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以红曲米为原料,通过一系列试验,研究了不同乙醇浓度、温度、时间、提取次数等工艺条件对提取率的影响.结果表明最佳提取工艺条件是:乙醇浓度60%;提取温度50℃,提取时间120min,提取次数两次.在此基础上确立了红曲色素三级逆流提取工艺路线,得到稳定性较好的红曲色素粉末. 相似文献
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研究了超声辅助法提取红曲霉菌体中的红曲红、红曲黄两种红曲色素的影响因素,在单因素的实验基础上,利用响应面法优化了红曲色素的提取工艺参数,建立了二次回归模型,得到提取工艺的最佳条件。结果表明,乙醇浓度、料液比、超声功率3个因素对红曲色素的提取有显著影响,在乙醇体积分数76.30%,液料比34.44∶1,超声功率为304.84 W条件下,提取液中红色素组分色价高达5 679.4 U/g,黄色素组分色价高达4 633 U/g,与国标法提取红曲色素相比,提取率分别提高了6.5%和8.9%。 相似文献
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红曲色素及其水溶性衍生物的开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道了作者近年从事红曲色素及其水溶性衍生物的系统研究和开发的结果,并对其利用前景进行了预测。本文着重报道了红曲色素的提取方法和工艺条件的探讨,水溶性红曲色素和黄色素的制备方法的研究,以及红曲色素及其衍生物的分子结构表征、理化性质测定和稳定性比较。实验结果表明,红曲色素具有较高的着色力和稳定性。开发红曲色素系列产品,对于保障人民身体健康,提高农副产品的经济价值,均具有积极深远的意义。 相似文献
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葡萄酒糟色素提取工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对葡萄酒糟色素的提取工艺作了初步研究,确定了葡萄酒糟色素的最大光吸收值为530nm.通过溶剂法提取工艺在单因素水平基础上进行的研究表明,葡萄酒糟与提取液之比为1:5提取效果最好;在酸性条件下提取效果比在碱性条件下好;温度对葡萄酒糟色素提取效果的影响较大;确定了最佳提取剂为80%乙醇水溶液以及最佳提取时间为3h.通过正交实验对提取工艺条件进行优化,确定的最佳工艺参数如下:提取溶剂为80%乙醇水溶液,溶液pH为4,提取温度为60℃,提取时间为3h.通过薄层层析法(TLC)初步探索出可用三氯甲烷或乙酸乙酯与冰醋酸的混合液作为葡萄酒糟色素柱层析的溶剂系统. 相似文献
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红曲色素的提取及其稳定性研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5
采用萃取法从红曲米中提取红曲色素,以正交实验法确定萃取的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,萃取法提取红曲色素的最佳工艺条件为萃取剂80%乙醇,温度80℃,时间30min,pH4,萃取次数2次。在此条件下,红曲色素提取得率达12.25%。对红曲米中提取的红曲色素从热、光、酸、碱、金属离子等方面进行了较为系统的稳定性研究,得出了红曲色素生产及维护其最佳色泽的外界条件。 相似文献
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应用酶反应动力学原理对海藻酸钠裂解酶酶活测定反应体系和反应条件进行系统研究,以改进海藻酸钠裂解酶的测定方法。本实验采用紫外吸收法测定酶活,改良后的酶活测定方法为:300 μL底物溶液(海藻酸钠2.2%,KCl 5 mmol/L,0.1 mol/L Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲液,pH7.0)加入50 μL稀释至2.4~30 U/mL的酶液,于37 ℃水浴静置反应20 min后用冰浴终止反应,反应液稀释20倍后在235 nm处测定吸光度。每份底物溶液均需用新枪头移取以提高精密度,使移液误差小于2%。本酶活测定方法的相对标准偏差小于5%。 相似文献
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Chain interactions of sodium alginate during its gelation were investigated by a new gelation method which was based on a Ca2+-concentrating gelling process (CCGP) produced by water evaporation of an alginate solution containing CaCl2. For two commercially available sodium alginate samples (low viscosity (LA) and medium viscosity (MA)) having different molecular weight distributions but the same G/M blocks, the critical Ca2+ concentrations for their gelation were found to be 4.6 (for LA) and 4.5 (for MA) μmol/mL after evaporating water from 1% of alginate solutions containing 4 μmol/mL of CaCl2. The CCGP gelation method for alginate under the above conditions were confirmed by rheological measurements and the observed highly ordered and uniform mesh structure of the CCGP-formed alginate gels shown in cryo-SEM images. Combinations of LA and MA at different ratios (0:4, 1:3, 2:2, 3:1, 4:0 on weight basis) were studied using the CCGP gelation method to further the understanding of the alginate chain interactions during gelation. Different LA/MA mixtures exhibited different rheological properties in either non-gelled or gelled systems, indicating that the molecular weight distributions of the sodium alginates influence the alginate chain interactions mediated by Ca2+. Thus, an appropriate combination of LA and MA is required for a strong alginate interchain interaction during CCGP, and alginate products with desirable characteristics can be produced by manipulating the mixing ratios of sodium alginates having different molecular weight distributions even at the same total composition and distribution of G/M blocks. 相似文献
