高温合金GH4169管材挤压工艺及组织分析

对高温合金GH4169管材挤压成形进行了工艺研究，确定了GHll40管材挤压成形工艺参数，分析了GH4169管材挤压力能参数变化规律，分析了管材挤压对组织性能的影响。研究结果发现，GH4169管材挤压成形时必须严格控制坯料温度、模具预热温度、润滑方式、挤压速度、挤压比等工艺参数。     

管材挤压工艺分析及实验研究

对管材挤压成形进行了工艺分析及实验研究。确定了镁合金、7075铝合金、高温合金等几种材料管材挤压成形工艺参数，分析了管材挤压成形时变形力的变化规律。研究结果表明，管材挤压成形时必须严格控制坯料温度、模具预热温度、润滑方式、挤压速度、挤压比等工艺技术参数。以上工艺参数对挤压力均有不同程度的影响。     

TC2钛合金管材挤压工艺

研究了化学成分、挤压温度、挤压比、退火温度对TC2钛合金管材挤压成形、组织性能的影响。掌握了该合金热加工变形的特点，确定了合理的工艺路线及参数，研制的产品组织性能、表面质量及尺寸精度优良，满足相关技术标准的要求。     

高温合金GH4169管材包套挤压工艺及组织性能研究

确定了高温合金GH4169管材挤压成形工艺参数,分析了GH4169管材挤压力的参数变化规律.分析了管材挤压对组织性能的影响.研究结果发现:合理的挤压工艺参数范围是坯料温度1080～1100℃,模具预热温度350～500℃,挤压比7～14,采用玻璃润滑剂.挤压管坯组织状态与挤压前组织状态相比,得到明显改善,挤压前平均晶粒尺寸是150 μm,挤压后平均晶粒尺寸是50 μm.采用包套挤压技术、组合凹模挤压技术、引导式管材包套挤压技术等对高温合金管材挤压成形进行了实验研究,加工出了合格的GH4169管材坯料.     

GH690合金大型管材挤压成形参数优化

难变形合金GH690大型管材挤压过程中,坯料温度的分布、大小对成形管材组织有着重要影响.基于DEFORM-2D软件,以(φ)420 mm×60 mm的难变形GH690合金管材穿孔针挤压为研究对象,建立了可靠、适用的GH690合金大型管材挤压过程的温度有限元模型.模拟研究揭示了GH690合金大型管材挤压过程中坯料金属温度分布规律和坯料初始温度、挤压速度对其影响的规律.结果能为GH690合金大型管材挤压工艺优化设计与精细化控制提供重要的参考.     

退火制度对大规格TA15合金挤压管坯组织和性能的影响

根据现有生产条件,使用电阻炉分别对TA15合金大规格管坯在700~850℃温度范围内进行退火,研究不同退火温度和冷却方式对TA15合金挤压管坯组织和性能的影响。结果表明:冷却速度越大,退火温度越高,管材屈服强度越低,屈强比越低;对TA15合金大规格Φ102 mm×7 mm挤压管坯采用850℃退火+水冷可获得的管坯屈服强度低、塑性好,利于TA15合金管材后续较大加工率的轧制加工。     

镁合金管材挤压工艺及组织性能研究

对镁合金管材挤压成形进行了工艺实验研究,确定了其成形工艺参数,分析了镁合金管材挤压成形时变形力的变化规律和组织性能变化。研究结果表明,镁合金管材挤压成形时必须严格控制坯料温度、模具预热温度、润滑剂、挤压速度、挤压比等工艺技术参数。以上工艺参数对挤压力均有不同程度的影响。     

镁合金管材挤压工艺及组织性能研究

对镁合金管材挤压成形进行了工艺实验研究，确定了其成形工艺参数，分析了镁合金管材挤压成形时变形力的变化规律和组织性能变化。研究结果表明，镁合金管材挤压成形时必须严格控制坯料温度、模具预热温度、润滑剂、挤压速度、挤压比等工艺技术参数。以上工艺参数对挤压力均有不同程度的影响。     

7075铝合金管材挤压成形及对性能影响

对7075铝合金管材挤压成形进行了实验研究，测试了管材挤压成形时挤压力变化规律和变形程度对挤压后管材力学性能的影响规律，指出，7075铝合金管材挤压成形时必须严格控制坯料温度，模具预温度，润滑方式，挤压速度，挤压比等工艺参数。     

TC4钛合金异形壳体成型工艺研究

对TC4钛合金异形壳体热成型模具和成型工艺进行研究,阐述了加热制度、成型速度等因素对壳体成型质量的影响.实验结果表明,对TC4挤压管坯采用两道次成型,成型温度780℃,第一道次压下速度7 mm/s,第二道次压下速度5 mm/s,可以获得满足要求的异形壳体.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。