热敏变色纺织品的检测方法

以商品热敏变色纺织品为研究对象,通过自主研制的环境手套箱模拟外界环境温度的变化,采用手持式分光测色仪测量热敏变色纺织品的颜色变化ΔEF,研究了热敏变色纺织品在不同温度下的变色过程,建立了热敏变色纺织品的检测方法。结果表明:将38℃的样品和手套箱置于标准大气环境(20℃)下自然降温,每隔1℃测量颜色变化值ΔEF,得到的颜色变化曲线重复性好。通过对颜色变化率曲线的高斯拟合,以95%置信区间作为样品的变色区间,同时以38℃时样品的变色色差和20℃时的恢复色差作为热敏变色纺织品的评价指标,可有效检测热敏变色纺织品的变色性能。采用人眼评级方式可得出基本一致的检测结果,数据可靠。该检测方法简单,易操作,可标准化。     

纳米氧化钨复合棉纤维的制备及其光致变色性能

针对氧化钨晶相结构不稳定,光变色响应时间长,寿命短等问题,先采用水热一步法制备浅黄色氧化钨纳米棒,再通过磁力搅拌将其均匀分散到聚乙烯醇溶液中,最后采用快速连续的浸渍涂覆工艺在棉纤维表面涂覆氧化钨纳米棒,制备光致变色纤维,并对其结构和性能进行表征。研究结果表明:光致变色纤维在紫外光照射下,在1 min 内颜色由最初的淡黄色变为灰蓝色,并在5 min内逐渐变为深蓝色;在红外灯加热处理过程中,纤维的颜色在约2 h内恢复到其初始状态,表现出从浅黄色到深蓝色的快速、可逆的颜色切换。该光致变色纤维可规模化生产,可编织成各种图案,在开发光致变色纺织品方面具有很大的潜力。     

光致变色材料变色性能测试与探究

针对目前光致变色材料在纺织服装应用中性能检测数据不足的问题,文章选取3种固有色光致变色材料,通过涂料印花的方式印染到棉织物上,采用观测法和仪器分析法,分别在紫外分析仪和紫外可见光光度计上对其光致变色性能进行测试。实验结果表明:光致变色面料在365 nm紫外光线照射下变色明捷,照射3～5 s就可变色,离开紫外线后也能迅速恢复到原来的颜色,且可逆性良好。每种光致变色面料的变色消色时速有所差别,相应的紫外吸光饱和度也有所不同,最快50 s即可达到饱和状态,慢则100 s达到饱和状态。紫外吸光度最高达1.090,最低则为0.433。实验数据可为光致变色材料的性能研究提供参考依据。     

棉织物的螺吡喃微胶囊印花及其光致变色性能

为获得一种可检测紫外光强度的光致变色纺织品,采用溶剂挥发法制备以螺吡喃光致变色材料为芯材,以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为壁材的微胶囊,用微胶囊对棉织物进行丝网印花。表征了所制备微胶囊的粒径、形貌、芯材包封率及光致变色性能。采用自制变色梯度板记录微胶囊印花织物变色色差,探究了紫外光辐照条件对棉织物光致变色性能的影响和印花工艺对其耐摩擦色牢度的影响。结果表明：螺吡喃微胶囊的平均粒径为729 nm,分散指数为0.34;印花织物变色色差随微胶囊质量分数、紫外光强度及照射时间的提高而增加,微胶囊质量分数为14%的印花织物经30 W/m²紫外光照射100 s,变色色差可达19.02;印花织物的耐干、湿摩擦色牢度分别可达4～5级和4级,20次紫外-可见光循环照射后光致变色色差损失12.26%。     

