An adaptive generalized sidelobe canceller with derivative constraints

An adaptive broad-band beamforming structure is presented which employs a gradient-based weight adjustment algorithm to minimize output variance subject to a set ofJlinear constraints on broadband directional derivatives in the desired look direction. A generalized sidelobe-cancelling structure is employed in which a nonadaptive (conventional) beamformer operates in parallel with an adaptive beamformer. The conventional portion has a broad-band beampattern which adheres to the specified constraints while the adaptive path is a cascade of a fixed signal blocking matrix and a set of tapped-delay line filters. Blocking is employed to ensure that all incident waveforms which meet the specified constraints do not reach the tapped-delay lines. As a result, an unconstrained least mean square (LMS) power minimization algorithm is employed to adapt the delay line weights. It is shown that with the addition of the directional derivative constraints, the beamformer quiescent bcampattern becomes a function of the location of the phase center used to specify the constraints. A design criterion for choosing this location is suggested and simulation experiments which illustrate the performance of this new adaptive beamformer are presented.     

Integrated MOS offset error canceller for analogue adaptive transversal filter

An offset error canceller based on the switched-capacitor technique for realisation of analogue LSIs is developed using a short-channel MOSFET process. Excellent characteristics, such as exceptional capability of suppression of the DC offset component ranging from -3 V to +3 V, large dynamic range of 83 dB and fast operation speed of 2 MHz clock rate, are obtained.     

Robust presteering derivative constraints for broadband antennaarrays

The weights of an optimum presteered broadband (PB) antenna array processor are often obtained by solving a linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) problem. The objective function is the mean output power (variance), and the constraint space is a set of linear equations that ensure a constant gain in a specified direction known as the look direction. The LCMV optimization results in a set of weights that attenuate all signals except for the look direction signal. However, it is well known that array calibration errors can degrade the performance of the processor with only look direction constraints. For instance, a slight mismatch between the direction of arrival (DOA) of the desired signal and the calibrated look direction of the processor will cause the optimization process to interpret the signal as interference, causing signal attenuation. To alleviate the directional mismatch problem, the spatial power response of the PB processor in the vicinity of the look direction can be widened by imposing additional constraints known as the derivative constraints on the processor weights. While derivative constraints are effective against directional mismatches, we demonstrate that they are no longer robust when there are additional calibration errors like positional errors in the sensors or quantizational errors in the presteered front end of the broadband processor. The main contribution of this paper is the derivation of a new set of constraints referred to as presteering derivative constraints, which are able to maintain processor robustness despite multiple errors including directional mismatches, positional errors, and quantization errors. It is also demonstrated that the presteering derivative constraints are sufficient conditions for derivative constraints, and hence, the spatial power response of the optimized broadband processor is also maximally flat in the vicinity of the look direction     

自适应通道均衡在MUSIC空间谱及分辨率中的应用

高分辨率参数估计算法MUSIC对系统误差比较敏感。文中分析了接收阵元间通道失配对MUSIC空间谱的影响。计算机仿真表明自适应通道均衡可以极大地提高MUSIC空间谱峰值及目标分辨力     

一种用于超光谱成像系统中消高级次光谱集成滤光片的设计与研制

介绍了一种用于工作波段0.4~2.5μm超光谱成像系统中消高级次光谱集成滤光片的设计与研制.针对offner凸面光栅分光的工作特点,通过在同一光学基片上划分三块不同的几何区域,分波段实现超光谱成像仪全光谱范围内因光栅分光引起高级次光谱的抑制与消除,同时保证工作波段的光学效率优于93%.采用精细掩模技术,保证不同波段之间过渡区域的尺寸小于30μm,有效提高光谱利用效率.     

