制主 要通过形成 M-NHn基团使抑制剂吸附在矿物表面使其亲水,而对石英、蛇纹石等硅酸盐矿物则是通过分子间作用 力物理吸附在矿物表面。壳聚糖改性生成的衍生物种类众多,在未来硫化矿的浮选分离研究中发展前景广阔,大 部分金属能够与其进行络合作用,在金属硫化矿的浮选分离方面具有很好的研究空间。     

联合使用碱和氧化剂分离毒砂与黄铁矿

本文提出了碱和氧化剂联合使用的方法分离毒砂与黄铁矿,并对其作用机理进行了研究。结果表明,氧化剂氧化后的硫化矿物,表面特性及可浮性发生了很大的变化,在碳酸钠作用下,可以实现毒砂和黄铁矿的分离。这主要是由于氧化剂选择性氧化抑制毒砂的同时,碱选择性地阻碍捕收剂在毒砂表面的吸附,并清洗黄铁矿表面因氧化而生成的不利于浮选的氧化产物。在该条件下,矿物表面的氧化产物和无碱时相同。     

The influence of the oxidation state of pyrite and arsenopyrite on the flotation of an auriferous sulphide ore

In this paper, the influence of the oxidation state of pyrite and arsenopyrite on the flotation of an auriferous sulphide ore was investigated by different techniques, including electrode, pulp potentials, DRIFT spectroscopy and microflotation tests. In addition, the gold and sulphide recoveries were also investigate, in a laboratory-scale cell, as a function of pulp potential and reagent concentration. It was verified that the presence of oxidation products on the sulphide mineral surface demands a higher collector concentration in order to achieve a satisfactory sulphide recovery. The electrochemical behaviour of pyrite and arsenopyrite indicated that a nitrogen atmosphere can lead to a low pulp potential, which inhibits the formation of oxidation products, enhancing both the free gold and sulphide recoveries. Although copper sulphate activates even oxidised sulphide surfaces, it does not improve free gold recovery.     

硫化矿物表面氧化的研究

通过热力学计算、矿物电极电位测定、循环伏安曲线和浮选试验,研究了方铅矿、黄铜矿、砷黄铁矿和黄铁矿表面的氧化反应。主要分为两大类:生成中性硫(S~0)的氧化反应和生成硫氧阴离子(S_xO_y~(2-))的氧化反应。前者能诱导矿物表面疏水,实现无捕收剂浮选(亦称自诱导浮选);后者导致矿物表面亲水。电位,pH和矿物的电子结构是调控硫化矿物表面阳极氧化的主要因素。     

Electrokinetic properties of pyrite,arsenopyrite and quartz in the absence and presence of cationic collectors and their flotation behaviour

This paper contains the results of Hallimond tube flotation tests conducted with pyrite arsenopyrite and quartz using a cationic type collector called hexyl thioethylamine, as well as the results of electrophoretic mobility (E.M.) tests for the same minerals measured under various conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of surface charge of sulphide minerals on the attachment mechanism of a cationic collector. In this regard, the influence of pH and collector concentration on the electrophoretic mobilities of pyrite, arsenopyrite and quartz were monitored. The mobility measurements at various pH values were made in the absence and presence of collector, and the effect of collector concentration on the electrophoretic mobility was determined at constant pH. The results were evaluated in terms of flotation, electrophoretic mobility, adsorption and IR data. The experimental results indicate that flotation of pyrite induced by hexyl thioethylamine is not dependent on the surface charge of the particle.     

某高砷锡石硫化铜矿粗粒浮选工艺研究

试验用矿石为铜锡共生多金属硫化矿,矿石中的铜以细粒嵌布为主,且与黄铁矿、毒砂等致密共生。经过粗粒浮选工艺小型试验研究,采用粗磨-混合浮选-粗精矿再磨-铜砷(硫)分离的原则流程,能获得较好的技术指标。该工艺是在一段粗磨(-74μm占40%-45%)的条件下先富集单体及连生体硫化矿物,尾矿再进行选锡作业,这样有效地保护了锡石,减轻了锡石的过粉碎,为重选提供了好的给矿条件。铜粗精矿再磨再选,尾矿进入重选选锡,减少了锡石在硫化矿中的损失,提高了精矿铜品位和回收率,降低了精矿含砷量。该新工艺最终获得产率9.38%、品位23.58%、回收率91.17%的铜精矿,其中含砷仅为0.19%。同时锡在铜精矿中的损失也不到4%。     

砷黄铁矿浮选特性研究

以砷黄铁矿为研究对象,在丁基黄药捕收剂浮选体系下,系统研究了捕收剂用量及矿浆p H、几种金属离子、无机阴离子和有机调整剂对砷黄铁矿浮选特性的影响,获得了不同浮选药剂作用条件下砷黄铁矿的浮选规律,并初步分析了捕收剂与调整剂对砷黄铁矿浮选特性产生影响的原因。     

氧化锌矿石浮选研究

研究了氧化锌矿石的胺法浮选工艺,考察了免除浮选前预先脱泥作业的可行性和工艺条件。试验表明,合理地应用各种调整剂(如硫化钠、碳酸钠、水玻璃或六偏磷酸钠)的协同作用,可以提供一种新的浮选体系,从根本上改善矿泥的影响,获得优良的浮选指标。文中还结合试验结果对浮选过程中有关矿泥的影响、硫化钠的作用及胺法浮选工艺的实质作了讨论。     

Flotation separation of copper sulphides from arsenic minerals at Rosebery copper concentrator

The removal of arsenic bearing minerals from concentrates is becoming more important as environmental laws become ever stricter with regard to smelter emissions. The onus is shifting to concentrate producers to remove these minerals from their product, with penalties applying to materials containing greater than background amounts.The arsenic content of Rosebery copper flotation feed is mainly present as arsenopyrite (FeAsS), containing approximately 46.0% arsenic with the remainder of the arsenic in copper sulphosalts (tennantite (Cu₁₂As₄S₁₃)), in a solid solution series with tetrahedrite (Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃). Tennantite contains approximately 20.3% arsenic. Characterisation of the rougher and cleaner concentrates obtained during a plant survey showed that the arsenopyrite was appropriately rejected in the copper flotation circuit. However, tennantite showed similar flotation behaviour to the copper sulphide minerals so that the high arsenic content of the final copper concentrate was mainly in the copper sulphosalts. In this study, regrinding the copper rougher concentrate was investigated to reject tennantite in cleaner flotation. It was found that although finer grinding increased the mass fraction in the ultrafine fraction, the tennantite liberation only increased slightly. The copper selectivity against arsenic was improved significantly although the recovery of copper, silver and arsenic was lower. The difference in floatability of copper sulphide minerals and tennantite appears to increase at finer sizes. In this study, pH and Eh were also manipulated to further improve the selectivity of copper flotation against tennantite at fine particle sizes with some promise. In order to find an application in the Rosebery circuit, any changes must have a net economic benefit and the trade-offs and implications are discussed in this paper.     

铅锌精矿中游离自然银和游离硫化银的测定

拟定了分离测定铅锌精矿中游离硫化银和游离自然银的方法。用硫酸-硫脲-硫代乙醇酸溶液选择溶解硫化银;用硫酸-硫脲-硫酸高铁铵溶液选择溶解自然银。方铅矿、闪锌矿和一定量的黄铜矿、黄铁矿和毒砂存在不影响浸取率。