双层长效光致变色微胶囊的制备

为了扩展光致变色材料在纺织品中的应用，实现可逆型光致变色纺织品，针对光致变色材料容易受到光照、温度、氧气及pH值等因素影响而导致耐光照色牢度性能劣变的问题，设计了一种新型双层光致变色微胶囊的包覆方法，成功将受阻胺类光稳定剂包覆到微胶囊中，并在微胶囊表面形成外层由二氧化硅形成的无机囊壁，然后将制备的光致变色微胶囊掺入透明印花浆料，采用平网印刷工艺得到光致变色印花织物。结果表明：乳化剂添加量为40 g/L,硅酸钠质量浓度为14 g/L时，光致变色微胶囊粒径分布均匀，成型状况很好、包覆完整；光变微胶囊具有良好的光致变色性能，即便是最低光辐照度2,光照8 s,光变印花织物变色前后色差可达11.39,且变色寿命高于40 h。     

色牢度试验对热敏变色纺织品变色性能的影响

以商品化的热敏变色纺织品为研究对象,通过自主研制的环境手套箱模拟外界环境温度的变化,采用手持式分光测色仪测定样品的颜色变化(ΔEF),并测定不同色牢度试验前后样品的色牢度等级、变色性能及变色温度区间。结果表明,样品经过耐皂洗色牢度、耐酸碱汗渍色牢度和耐光色牢度试验后,均发生显著的颜色变化,其中耐酸碱汗渍色牢度相对较好,耐皂洗色牢度最差,耐光色牢度居中。根据评价指标,发现样品的变色级数、恢复级数和变色区间均符合要求,但是变色性能显著下降,变色区间显著上升,尤其是耐光色牢度试验后,同时发生了色相的变化,用户体验感下降。     

光致变色棉针织物的制备及其性能

探讨光致变色棉针织物的制备工艺,并测试了其性能。介绍了光致变色棉针织物的前处理工艺和制备工艺。测试了光致变色棉针织物的性能,包括表面形态、变色性能、热稳定性、耐水洗性、白度、厚度、透气性、顶破强力等。结果表明:制备的光致变色棉针织物在太阳光照射下由无色变为深紫色的变色时间为5.00 s,复色时间为8.25 s,变色灵敏且可逆;织物的热稳定性、白度、厚度、透气性、顶破强力等性能没有明显下降。认为:光致变色整理对棉针织物的性能影响不大,可保持其较好的服用性能。     

涂层印花法光致变色织物的性能与测试方法研究

以4块涂层印花法制成的光致变色织物为研究对象,研究了不同照射时间和不同光源下光致变色织物的变色性能,以及不同恢复时间下光致变色织物恢复原色的性能。根据试验结果确立了测试此类光致变色织物的试验条件。     

螺噁嗪光致变色染料

光致变色织物是指在某一波长光线照射下产生颜色变化,而光线消失后又可逆地恢复原来颜色的织物。其中,螺噁嗪类化合物是一类稳定性和抗疲劳性优良的光致变色材料。试验制备了具有光致变色性能的螺噁嗪材料N 甲基 3,3 二甲基 9′ 二氯均三嗪基螺［2H 吲哚 2,3′ （3H）萘并（2,1 b）（1,4） 噁嗪］,并用红外光谱对其结构进行表征。采用该螺噁嗪材料对棉织物进行超声染色,探讨染色工艺条件对光致变色性能的影响,确定优化的工艺条件为：染液质量浓度0.8 g/L,染色温度50 ℃,染色时间20 min,焙烘温度100 ℃,焙烘时间15 min。     

光敏变色材料及其在纺织品上的应用

1前言光敏变色材料是指具有光致变色性能的材料。光致变色性,即某些物质在紫外光或可见光的照射下会产生变色,而当光线消失之后又会可逆地变到原来颜色的现象,也称“光变色性”或“光敏变色性”。光变色性质可分为可逆性和不可逆性两类[1-2]。自从1900年Marckwald报道有机化合物苯并叉(Benzo-1 -Naphthrlidine)和四氯代-2 萘酮的光致变色性以来,光致变色材料逐渐受到重视[3-4]。随着科学技术的迅速发展,许多有机、无机光致变色化合物被相继合成。它们广泛应用于许多领域中,如纺织品、日用品、特种感光材料及信息存贮材料等,并发挥了重要…     

