The Ten Commandments of Prototyping

Abstract

Rapid prototyping is seen by many as the solution to numerous difficulties facing today's systems development managers. Yet there is no such thing as a single rapid prototyping model. Prototyping tools and techniques are quite diverse, and project failures attributed to prototyping are not uncommon. This column offers a set of guidelines to those managers who wish to successfully exercise rapid prototyping techniques.     

火炮虚拟样机技术研究

文章应用虚拟现实计算机理论,基于虚拟样机和实时场景技术,提出了火炮虚拟现实技术的研究方案,建立了高效的火炮虚拟现实系统。在该系统上通过和火炮仿真发生器的实时交互,可用于真实描述火炮操瞄、发射过程,感知火炮行军、火炮操瞄、火炮发射对炮手的影响以及评估火炮作战效能。     

The Problematics of Human Prototyping and Animation

Several ideas and experiments are presented for the creation and realistic animation of three-dimensional scenes involving human beings conscious of their environment. The various approaches should allow the intelligent creation of human beings using prototypes and generate their animation based on mechanics, artificial intelligence and robotics. This paper discusses the problems involved in three major steps of the simulation of human beings: the creation of the human shapes, the motion of the human skeleton, and the deformation of the surfaces. Several examples are presented illustrating positional constraints, dynamics, behavioural animation and finite element theory.     

Virtual Video Prototyping

Computing power is an integrated part of our physical environment, and since our physical environment is three-dimensional, the virtual studio technology, with its unique potential for visualizing digital 3D objects and environments along with physical objects, offers an obvious path to pursue in order to envision future usage scenarios in the domain of pervasive computing.We label the work method virtual video prototyping, which grew out of a number of information systems design techniques along with approaches to visualization in the field of architecture and set design.We present a collection of virtual video prototyping cases and use them as the platform for a discussion, which pinpoint advantages and disadvantages of working with virtual video prototyping as a tool for communication, experimentation and reflection in the design process. Based on more than ten cases we have made the observations that virtual video prototypes 1) are a powerful medium of communication in development teams and for communication with industry partners and potential investors, 2) support both testing and generating ideas 3) are particular suited for addressing spatial issues and new ways of interacting. In addition practical use of virtual video prototypes has indicated the need to take into account some critical issues including a) production resources, b) hand-on experience, and c) the seductive power of virtual video prototypes.     

SCADA系统设计与实现的原型法

文中力求从广义的角度看待原型化方法，论述了ＳＣＡＤＡ系统开发策略及采用增量式原型法开发ＳＣＡＤＡ系统的全过程，阐明了系统快速生成依赖于辅助原型开发工具，并为之设计，创建了一系列用于界面开发的工具集。     

虚拟样机系统

在介绍虚拟样机原理和分类的基础上,提出了一种基于场景图的虚拟样机系统结构,同时讨论了该系统实现中样机描述与模型生成、场景图动态拆分和组合、人机交互、样机零部件模型准备等几个关键技术和处理方法,用这种方法开发出基于PC机的虚拟样机系统。这种系统在易用、成本和普及方面具有实用性和推广意义。     

A Prototyping Case Study

Abstract

Prototyping is an emerging methodology with great potential for systems analysis and design. This case study describes the application of prototyping to the development of a budget system and points out the approach's observed advantages and disadvantages.     

Prototyping networked embedded systems

Sophisticated consumer devices that support multimedia-personal digital assistants, network computers, and mobile communication devices-pose challenges for embedded systems designers. The low-cost, consumer-oriented, fast time-to-market mentality that dominates embedded system design today forces design teams to use hardware-software codesign to cope with growing design complexities. New codesign methodologies and tools must support a key characteristic of next-generation embedded systems: the capability to communicate over networks and adapt to different operating environments. The paper discusses two emerging classes of embedded systems: multifunction systems and multimode systems     

积木式原型技术在开发信息系统中的应用

本文提出了一种新的信息系统开发方法──积木法，并利用它成功地开发了一个“科研管理辅助决策系统”。     

Prototyping synchronous group applications

Cooperative team-based activities are changing the nature of work. Current frameworks provide the necessary base communication and coordination tools but require application designers to handle low-level details such as defining a communication protocol. They also provide limited support for prototyping such applications and experimenting with alternative designs. We introduce a sharing style called strong sharing. Its implementation in Object World insulates application designer from low-level communication details. CoSARA, a system built on Object World, lets application designers prototype synchronous group applications by graphically specifying the multiuser interactions. After we describe strong sharing, we describe Object World and how it facilitates building synchronous group applications. Then we describe the CoSARA design methodology for prototyping synchronous group applications and show how we used it to build a multiuser block diagram editor     

Experimental Prototyping in Smalltalk

Smalltalk promotes fearless programming. Users can signicantly alter an application — even the system itself — without fearing unrecoverable disasters.     

A Prototyping Case Study

Prototyping is an emerging methodology with great potential for systems analysis and design. This case study describes the application of prototyping to the development of a budget system and points out the approach's observed advantages and disadvantages.     

基于核心软件的虚拟样机技术

简要介绍了虚拟样机技术的基本概念,提出了虚拟样机技术必备的三个相关的技术领域:即CAD技术、计算机仿真技术与虚拟现实(Virtual Reality,简称VR)和最终目标--人机交互技术.阐述了虚拟样机的组成及所处环境.给出了虚拟样机的生产流程和虚拟样机技术的工程应用领域及虚拟样机的应用前景.     

快速成形技术中STL数据模型的浓淡处理

在快速成形技术的前处理过程中 ,STL数据模型的浓淡处理是一个非常重要的内容之一。OpenGL是一个开放的 3D图形应用程序编程接口 ,已经简化了许多编程操作。通过利用OpenGL图形编程工具和VisualC 6.0编程语言 ,详细介绍了快速成形技术中STL数据模型的浓淡处理方法 ,从而使得STL数据模型的浓淡处理变得非常简单、方便和高效 ,使STL数据模型的显示功能更加完善 ,有利于操作人员对STL数据模型的后续处理和实体成型。     

Prototyping the workspaces of the future

The Access Grid creates collaborative scientific workspaces that challenge traditional desktop metaphors by integrating large-scale visualization displays and lab instruments.     

连杆虚拟样机运动仿真

运动仿真是极具挑战性的新兴技术之一,能够很好地提高设计与产品之间的交互性,缩短产品的生产周期,从而降低产品的设计成本。阐述了虚拟样机的建模过程,基于Visual Basic环境下,对四杆机构运动仿真进行具体运用,绘制输出运动的速度、加速度曲线。分析摇摆式传送机的机构运动特征,划分其功能,最终对其虚拟样机进行运动仿真,结合虚拟样机技术进行产品的仿真分析和参数优化,利用该方法提高了产品的设计质量,提高了效率。     

连杆虚拟样机运动仿真

运动仿真是极具挑战性的新兴技术之一,能够很好地提高设计与产品之间的交互性,缩短产品的生产周期,从而降低产品的设计成本.阐述了虚拟样机的建模过程,基于Visual Basic环境下,对四杆机构运动仿真进行具体运用,绘制输出运动的速度、加速度曲线.分析摇摆式传送机的机构运动特征,划分其功能,最终对其虚拟样机进行运动仿真,结合虚拟样机技术进行产品的仿真分析和参数优化,利用该方法提高了产品的设计质量,提高了效率.