Convergence analysis of a data echo canceller with a stochasticgradient adaptive FIR filter using the sign algorithm

Under the assumption that the “errors at the taps” are Gaussian distributed, a new set of recurrence formulae is derived for calculating theoretical convergence process of a data echo canceller equipped with an FIR filter that is adaptively controlled by using the “stochastic gradient sign algorithm” with a binary and white process as the filter input. Convergence curves for the mean squared residual echo based on the recurrence formulae show an excellent agreement with those obtained by simulation. Approximate recurrence formulae that yield a useful, though less accurate, estimation of the residual echo convergence are also proposed. Furthermore, a closed-form solution to the approximate recurrence formulae is derived. And finally, probability density function of the residual echo is depicted as it changes its shape as the echo canceller converges     

Wavelength blocking filter with flexible data rates and channel spacing

This work presents a high-resolution (13.2 GHz) channel-blocking optical filter, suitable for use as a reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexer (ROADM), which seamlessly supports data rates from 2.5 to 160 Gb/s. The filter consists of a linear array of 64 MEMS micromirrors and a high-dispersion echelle grating. The demonstrated device had an insertion loss of 9 dB, a loss ripple of 1.2 dB, and a group delay ripple of 15 ps. Data transmission through the device with various mixed data rate scenarios ranging from 2.5 to 160 Gb/s showed negligible penalty, except at 40 Gb/s where a maximum penalty of 1.5 dB was observed due to a phase coherence with the blocker filter ripple.     

通道失配对MUSIC空间谱及分辨率的影响

本文分析了高分辨率参数估计算法MUSIC在通道频率响应不一致（通道失配）情况下的统计性能，推导了通道失配对空间谱的影响以及失配方差和分辨能力的关系式．理论表明：通道失配对算法性能有较大的影响，计算机仿真结果证明了理论的有效性．     

MUSIC算法估计性能分析

随着移动通信技术的飞速发展,智能天线技术研究的不断深入,来波方向(DOA)估计技术逐渐成为研究的热点之一,而MUSIC算法是智能天线技术的典型算法.本文在对MUSIC算法进行分析的基础上,设计了MUSIC算法的仿真程序,对不同情况下该算法的性能进行了仿真分析.仿真结果表明该算法在不同阵列结构、信号入射角度时具有不同的性能.     

QPSO与K-Medoids相结合的带障碍空间聚类新算法

分析了现有的带障碍约束空间聚类算法,针对基于PSO优化的带障碍约束的K-Me足,提出了QPSO与K-Medoids算法结合的带障碍空间聚类新算法(QKSCO).在带障碍约束的空间条件下,该算法依据蚁群格网障碍距离作为聚类依据,引入了QPSO的快速全局收敛的特性,使之与K-Medoids算法的局部收敛特性相得益彰.实验结...     

A system for systolic modules for the MUSIC algorithm

The authors believe that special-purpose architectures for digital signal processing (DSP) real-time applications will use closely coupled processing elements as array processor modules to implement the various portions of the new algorithms, and several such modules will cooperate in a pipelined manner to implement complete algorithms. Such an architecture, based upon systolic modules, for the MUSIC algorithm is presented. The architecture is suitable for VLSI implementation. The throughput of the pipelined approach is O(N), whereas the sequential approach is O(N³)     

Adaptive step-size algorithm for the interference canceller in the space-time coded DS-CDMA system

In this letter, we propose an adaptive step-size algorithm for the adaptive interference canceller (AIC) in the space-time coded DS-CDMA system. To improve the performance of the fixed step-size AIC (FS-AIC), the regular adaptive step-size algorithm is extended in complex domain and applied to the joint AIC and ML decoder scheme. Simulation results show that the joint adaptive step-size AIC (AS-AIC) and ML decoder scheme using the proposed algorithm has better performance than not only the conventional ML decoder but also the joint FS-AIC and ML decoder scheme without much increase of the decoding delay and complexity.     

Generalizing MUSIC and MVDR for multiple noncoherent arrays

We examine the problem of source localization and spatial spectrum estimation using sensor arrays that are noncoherent collections of small, coherent subarrays. The covariance of the signal snapshots at each of the coherent subarrays are functions of, among other things, the signal source locations (or the spatial spectrum). Our approach is to derive functions of the subarray covariance matrices that are close approximations of the signal source locations (or the spatial spectrum). We also show how these functions may be considered generalizations of the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm and the minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) criterion, respectively. We demonstrate via simulation that, using this approach and array architecture, it is possible to resolve directional ambiguities.     