光致变色织物光照变色疲劳性的研究

为设计光致变色斜纹织物,探讨光照时间与光照循环次数对光致变色纤维织物变色疲劳性的影响,测试光致变色纤维织物变色灵敏性与变色回复性。结果表明:随着照射时间的延长,织物的光致变色明度增大,有色色相快速降低,变色灵敏度降低;长时间暴晒会导致光致变色微胶囊凹陷、破裂,最终丧失光致变色性能。光致变色微胶囊制备及光致变色纤维纺丝时应适当加入光稳定剂或光降解抑制剂;织物在日常使用和维护中应尽量避免长时间暴晒,以延长使用寿命。     

A review of photochromism in textiles and its measurement

Photochromism is a light-induced reversible change in colour defined as: ‘A reversible transformation in a chemical species between two forms having different absorption spectra brought about by photo-irradiation.’ This issue of Textile Progress provides a review of photochromism, the different methods for producing photochromic textiles, their properties, the measurement of kinetic colour changes, and their application in photochromic textiles. Photochromism can be utilised in a variety of textile products from everyday clothing to high-technology applications such as protective textiles, medical textiles, geo-textiles and sports textiles. Although photochromic materials have been used since 1960 to cut down the transmission of light through the lenses in sunglasses, there has been limited further development since that time due to technical difficulties not only in the application of photochromic colourants, but also with the measurement of kinetic colour-changing properties. Renewed interest in photochromic textiles has arisen due to improved commercial potential in particular for applications as photochromic nanofibres, in ‘smart’ textiles and in ‘smart’ clothing.     

液态奶中硫氰酸钠快速检测试剂盒的研制与应用

硫氰酸钠(NaSCN,Sodium thiocyanate)是一种具有防腐作用的化工原料,常被加入乳制品中以延长其货架期,增大了安全风险。目前已报道的硫氰酸钠快速检测方法,大多存在底色干扰严重和灵敏度低等弊端。为提高检测灵敏度,本研究基于SCN~-可与Fe~(3+)反应生成血红色络合物的原理,通过显色显色剂筛选、显色条件优化,以模拟奶模拟牛奶基质,经样品前处理、显色剂显色,建立了一种NaSCN半定量速测管法,并开发为快速检测试剂盒,用于液态奶样品中硫氰酸钠残留量检测。结果表明,最佳显色条件为:以2 mol/L硝酸铁(2 mol/L硝酸作溶剂)作为显色剂,常温下2 min内显色完全。该试剂盒对液态奶中硫氰酸钠残留的检出限为5 mg/kg;5~100 mg/kg时,区分度良好;准确、灵敏、快速(5 min)、稳定,无需仪器辅助,适合中小型企业与基层单位现场对大批量样品进行筛查。     

可逆变色微胶囊在纺织工业中的应用

采用微胶囊技术进行纺织品的可逆变色材料加工,系通过微胶囊技术将显色体与显色剂、溶剂等物质一起包覆于囊心内,而微胶囊的囊壁起到了隔离外界环境的作用,从而提高了变色材料的耐疲劳性和稳定性,进而延长了纺织品的使用寿命。概述了变色微胶囊的制备技术及其在纺织品中的应用,主要有光致变色、热致变色两大类微胶囊,并对变色微胶囊今后的发展进行了展望。     

纯牛乳中硫氰酸钠高通量快速检测方法的建立

本研究基于硫氰酸根与三价铁离子反应生成血红色络合物的原理,以微孔板作为显色载体,通过显色剂筛选、显色条件优化、性能评定等步骤建立了一种准确、快速、高通量的纯牛乳中硫氰酸钠含量的检测方法。方法的工作条件为选取1.5 mol/L的高氯酸铁溶液(用2.0 mol/L高氯酸溶液配制)作为最佳显色剂,室温25℃下反应5 min,用酶标仪读取465 nm波长下的吸收值。结果显示:本方法检出限为0.27 mg/kg,定量限为0.90 mg/kg,线性范围为0.90~80.00 mg/kg,加标回收率范围在83.9%~98.6%之间,重复测试相对标准偏差均小于10.0%。本方法具有准确、通量高、试剂用量小、环保、快速等优点,能够满足纯牛乳中硫氰酸钠的检测,适合对大批量的纯牛乳中硫氰酸钠残留进行快速筛查。     

纺织品色差和色牢度的数码影像技术评级

采用目测评级法、测色仪评级、数码影像系统评级三种方法对特警面料样本的色差与日晒色牢度进行评级,并对评级结果进行对比.结果表明,数码影像技术与人眼目视评级具有良好的相关性,且其误差率和客观稳定性比人眼目测评级更胜一筹.采用数码影像技术进行纺织品的色差与色牢度评级是准确可靠的.     