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用橘霉素人工抗原-佐剂免疫牛蛙,研究牛蛙肌肉蛋白质对橘霉素结合能力的大小。将能与橘霉素结合的蛋白质用海藻酸钠制粒。取6.4?mg橘霉素人工抗原免疫牛蛙肌肉蛋白质,使用海藻酸钠质量浓度4?g/100?mL、氯化钙质量浓度5?g/100?mL、戊二醛交联体积分数0.2%、交联时间2?h,制备海藻酸钙包埋蛋白质凝胶微球。取海藻酸钙凝胶微球2?g装填成固相小柱,以2?mL红曲米橘霉素提取液过柱,以20?mL超纯水洗脱杂质,与市售免疫亲和柱色谱图比较,均没有杂质干扰峰。以橘霉素标准液作为上样液,以70%乙腈-三氟乙酸作为橘霉素洗脱液,洗脱剂量为5?mL,回收率为86.7%,柱容量为0.101?μg/g。采用自制的牛蛙免疫蛋白柱和市售免疫亲和柱测得红曲米中橘霉素含量分别为0.037?μg/g和0.043?μg/g。 相似文献
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The Sharp-Interface model was used to describe the crosslinking kinetics of thermally preset calcium alginate gel at constant temperature. The model assumes diffusion of calcium ions through a preformed gel of sodium alginate and a selected carrier, and an instantaneous reaction between the calcium and sodium alginate. The proposed model was experimentally verified using two different carriers at the following concentrations: agar 0.6(g/100 mL)-0.8(g/100 mL), and gelatine 4(g/100 mL); sodium alginate concentrations were 1(g/100 mL) and 1.5(g/100 mL), while a 2(g/100 mL) calcium lactate solution was used as calcium ion source. The diffusion coefficient of calcium ion was determined using a cell diffusion model. The model can be used to predict processing effects on food gels. 相似文献
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为探究浓缩诱导型海藻酸钠凝胶对大米淀粉糊化与回生特性的影响,主要用流变学方法确定浓缩诱导型海藻酸钠-钙离子凝胶的制备条件和淀粉的添加量,从而构建出海藻酸钠胶凝与淀粉糊化共存体系。结果表明:海藻酸钠溶液质量浓度为1?g/100?mL,钙离子溶液浓度为3?mmol/L时,热处理引起的水分蒸发作用使海藻酸钠-钙离子体系由初始的溶液状态(储存模量(G’)<损耗模量(G”))转变成最终的凝胶状态(G’>G”),胶凝临界点的钙离子浓度为5.1?mmol/L。当淀粉质量浓度在4~6?g/100?mL之间时,淀粉与海藻酸钠-钙离子混合体系不仅由水分蒸发前的溶液状态(δ>45°)转变为水分蒸发30?min后的似固态(δ<45°),并且具有良好的制备操作性。在以上配比条件下制备的淀粉与海藻酸钠-钙离子样品体系经过水分蒸发作用后在扫描电子显微镜下呈现紧密连结成片的网状结构,并且G’值上升、n值下降,证明按照上述浓度配制的体系能在水分蒸发过程中形成海藻酸钠胶凝与淀粉糊化共存体系。 相似文献
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Microentrapment of Lactobacilli in Calcium Alginate Gels 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
A procedure was developed to entrap culture bacteria using a two-phase (water/oil) system. It consisted of 3% sodium alginate mixed with microbial cells and suspended in an oil bath containing 0.2% Tween 80. While stirring at 200 rpm, calcium chloride (O.OSM) solution was added to break the water/oil emulsion and form calcium alginate gel. The calcium alginate beads containing microbial cells had mean diameters of 25–35 μm (range S-100 μm). The entrapped microbial cells were released completely from the drop shaped beads by gentle shaking in 0.lM phosphate solution (pH 7.5) for 10 min. About 40% more lactobacilli survived freezing of ice milk when they were entrapped in calcium alginate than when they were not entrapped. 相似文献
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采用可食性原料,研制壳聚糖保鲜膜和海藻酸钠复合保鲜膜。将壳聚糖溶于体积分数4%稀醋酸溶液,加入体积分数1%的甘油作增塑剂,0.1%液体石蜡作脱膜剂,在70℃条件下烘干7h,得到壳聚糖膜,该膜厚度为0.100mm,抗拉强度240.0kg/cm2,透光度为89.2%。通过正交试验,确定海藻酸钠复合膜各原料最佳组成为8mg/mL羧甲基纤维素钠、12mg/mL海藻酸钠、8mg/mL明胶、2mg/mL琼脂、体积分数8%的甘油。该膜厚度为0.070mm、抗拉强度为116.7kg/cm2、透光度为71.6%,阻油、阻氧实验结果表明,两种膜均具有良好的阻油、阻氧性能,且弹性和热塑性好。 相似文献
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将微晶纤维素与海藻酸钠混合,形成复合壁材用于制备精油微胶囊。通过探讨微晶纤维素的添加对壁材溶液流变性以及壁材膜机械性能、透油性、吸湿性和透水性的影响,研究海藻酸钠/微晶纤维素复合壁材对柠檬精油微胶囊包埋效率及精油释放速率的影响。结果表明,复合溶液表观黏度随微晶纤维素含量的增加而增加,随温度的升高而逐渐下降,且都比海藻酸钠的表观黏度高。红外光谱结果表明海藻酸钠和微晶纤维素相容性很好,通过氢键形成复合体系。微晶纤维素较大程度增强壁材复合膜的机械性能,膜的透油性、吸湿性和透水性随微晶纤维素的增加而降低。4%微晶纤维素含量的复合壁材对柠檬精油微胶囊包埋效率比未添加的效率提高了9.2%,并且微晶纤维素的添加能有效延缓微胶囊精油在高温和高湿环境下的释放。 相似文献