丙烯-乙烯共聚物Vistamaxx的结构性能表征

Vistamaxx(VM)是一种新型的茂金属催化的丙烯-乙烯共聚物,其丙烯质量分数在70%以上,组成与结晶性介于无定型的乙丙橡胶与结晶性的聚丙烯之间,是一种柔软且有弹性的聚烯烃材料。对VM进行了红外光谱(FTIR)、广角X射线衍射(WAXD)、示差扫描量热(DSC)以及力学性能的测试分析,结果表明:VM中的乙烯质量分数在20%以下;VM的Tg在-24℃以下;VM的结晶度较低,其结晶具有聚丙烯α-型晶体结构特点,分子链中较短的链段可在室温以下结晶表现出二次结晶现象;VM是一种透明性高、力学性能优异的热塑性弹性体材料。     

新型丙烯-乙烯共聚物增韧聚丙烯的研究

丙烯-乙烯共聚物Vistamaxx（VM）是一种丙烯摩尔含量占70％以上的新型弹性体。用VM增韧聚丙烯（PP），考察了PP／VM共混物的力学性能、微观形态结构以及结晶性能，并与乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）与PP的共混体系进行了对比。结果表明，常温下VM增韧效果优于POE，PP／VM体系拉伸性能优于PP／POE体系；VM在PP中表现出比POE更好的分散性；VM具有与PP相同的晶型，VM的加入细化了PP的晶粒。     

丙烯／乙烯嵌段共聚物，耐褪色透明的聚丙烯树脂，用于模塑的弹性体及其制品

题述嵌段物具有聚(乙烯-并合-丙烯)键节质量分数为5％～100％(不包括100％)，乙烯总质量分数为2％～95％。(a)嵌段聚合物由聚丙烯链段和聚(乙烯-并合-丙烯)链段化学结合而成；(b)聚丙烯链段和聚(乙烯-并合-丙烯)链段已在烯烃聚合催化剂(有机金属化合物)和固体催化剂组分(钛或钛、镁，加卤素)存在下合成。     

乙烯共聚聚丙烯流延膜树脂力学与结晶性能研究

通过调控共聚聚丙烯流延膜树脂乙烯含量,得到一系列聚丙烯（PP）树脂。研究不同乙烯含量对流延膜树脂相对分子质量及相对分子质量分布、力学性能、热封性能和结晶性能的影响,采用核磁共振仪对流延膜树脂进行序列结构测试,表征了乙烯在链结构上主序列,并与国内外流延膜树脂热力学性能进行对比。结果表明,乙烯含量为3.8 %(质量分数,下同)时,树脂的冲击强度达到4.7 kJ/m2、结晶度为29.05 %,综合考虑实际情况,最终确定生产无规共聚聚丙烯流延膜专用树脂的乙烯含量为3.4 %～4.0 %。     

聚丙烯/弹性体/滑石粉三元共混体系的尺寸收缩与性能研究

系统研究了乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和Vistamaxx两种弹性体对滑石粉改性聚丙烯(PP)共混体系的尺寸收缩率、力学性能和结晶行为的影响.结果表明,随着弹性体用量的增加,材料的收缩率、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量下降,断裂伸长率和冲击强度上升;POE对PP的结晶影响不大,Vistamaxx质量分数为20％时对PP...     

α-成核剂对聚丙烯结晶性能和形态的影响

用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、广角X射线衍射（WAXD）研究了不同含量的α成核剂对聚丙烯的结晶行为和结晶形态的影响，用偏光显微镜观察了结晶尺寸大小的变化，测试了聚丙烯的力学性能，同时对聚丙烯的透光性也进行了表征。结果表明，添加少量α-成核剂提高了聚丙烯的结晶温度和结晶度，且随α-成核剂的添加，聚丙烯的球晶尺寸明显缩小，聚丙烯的拉伸强度也相应增强。当α-成核剂的质量分数为0．3％时，拉伸强度最大，薄片的透光性显著改善。     

新型热塑性高弹体材料-间规聚丙烯／乙烯共聚物

这种新的热塑性高弹体材料聚丙烯-聚乙烯共聚物的丙烯基单元结构含量高（乙烯基单元结构含量在2％～60％（摩尔百分比）），并包含有高的区域规整性的问规结晶性丙烯基系列物。同一般的聚乙烯-聚丙烯共聚物相比。一般的聚乙烯-聚丙烯共聚物可能生成聚乙烯晶体。而现在的聚丙烯-聚乙烯共聚物中，晶体会从富含问规丙烯单元的结晶处产生。     

PP塑料工程化应用改性研究

采用熔融共混法，在对化学交联、结晶成核剂、纳米SiO2、纳米CaCO3改性聚丙烯等进行了系统研究的基础上，讨论了各因素对复合体系力学性能的影响规律，进一步研究了纳米填料、交联剂、β晶型成核剂3，3，5，5-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)、热塑性弹性体(TPE)共用时对聚丙烯的增强、增韧规律。结果表明，聚丙烯被同时增强、增韧的条件分别是体系中加入质量分数O．5％β晶型成核剂TMB和质量分数0．5％交联剂A；质量分数2％纳米SiO2与适量TPE质量分数5％～10％纳米CaCO3与质量分数O．5％β晶型成核剂TMB。     

无规共聚聚丙烯的结构与性能

利用博里叶变换红外光谱仪与差示扫描量热仪分析了五种无规共聚聚丙烯(PP)的组成和结构,测试了五种PP产品的力学与光学性能.五种无规共聚PP都是由乙烯与丙烯无规共聚合而成,在高分子链中没有乙烯结晶.PP树脂的拉伸屈服应力随着共聚单体乙烯含量的升高而降低,Izod缺口冲击强度、光学性能随着乙烯含量的增加而提高.加入乙烯的质量分数控制在2％～3％为宜.     

EVA形状记忆性能的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰（BPO）为交联剂，采用化学交联法对乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）进行改性，制备了形状记忆高分子材料并研究其性能。通过对材料的形状记忆性能研究，发现BPO用量、醋酸乙烯酯（VA）质量分数都能影响材料的形状记忆性能；通过DSC对材料结晶性能的分析，发现交联使材料的结晶度下降，从而影响材料的形状固定率。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。