A fast echo canceller initialization method for the CCITT V.32modem

An investigation is conducted of the use of a fast-converging frequency-domain adjustment method for the echo canceller that conforms to the CCITT V.32 standard. The method requires no additional processor cycles (or cost increase) over that already required during steady-state operation of the V.32 modem, and reduces the training period to a maximum of 7.5 s, and nominally about 2.5 s. The presence of intermediate echoes can be detected naturally with the presented methods. Simple modifications of the new method are also introduced to accommodate special situations where intermediate echoes and/or frequency offset are present     

FOC-MUSIC与MUSIC算法的稳健性对比分析

分析比较了阵元存在误差时基于四阶累积量的MUSIC方法（FOC-MUSIC）和基于协方差的MUSIC方法对波迭方向的估计性能，给出了大样本情况下估计误差方差的统一公式，基于这个公式从理论上分析了前一种方法的稳健性优于后一种的原因。仿真结果表明；文中提出的理论比较结果与实际仿真结果吻合，在存在幅相误差的情况下，FOC-MUSIC算法的稳健性确实优于基于协方差的MUSIC算法。     

Combinations of an adaptive array antenna and a canceller ofinterference for direct-sequence spread-spectrum multiple-access system

In the realization of code-division multiple access based on a spread-spectrum communication system, i.e. spread-spectrum multiple access (SSMA), reduction of cochannel interference is an important problem. An adaptive array antenna system is proposed that includes a cancellor of cochannel interference, which can improve performance by a combination of temporal and spatial filtering. While the adaptive array suppresses interference sources with arrival angles different from those of the desired user, the adaptive digital filter-canceller rejects those whose arrival angles are the same as those of the desired user. The proposed system can achieve stable acquisition and low error rate of demodulated data even in a heavy-interference channel where a conventional array antenna system cannot achieve satisfactory acquisition     

Digital Laguerre filter design with maximum passband-to-stopband energy ratio subject to peak and Group delay constraints

In this paper, we formulate a general design of transversal filter structures with maximum relative passband-to-stopband energy ratio subject to complex frequency response constraints in the passband and the stopband as well as additional constraints such as constraints. These constraints are important for applications where the suppression of noise at certain frequencies are important. Additional constraints are introduced allowing approximately linear phase and constant group delay in the passband. For a given set of basis functions, the design problem can be formulated as a semi-infinite quadratic optimization problem in the filter coefficients, which are the decision variables to be optimized. In this paper, we focus on the design of digital Laguerre filter and digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter structures. A modified bridging algorithm is developed for searching for the optimum pole of the Laguerre filters. Design examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

FSF MUSIC for Joint DOA and Frequency Estimation and Its Performance Analysis

In this paper, we present a tree-structured frequency-space-frequency (FSF) multiple signal classification (MUSIC)-based algorithm for joint estimation of the directions of arrival (DOAs) and frequencies in wireless communication systems. The proposed approach is a novel twist of parameter estimation and filtering processes, in which two one-dimensional (1-D) frequency (F)- and one 1-D space (S)-MUSIC algorithms are employed-in a tree structure-to estimate the DOAs and frequencies, respectively. In between every other MUSIC algorithm, a temporal filtering process or a spatial beamforming process, implemented by a set of complementary projection matrices, is incorporated to partition the incoming rays to enhance the estimation accuracy, so that the incoming rays can be well resolved even with very close DOAs or frequencies, using the 1-D MUSIC algorithms. Also, with such a tree-structured estimation scheme, the estimated DOAs and frequencies are automatically paired without extra computational overhead. Furthermore, some statistical analyses of the undesired residue signals propagating between the 1-D MUSIC algorithms and the mean square errors of the parameter estimates are derived to provide further insights into the proposed approach. Simulations show that the new approach can provide comparable performance, but with reduced complexity compared with previous works, and that there is a close match between the derived analytic expressions and simulation results