False Positive Detection of Peanut Residue in Liquid Caramel Coloring Using Commercial ELISA Kits

Initial food industry testing in our laboratory using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods indicated that the darkest caramel color (class IV) unexpectedly contained traces of peanut protein, a potential undeclared allergen issue. Caramel production centers on the heating of sugars, often glucose, under controlled heat and chemical processing conditions with other ingredients including ammonia, sulfite, and/or alkali salts. These ingredients should not contain any traces of peanut residue. We sought to determine the reliability of commercially available peanut allergen ELISA methods for detection of apparent peanut residue in caramel coloring. Caramel color samples of classes I, II, III, and IV were obtained from 2 commercial suppliers and tested using 6 commercially available quantitative and qualitative peanut ELISA kits. Five lots of class IV caramel color were spiked with a known concentration of peanut protein from light roasted peanut flour to assess recovery of peanut residue using a spike and recovery protocol with either 15 ppm or 100 ppm peanut protein on a kit‐specific basis. A false positive detection of peanut protein was found in class IV caramel colors with a range of 1.2 to 17.6 parts per million recovered in both spiked and unspiked liquid caramel color samples. ELISA kit spike/recovery results indicate that false negative results might also be obtained if peanut contamination were ever to actually exist in class IV caramel color. Manufacturers of peanut‐free products often test all ingredients for peanut allergen residues using commercial ELISA kits. ELISA methods are not reliable for the detection of peanut in class IV caramel ingredients and their use is not recommended with this matrix.     

Study of chameleon nylon and polyester fabrics using photochromic ink

There is a growing interest in the development of chameleon textiles using chromic dyes (inks) for several uses, such as brand protection, responsive camouflage, ultraviolet (UV) sensors, and fashion apparel. However, their use is limited to very few colors and responsivity to color change in the spectral range. This investigation used two photochromic inks: magenta and turquoise. These inks change color when exposed to certain wavelengths of light. The magenta and turquoise photochromic inks belong to the naphthopyran and spironaphthoxazine classifications of dye, respectively. These plastisol inks were applied on the nylon and polyester fabrics using a screen-printing technique. The color-changing behavior of the printed fabrics was studied using a Hunter Lab Color Spectrophotometer after exposure to tungsten, fluorescent, UV, and sunlight. Each sample was subjected to five fade cycles to study the fading effects. The effects on the color changes of the magenta ink-printed fabrics were most intense under UV and sunlight, creating strong red colors with an increase in a-values, but only a small change in color was observed under fluorescent light. Turquoise ink-printed fabric exhibited very minor visible changes under UV and sunlight with a decrease in b-value. No significant effect on color changes and color strength was found after five fade cycles.     

Effect of drawing ratio on difference in optical density and mechanical properties of mass colored photochromic polypropylene filaments

Photochromic textiles have been used in the sensible materials (sensor) in the smart textiles and esthetic materials in the fashion industry due to the color changing properties, which gives immense inspiration to prepare photochromic textile materials, in this regards we take more attention to prepare the mass dyed polypropylene filaments with photochromic pigments. Metallocene polypropylene filaments were doped by different concentration of photochromic pigment. In our experimental work, the optical and mechanical properties of these multifilaments depending on their drawing ratio were investigated. The photochromic pigment used was 5-Chloro-13-dihydro-133-trimethylspiro[2H-indole-23′-(3H)naphtha [2,1b](14)oxazine]. Regarding the optical properties, our investigation confirms the known effect of the primary reflectance on the depth of shade of colored multifilaments as shown by linear increase in difference in optical density with increasing ratio of fineness.