谈高压浸渍真空系统及其对电极浸渍效果的影响

综述了二种高压浸渍真空系统的配置、工艺过程、特点及其对浸渍效果的影响。实际测试结果表明：在对浸渍罐进行抽真空作业同时合理地将浸渍沥青注入浸渍罐,减小由于向浸渍罐注入浸渍沥青时真空度受破坏的程度,从而提高产品浸渍效果。     

浸渍系统抽真空装置的比较

1引言ACOMPARISONAMONGDIFFERENTEVACUATINGEQUIPMENTSINIMPREGNATIONSYSTEMWangSiliu(LanzhuoCarbonPlant,Lanzhuo730084)漫渍系统中，抽真空装置是由真空泵、真空阀、连接导管和各种真空元件以及相应的仪器仪表等组成的，为完成对浸渍罐内制品的抽真空排气而配置的单元操作装置。对没渍制品进行充分的抽真空排气，是对制品实施沥青浸渍作业的重要前提条件。因此，抽真空设备装置理应是漫演系统最重要的功能设备之一；其性能水平也是判断浸渍系统先进与否的重要依据。为此，笔者对曾接触过的国内外浸渍系统中…     

浅谈我国中小型炭素厂浸渍工艺的技术改造

文中介绍了茂名炭素厂,合肥铝厂高压浸渍设计概况以及我国中小型炭素厂浸渍现状,对浸渍工艺主要组成部分进行了评述,认为用沥青加压泵直接加压,采用高真空、高压的浸渍新工艺是技术改造的关健。为节省投资、运输控制等可以简化。     

浸渍料筐表面附着沥青喷丸清理装置

在浸渍实际生产过程中,预热后的电极随料筐用送料小车一同送入浸渍罐内,料筐同电极一起完成整个浸渍过程。浸渍料筐出罐后表面上粘附着一层沥青,而承载电极的料筐是循环使用的,表面附着沥青的料筐送入预热窑后,料筐表面的沥青受热,一方面以液体形式流到预热窑底部产生焦化现象,影响预热窑的正常进出车及寿命;另一方面,会在预热窑中产生较多的沥青烟,给预热窑安全运行带来危害。因此,在重新装入焙烧品前,必须将料筐表面上的沥青清理掉。本文就为高压浸渍系统而设置的专用料筐清理系统做一简介。１浸渍料筐的清理装置———清筐机…     

卧式浸渍罐端头与浸渍罐门底部残存浸渍沥青原因及处理

相对于其它浸渍装置卧式液体加压浸渍系统在质量水平,操作控制等方面有明显优势,但是卧式浸渍罐端头与浸渍罐门底部本身性质使得每一浸渍循环都残存一定量的浸渍沥青,处理残存浸渍沥青时,易造成浸渍罐端头与浸渍罐门配合障碍,严重影响浸渍生产,我们认为,浸渍罐端头与浸渍罐门底部动配合间添加橡胶圈类似材料是目前解决浸渍罐端头与浸渍罐门残存浸渍沥青有效方案。     

沥青浸渍系统真空技术计算及设计更新措施

在总结某电炭厂“大型特种石墨沥青浸渍系统”工艺设计和调试工作的基础上，综述了沥青浸渍机理、技术更新措施、真空技术计算及验证。强调降低真空压强是增加浸入量的重要条件，通过真空系统计算，采取了提高真空度措施，相应地采用了低真空绝对压力测量仪表。     

“冷进─冷出”型真空加压浸渍装置简介

1前言德国Feist—Incon公司（以下简称“FI”公司）的“冷进─冷出”真空加压沥青浸满装置是在比较并分析研究了已有的浸渍装置后，按照减少浸渍生产设备环节，减少设备数量，革除浸渍过程中间物料移送及避免沥青烟气逸散，屏弃换料框或清理料框的麻烦等，以新的设计思路进行总体设计的一种新型浸渍装置。所谓“冷进─冷出”是指待浸制品装框后，用移载装置以常温“冷态”移送入浸渍罐内（称之为“冷进”）；在浸渍罐内制品经“预热─沥青浸渗─浸后冷却”之后以“冷态”出罐（称之为“冷出”）。制品在密闭的大尺寸卧式浸渍罐内完成全部…     

高压浸渍设备的改造及生产应用

1.前言我厂从1975年组织生产以来,先后使用二组系统浸渍设备。旧式设备采用0.4～0.5MPa的浸渍压力,这一压力仅能浸渍小规格制品,难以浸渍大规格制品;旧式没备没有副罐,预热温度无法控制,而且真空度低,冷却效果差,生产量小,能源消耗高,工人劳动强度大,操作复杂。“七五”期间工厂对原有设备进行了技术改造,于1987年新建φ1600×4300mm卧式高真空高压浸渍系统。改造后的新设备,     

浅谈炭素制品浸渍工艺的改进

本文参照国外高压浸渍装置。结合目前我国现状,对炭素浸渍工艺提出了几方面的改进意见,诸如加压介质和加压方法;浸渍品冷却工艺;防止注入沥青时有沥青进入真空系统的技术措施;浸渍剂返回以及沥青烟气的净化等方面的改进。     

浸渍沥青性能及工艺研究

比较了用几种浸渍沥青和上海沥青作浸渍沥青生产的各工序制品的性能，考察了各种浸渍沥青的使用特性，探讨了电极生产厂对浸渍沥青的合理使用方法。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。